Classification of welding processes

Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich

Welding is a process of joining two metal pieces as a result of significant diffusion of the atoms of the welded pieces into the joint (weld) region. Welding is carried out by heating the joined pieces to melting point and fusing them together (with or without filler material) or by applying pressure to the pieces in cold or heated state.

Advantages of welding:

• Strong and tight joining;
• Cost effectiveness;
• Simplicity of welded structures design;
• Welding processes may be mechanized and automated.

Disadvantages of welding:

• Internal stresses, distortions and changes of micro-structure in the weld region;
• Harmful effects: light, ultra violate radiation, fumes, high temperature.

Applications of welding:

• Buildings and bridges structures;
• Automotive, ship and aircraft constructions;
• Pipe lines;
• Tanks and vessels;
• Rairoads;
• Machinery elements.

• Arc welding
  • Carbon Arc Welding;
  • Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW);
  • Submerged Arc Welding (SAW);
  • Metal Inert Gas Welding (MIG, GMAW);
  • Tungsten Inert Gas Arc Welding (TIG, GTAW);
  • Electroslag Welding (ESW);
  • Plasma Arc Welding (PAW);
• Resistance Welding (RW);
  • Spot Welding (RSW);
  • Flash Welding (FW);
  • Resistance Butt Welding (UW) ;
  • Seam Welding (RSEW);
• Gas Welding (GW);
  • Oxyacetylene Welding (OAW);
  • Oxyhydrogen Welding (OHW);
  • Pressure Gas Welding (PGW);
• Solid State Welding (SSW);
  • Forge Welding (FOW);
  • Cold Welding (CW);
  • Friction Welding (FRW);
  • Explosive Welding (EXW);
  • Diffusion Welding (DFW);
  • Ultrasonic Welding (USW);
• Thermit Welding (TW);
• Electron Beam Welding (EBW);
• Laser Welding (LW).

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• Principles of arc welding
• Brazing
• Soldering
• Welding stainless steels

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