http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/ 2012-05-17T12:28:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/ http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/lib/images/favicon.ico text/html 2012-05-02T07:29:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=10_most_popular_articles_in_the_last_month&amp;rev=1335958192 April 2012 * Iron-carbon phase diagram * Tensile test and Stress-Strain Diagram * Bearings in internal combustion engines * Shore (Durometer) hardness test * Metals crystal structure * Hardness test methods * Phase transformations and phase diagrams text/html 2008-05-17T03:39:58-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=1_1_1-trichloroethane&amp;rev=1211009998 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Chlorinated solvent 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) Chemical formula: CH3-CCl Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 1.34*10³ kg/m³ 83.6 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C)) 0.87 cP 5.84*10-4 lb/ft·s Surface tension at 77°F (25°C) 0.025 N/m 1.43*10-4 lbf/… text/html 2011-12-20T03:03:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=about_us&amp;rev=1324368210 [dmitri_kopeliovich.jpg?400x300] Thank you for visiting SubsTech. We hope you will find in our site useful information about engineering materials. We have been trying to submit here the most reliable and relevant data resulted from R&D achievements and verified by engineering experience and industrial practice. We would appreciate to receive your comments, notes and suggestions concerning the site content, design and operation. You are welcome to collaborate with us and add any relevan… text/html 2012-04-14T07:21:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=adaptive_tribological_coatings&amp;rev=1334402513 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Adaptive tribological coatings - description * Design of adaptive tribological coatings * Examples of adaptive tribological coatings text/html 2011-07-09T08:16:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=additives_in_lubricating_oils&amp;rev=1310213761 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Additives are substances formulated for improvement of the anti-friction, chemical and physical properties of base oils (mineral, synthetic, vegetable or animal), which results in enhancing the lubricant performance and extending the equipment life. Combination of different additives and their quantities are determined by the lubricant type (Engine oils, Gear oils, Hydrau… text/html 2007-11-10T09:07:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=adhesive_bonding_-_introduction&amp;rev=1194703662 to Polymers to Adhesives Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum Adhesive bonding is a process of joining two or more solid parts with an adhesive substance. Advantages of adhesive bonding * Ability to join dissimilar materials; * Fast and cheap joining technique; * Provides design convenience and flexibility; * Sealing properties (adhesive fills gaps and voids); * Provides thin and invisible joint; * Joints may be electrically/thermally conductive or insula… text/html 2011-07-09T08:15:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=adhesive_bonding_introduction&amp;rev=1310213721 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Adhesives Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Adhesive bonding is a process of joining two or more solid parts with an adhesive substance. * Advantages of adhesive bonding * Disadvantages of adhesive bonding * Stages of adhesive bonding * Applications of adhesive bonding text/html 2011-07-09T08:14:26-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=adhesive_joints&amp;rev=1310213666 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Adhesives Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Strength of an adhesive bonding strongly depends on the direction and distribution of the stresses formed in the joint as a result of the loads applied to it. Typical forces, which may be applied to adhesive joints are presented in the figure below. [Typical_forces.png] Two aderends (substrate) may be bonded by different ways shown in the picture. Lap and strap joi… text/html 2009-04-01T07:55:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=adhesive_selection&amp;rev=1238586912 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Adhesives Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich There is no universal adhesive, which is suitable for all possible applications. Correct selection of an adhesive is determined by optimal combinations of various factors: text/html 2012-04-28T12:34:19-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=adhesives&amp;rev=1335630859 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers * Adhesive bonding (introduction) * Fundamentals of adhesive bonding * Classification of adhesives * Surface preparation for adhesive bonding * Adhesive selection * Adhesive joints text/html 2011-12-20T03:02:08-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=advertising_opportunities&amp;rev=1324368128 SubsTech.com receives highly targeted and continuously growing traffic. The site is getting about 1 million unique visitors a year. Our visitors are materials engineers, materials researchers, materials managers, mechanical engineers, chemical engineers and other professionals from the global engineering community (from about 215 countries) searching for information about : text/html 2012-04-14T07:15:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alkaline_cleaning&amp;rev=1334402130 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Alkaline cleaning is a Surface preparation operation utilizing an immersion of the workpiece into an alkaline aqueous solution (or spraying of the solution on the workpiece) where the contaminants such as mineral oils and greases, vegetable oils, animal fats, Cutting fluids (coolants), residual soils, metal chips, dust, etc. are removed from the workpiece surface … text/html 2008-05-17T03:26:22-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=all_purpose_cutting_oil&amp;rev=1211009182 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cutting fluids (coolants) to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) All purpose cutting oil Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 1.005 *10³ kg/m³ 62.7 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 27.3 cSt 27.3 cSt Flash point 232 ºC 450 ºF Pour Point -25 ºC -13 ºF Applications: machining of st… text/html 2008-05-16T13:11:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alloy_steel_sae_4027&amp;rev=1210957867 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Alloy steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 4027 Chemical composition: C=0.40%, Mn=0.8%, Mo=0.25% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 205 GPa 29700 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.60*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 477 J/(kg*K) 0… text/html 2008-05-16T13:11:29-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alloy_steel_sae_4130&amp;rev=1210957889 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Alloy steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 4130 Chemical composition: C=0.30%, Mn=0.5%, Mo=0.20%, Cr=1.0% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 205 GPa 29700 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 11.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.20*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 477 J/(… text/html 2008-05-16T13:11:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alloy_steel_sae_4340&amp;rev=1210957909 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Alloy steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 4340 Chemical composition: C=0.40%, Mn=0.7%, Mo=0.25%, Cr=0.8%, Ni-1.8% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 205 GPa 29700 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.00*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity … text/html 2008-05-16T13:12:14-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alloy_steel_sae_5140&amp;rev=1210957934 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Alloy steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 5140 Chemical composition: C=0.40%, Mn=0.8%, Cr=0.8% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 205 GPa 29700 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.00*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 452 J/(kg*K) 0.… text/html 2008-05-16T13:12:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alloy_steel_sae_6150&amp;rev=1210957956 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Alloy steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 6150 Chemical composition: C=0.50%, Mn=0.8%, Cr=0.95%, V=0.15%min Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 205 GPa 29700 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.78*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 477 … text/html 2008-05-16T13:12:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alloy_steel_sae_8620&amp;rev=1210957977 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Alloy steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 8620 Chemical composition: C=0.20%, Mn=0.75%, Mo=0.2%, Cr=0.5%, Ni=0.55% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 205 GPa 29700 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.78*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity … text/html 2008-05-16T13:13:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alloy_steel_sae_9255&amp;rev=1210957997 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Alloy steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 9255 Chemical composition: C=0.55%, Mn=0.9%, Si=2.0% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 205 GPa 29000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 11.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.39*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 477 J/(kg*K) 0.… text/html 2011-03-19T13:26:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alloy_steels&amp;rev=1300555578 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steels and cast irons Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Alloy steels are iron-carbon alloys, to which alloying elements are added with a purpose to improve the steels properties as compared to the Carbon steels. text/html 2010-12-01T08:58:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alumina_aerogel_monolith&amp;rev=1291211903 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Sol-Gel process to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Alumina aerogel monolith Chemical composition: Al2O3, derived from aluminum alkoxide, %Solids: 2% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 0.037 *10³ kg/m³ 2.3 lb/ft³ Internal Surface Area 376 m²/g 1.8*106 ft²/lb Modulus of elasticity 0.00055 GPa 0.08 ksi Thermal conductivity (100ºF/3… text/html 2010-12-01T08:50:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alumina_ceramic_94_alumina&amp;rev=1291211453 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Alumina ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Alumina ceramic ( 94% AL2O3) Chemical composition: 94% AL2O3 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.69 *10³ kg/m³ 230.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 300 GPa 43500 ksi Flexural strength 330 MPa 47900 psi Compressive strength 2000 MPa 290000 psi Fracture toughness 3.5 M… text/html 2010-12-01T08:57:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alumina_ceramic_97.5_alumina&amp;rev=1291211858 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Alumina ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Alumina ceramic ( 97.5% AL2O3) Chemical composition: 97.5% AL2O3 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.85 *10³ kg/m³ 240.3 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 331 GPa 48000 ksi Flexural strength 386 MPa 56000 psi Compressive strength 2070 MPa 300000 psi Fracture toughness 4.3 … text/html 2010-12-01T08:57:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alumina_ceramic_99.8_alumina&amp;rev=1291211877 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Alumina ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Alumina ceramic ( 99.8% AL2O3) Chemical composition: 99.8% AL2O3 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.89 *10³ kg/m³ 242.8 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 375 GPa 54400 ksi Flexural strength 410 MPa 59500 psi Compressive strength 2340 MPa 340000 psi Fracture toughness 4 … text/html 2011-04-02T10:17:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alumina_ceramics&amp;rev=1301753824 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Oxide ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Alumina (aluminum oxide) is the most important, widely used and cost effective oxide ceramic material. The technical alumina ceramics contain at least 80% of aluminum oxide (AL2O3). text/html 2008-09-14T09:26:33-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=alumina_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_sic_whiskers&amp;rev=1221398793 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Alumina matrix reinforced by SiC whiskers Composition: alumina (Al2O3 matrix + 25% SiC whiskers Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.7 *10³ kg/m³ 231 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 390 GPa 56560 ksi Flexural strength 900 MPa 130500 psi Fracture toughness … text/html 2010-12-25T10:30:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=aluminum_alloys&amp;rev=1293291007 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Classification of aluminum alloys * Temper designation of aluminum alloys * Wrought aluminum alloys * Wrought aluminum alloys (1xxx) * Wrought aluminum-copper alloys (2xxx) * Wrought aluminum-manganese alloys (3xxx) * Wrought aluminum-silicon alloys (4xxx) * Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) * Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys (6xxx) * Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloys (7xxx) * Wrough… text/html 2012-05-12T09:41:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=aluminum_based_bearing_materials&amp;rev=1336830098 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Aluminum based Engine bearing materials provide a good combination of a moderate fatigue strength (load capacity) with a moderate level of anti-friction properties (compatibility, conformability, embedability). Most aluminum based bearing materials have bi-metal structure. The manufacturing technology of aluminum based bearing materials includes continuous c… text/html 2008-05-17T03:26:06-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=aluminum_cutting_fluid&amp;rev=1211009166 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cutting fluids (coolants) to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Aluminum cutting fluid Mineral oil and natural esters based fluid Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.905 *10³ kg/m³ 56.5 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 22.3 cSt 22.3 cSt Flash point 182 ºC 360 ºF Pour Point -20 ºC -4 ºF Appli… text/html 2011-01-21T09:01:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=aluminum_extrusion&amp;rev=1295618471 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Extrusion * Aluminum extrusion process * Extrudability of aluminum alloys * Properties of extruded aluminum alloys * Applications of extruded aluminum text/html 2010-12-01T09:03:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=aluminum_nitride_ceramic_aln&amp;rev=1291212239 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Nitride ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Aluminum Nitride ( AlN) Chemical composition: AlN Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.15 *10³ kg/m³ 196.6 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 320 GPa 46400 ksi Flexural strength 280 MPa 40600 psi Fracture toughness 3.3 MPa*m½ 3.3 MPa*m½ Hardness 11000 HV 11000 HV Th… text/html 2010-12-01T09:00:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=aluminum_titanate_ceramic_ati&amp;rev=1291212035 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Aluminum titanate ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Aluminum Titanate Ceramic ATI Chemical composition: Al2TiO5 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.4 *10³ kg/m³ 212.2 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 30 GPa 4350 ksi Flexural strength 60 MPa 8700 psi Fracture toughness 4 MPa*m½ 4 MPa*m½ Thermal expansion (20 ºC) … text/html 2010-12-01T08:45:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=aluminum_titanate_ceramics&amp;rev=1291211151 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Oxide ceramics Aluminum titanate is a ceramic material consisting of a mixture of alumina (Al2O3) and titania (TiO2) forming solid solution with stoichiometric proportion of the components: Al2O3*TiO2 or Al2TiO5. text/html 2009-12-18T07:32:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ammonia&amp;rev=1261139532 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Gases Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * General information about ammonia * Manufacture of ammonia * Applications of ammonia * Health effects of ammonia * Properties of ammonia text/html 2009-12-18T07:32:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ammonia_cracker&amp;rev=1261139556 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Gases Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Ammonia cracking is a process of dissociation of gaseous anhydrous Ammonia (NH3) into a mixture of Hydrogen (H2) and Nitrogen (N2) according to the reaction: 2NH3 = N2 + 3H2 The reaction is endothemic, requiring 383 kJ/mol. The process is performed at increased temperature within the range 1560-1740ºF (850-950ºC) in the presence of nickel as catalyst. The resulting gas m… text/html 2008-05-17T03:43:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ammonia_properties&amp;rev=1211010227 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ammonia to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Ammonia Chemical formula: NH3 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Molecular mass 17.03 17.03 Density of gas at 59°F (15°C), 1 atm. 0.73 kg/m³ 0.045 lb/ft³ Density of gas at boiling point, 1 atm. 0.889 kg/m³ 0.0555 lb/ft³ Density of liquid at boiling point, 1 atm. 681.9 kg/m³ 42.57 lb/… text/html 2010-10-08T11:07:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=annealing_and_stress_relief&amp;rev=1286550424 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Heat treatment technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Annealing is a heat treatment procedure involving heating the alloy and holding it at a certain temperature (annealing temperature), followed by controlled cooling. text/html 2012-01-07T10:09:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=anodizing&amp;rev=1325948943 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Anodizing is an electrochemical process of growing conversion oxide coating as a result of oxidation of an anodically connected metal in an acidic electrolyte solution. Conversion coating is a film of a chemical compound formed in the reaction of the substrate substance with another substance. This reaction distinguishes conversion coating from a conventional … text/html 2012-04-14T07:22:33-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=anti-stiction_coatings_for_mems&amp;rev=1334402553 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) * Polycrystalline silicon for MEMS * Surface treatment of MEMS Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are devices combining very small mechanisms (up to 1mm/0.04”) with electronic integrated circuits. MEMS are assembled from mechanical components with the sizes 1-100μm (0.00004… text/html 2011-10-17T14:55:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=applications_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1318877717 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics * Ceramic bearings * Materials for joint prostheses * Ceramics in combustion engines * Tribological properties and applications of alumina Related internal links * Fundamentals of ceramics * Bayer process * Sol-Gel process * Methods of shape forming ceramic powders * Sintering of ceramics * Spark plasma sintering * Machining of ceramics * Ceramic properties and tests * Oxide ceramics * Non-oxide cera… text/html 2009-06-21T10:50:13-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=applications_of_graphite&amp;rev=1245595813 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Carbon materials Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Graphite properties determine the variety of the areas of its applications in industry, transport, energetics, defence, medicine, science, sport. The most important graphite properties: text/html 2009-12-18T07:31:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=argon&amp;rev=1261139511 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Gases Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * General information about argon * Extraction (isolation) of argon * Applications of argon * Properties of argon General information about argon Symbol: Ar Atomic Number: 18 Atomic Weight: 39.948 Electron Configuration: 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6 Classification: Non-metal Group: Noble gases Number of Protons/Electrons: 18 Isotops: Ar-36 (stable), Ar-37 (half-life… text/html 2008-05-17T03:43:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=argon_properties&amp;rev=1211010183 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Argon to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Argon Classification: Non-metal, Group: Noble gases, Symbol: Ar, Crystal structure: Cubic, Electron configuration: 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Atomic radius 0.88 Å 0.88 Å Covalent radius 0.98 Å 0.98 Å Energy of first ionization 1521 kJ/mol 363.8 kcal/mol Energy of second ionizat… text/html 2010-05-30T18:46:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=basic_oxygen_furnace_bof&amp;rev=1275259596 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steel making Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) is a steel making furnace, in which molten pig iron and steel scrap convert into steel due to oxidizing action of oxygen blown into the melt under a basic slag. text/html 2009-02-02T13:07:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=basic_principles_of_heat_treatment&amp;rev=1233598072 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Basic processes in metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Heat treatment of a metal or alloy is a technological procedure, including controlled heating and cooling operations, conducted for the purpose of changing the alloy microstructure and resulting in achieving required properties. text/html 2009-05-03T09:13:14-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=basic_processes_in_metals&amp;rev=1241356394 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Solidification * Phase transformations and phase diagrams * Microsegregation * Basic principles of heat treatment * Spinodal decomposition * Plastic deformation Related internal links * Fundamentals of metals * Corrosion and oxidation * Metal properties and tests * Metallographic examination * Extractive metallurgy * Foundry technologies * Metal forming technologies * Heat treatment technologies * P… text/html 2010-12-01T08:38:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=bayer_process&amp;rev=1291210737 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Bayer process is the process of refining alumina from bauxite (aluminum ore containing 30-50% of hydrated aluminum oxide) by selective extraction of pure aluminum oxide dissolved in sodium hydroxide. Prior to the Bayer process bauxite is crushed and ground in mills to fine particles (max. size 0.06”/1.5mm). A hot solution of the recycled sodium hydroxide (caustic soda, NaOH) is then… text/html 2012-05-12T09:37:29-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=bearings_in_internal_combustion_engines&amp;rev=1336829849 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Internal combustion engine * Functions of bearings in internal combustion engines * Lubrication of the bearings in internal combustion engine text/html 2008-05-17T03:37:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=benzene&amp;rev=1211009832 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydrocarbon solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Aromatic solvent Benzene Chemical formula: C6H6 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 59°F (15°C) 0.879 *10³ kg/m³ 54.9 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 0.65 cP 4.36*10-4 lb/ft·s Vapor pressure at 77°F (25°C) 75 torr 75 torr Boiling point 80.1 ºC 176.2 ºF Melti… text/html 2008-05-17T03:24:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=biodegradable_hydraulic_oil_sae_10w&amp;rev=1211009047 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydraulic oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Biodegradable hydraulic oil SAE 10W (ISO VG 46) Synthetic Ester based hydraulic oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.921 *10³ kg/m³ 57.5 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 48.7 cSt 48.7 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 8.7 cSt 8.7 cSt Viscosit… text/html 2008-05-17T03:29:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=biodegradable_way_lubricant_iso_220&amp;rev=1211009347 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Way lubricants to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Biodegradable way lubricant ISO 220 Vegetable seed oil based Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 207 cSt 207 cSt Flash point 218 ºC 425 ºF Related internal links * Way lubricant ISO 32 * Way lubricant ISO 68 * Synthetic way lubricant ISO 100 * Way lubrican… text/html 2009-06-25T10:22:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=biodegradation_of_oils&amp;rev=1245939777 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Biodegradation is a process of chemical breakdown or transformation of a substance caused by micro-organisms (bacteria, fungi) or their enzymes. There are two extents of biodegradation of a substance: text/html 2012-04-14T07:21:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=black_copper_oxide_coating&amp;rev=1334402469 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Black copper oxide is a conversion coating of cupric oxide (CuO) formed on the surface of a copper alloy as a result of a chemical reaction of copper atoms with an oxidizing agent (air, salts). Conversion coating is a film of a chemical compound formed in the reaction of the substrate substance with another substance. This reaction distinguishes conversion coa… text/html 2012-04-14T07:20:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=black_oxide_coating&amp;rev=1334402450 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Black oxide is a conversion oxide coating formed on the metal surface as a result of a chemical reaction of the metal atoms with an oxidizing agent (air, aqueous solution, molten salts). Conversion coating is a film of a chemical compound formed in the reaction of the substrate substance with another substance. This reaction distinguishes conversion coating fr… text/html 2009-04-01T05:55:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=blow_molding&amp;rev=1238579750 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Methods of polymers fabrication Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Blow Molding is a process in which a heated hollow thermoplastic tube (parison) is inflated into a closed mold conforming the shape of the mold cavity. text/html 2009-06-25T10:12:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=boron_nitride_as_solid_lubricant&amp;rev=1245939161 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Boron nitride may exist in two forms of crystal lattice: cubic and hexagonal. Due to its tight diamond-like structure cubic boron nitride is extremely hard. It has poor lubrication properties and is used in cutting and abrasive tools as a diamond substitute. Hexagonal boron nitride (HBN) is a solid lubricant relating to the class of Inorganic lubricants with lamellar s… text/html 2010-10-08T11:19:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=brazing&amp;rev=1286551190 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Brazing is a method of joining two metal work pieces by means of a filler material at a temperature above its melting point but below the melting point of either of the materials being joined. Flow of the molten filler material into the gap between the work pieces is driven by the capillary force. The filler material cools down … text/html 2012-02-11T12:06:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=brownian_motion_and_diffusion_in_colloids&amp;rev=1328979976 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Dispersions Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Brownian motion is the seemingly random movement of particles suspended in a dispersion media caused by collision with its molecules. Due to Brownian motion the colloidal particles are capable to move (diffuse) from the regions with higher concentration to the regions with lower concentration of the dispersed phase. The diffusion flux according to the First Fick’s law… text/html 2010-12-01T08:47:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbide_ceramics&amp;rev=1291211229 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Non-oxide ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The most important carbide ceramic is Silicon Carbide (SiC). Silicon Carbide materials are produced by in either porous or dense form and by using different technological methods: text/html 2008-09-14T09:30:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon-carbon_composite_3d_structure&amp;rev=1221399016 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Carbon-Carbon Composite (3D structure) Composition: carbon matrix + 3D oriented carbon fibers Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.8 *10³ kg/m³ 112 lb/ft³ Flexural strength (Z direction) 96 MPa 13900 psi Flexural strength (X-Y direction) 38 MPa 5500 psi … text/html 2008-09-14T09:29:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon-carbon_composite_bi-directional_fibers&amp;rev=1221398978 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Carbon-Carbon Composite (bi-directional fibers/cloth) Composition: carbon matrix + cloth of carbon fibers Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.49 *10³ kg/m³ 93 lb/ft³ Flexural strength (perpendicular to fibers) 170 MPa 24600 psi Compressive strength (parallel to … text/html 2008-09-14T09:28:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon-carbon_composite_randomly_oriented_fibers&amp;rev=1221398881 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Carbon-Carbon Composite (randomly oriented fibers) Composition: carbon matrix + 40% carbon fibers Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.7 *10³ kg/m³ 106 lb/ft³ Flexural strength 250 MPa 36300 psi Fracture modulus of elasticity 50 GPa 7250 ksi Tensile streng… text/html 2008-09-14T09:28:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon-carbon_composite_uni-directional_fibers&amp;rev=1221398931 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Carbon-Carbon Composite (uni-directional fibers) Composition: carbon matrix + carbon fibers Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Modulus of elasticity 135 GPa 19600 psi Tensile strength 650 MPa 94300 psi Compressive strength 650 MPa 94300 psi Fracture energy 1.7 kJ… text/html 2010-07-03T11:14:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon-carbon_composites&amp;rev=1278170070 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Carbon-Carbon Composites are composite materials consisting of a carbon matrix reinforced by carbon fibers. * Structure of Carbon-Carbon Composites * Fabrication of Carbon-Carbon Composites by Liquid Phase Infiltration process * Fabrication of Carbon-Carbon Composites by Chemical Vapor Deposition process * Properties of Carbon-Carbon Composites * Oxi… text/html 2009-02-14T10:44:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_arc_welding&amp;rev=1234626293 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Carbon Arc Welding (CAW) is a welding process, in which heat is generated by an electric arc struck between an carbon electrode and the work piece. The arc heats and melts the work pieces edges, forming a joint. Carbon arc welding is the oldest welding process. If required, filler rod may be used in Carbon Arc Welding. End o… text/html 2009-04-30T09:07:29-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_fiber_reinforced_polymer_composites&amp;rev=1241096849 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Polymer Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is a Polymer Matrix Composite material reinforced by carbon fibers. The reinforcing dispersed phase may be in form of either continuous or discontinuous carbon fibers of diameter about 0.0004” (10 mkm) commonly woven into a cloth. text/html 2008-05-17T02:54:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_foam&amp;rev=1211007267 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Carbon foam Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Bulk density 160 kg/m³ 10 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 0.5 GPa 725 ksi Compressive strength 5.5 MPa 800 psi Flexural strength 1.7 MPa 250 psi Thermal expansion 2.3*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 1.3*10-6 … text/html 2010-07-31T06:31:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_materials&amp;rev=1280572298 Discuss the subject and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics * Classification of carbon materials * Graphite * Graphite manufacturing process * Machining graphite and carbon * Applications of graphite * Graphite molds for continuous casting text/html 2008-05-16T13:07:20-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_steel_sae_1006&amp;rev=1210957640 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 1006 Chemical composition: C=0.08% max, Mn=0.35% max, P=0.04% max, S=0.05% max Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.00*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat cap… text/html 2008-05-16T13:07:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_steel_sae_1010&amp;rev=1210957670 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 1010 Chemical composition: C=0.10%, Mn=0.45%, P=0.04% max, S=0.05% max Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.00*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 448… text/html 2008-05-16T13:08:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_steel_sae_1020&amp;rev=1210957697 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 1020 Chemical composition: C=0.20%, Mn=0.45%, P=0.04% max, S=0.05% max Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 11.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.61*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 48… text/html 2008-05-16T13:08:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_steel_sae_1030&amp;rev=1210957720 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 1030 Chemical composition: C=0.30%, Mn=0.75%, P=0.04% max, S=0.05% max Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 11.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.5*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 486… text/html 2008-05-16T13:09:02-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_steel_sae_1045&amp;rev=1210957742 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 1045 Chemical composition: C=0.45%, Mn=0.75%, P=0.04% max, S=0.05% max Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 201 GPa 29100 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 11.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.5*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 486… text/html 2008-05-16T13:09:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_steel_sae_1070&amp;rev=1210957764 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 1070 Chemical composition: C=0.70%, Mn=0.75%, P=0.04% max, S=0.05% max Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 201 GPa 29200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.72*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 49… text/html 2008-05-16T13:09:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_steel_sae_1090&amp;rev=1210957785 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 1090 Chemical composition: C=0.90%, Mn=0.75%, P=0.04% max, S=0.05% max Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 202 GPa 29300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 11.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.39*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 47… text/html 2008-05-16T13:10:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_steel_sae_1117&amp;rev=1210957812 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 1117 (free cutting) Chemical composition: C=0.17%, Mn=1.20%, P=0.04% max, S=0.08%-0.13% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 11.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.39*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific h… text/html 2008-05-16T13:10:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_steel_sae_1547&amp;rev=1210957835 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) SAE 1547 Chemical composition: C=0.47%, Mn=1.50%, P=0.04% max, S=0.05% max. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.872 *10³ kg/m³ 491.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 11.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.39*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 4… text/html 2011-03-19T13:25:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_steels&amp;rev=1300555555 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steels and cast irons Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Carbon steels are iron-carbon alloys containing up to 2.06% of carbon, up to 1.65% of manganese, up to 0.5% of silicon and sulfur and phosphorus as impurities. text/html 2008-05-17T03:39:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=carbon_tetrachloride&amp;rev=1211009943 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Chlorinated solvent Carbon tetrachloride Chemical formula: CCl4 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 1.58*10³ kg/m³ 98.6 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 0.97 cP 6.52*10-4 lb/ft·s Surface tension at 68°F (20°C) 0.027 N/m 1.54*10-4 lbf/in Vapor pressure at 68°… text/html 2010-10-08T11:08:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=case_hardening&amp;rev=1286550529 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Heat treatment technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Case hardening is the diffusion heat treatment operation which involves two stages: * Heating a steel part to a temperature above the upper critical temperature in a medium, containing an element capable to saturate the surface layer of the part through diffusion; text/html 2008-05-16T13:47:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_201.0&amp;rev=1210960021 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 201.0 Chemical composition: Cu=4.6%, Mn=0.35, Mg=0.35%, Ti=0.25%, Ag=0.7%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.80 *10³ kg/m³ 175 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 34.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 19.3*10-6 in/(i… text/html 2008-05-16T13:47:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_208.0&amp;rev=1210960043 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 208.0 Chemical composition: Si=3.0%, Cu=4.0%, Al balance, permanent mold casting Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.79 *10³ kg/m³ 174 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 22.3*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF)… text/html 2008-05-16T13:47:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_222.0&amp;rev=1210960068 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 222.0 Chemical composition: Cu=10.0%, Mg=0.20%, Al balance, sand casting Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.95 *10³ kg/m³ 184 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 22.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.3*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specif… text/html 2008-05-16T13:48:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_333.0&amp;rev=1210960091 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 333.0 Chemical composition: Si=9.0%, Cu=3.5%, Mg=0.28%, Al balance, permanent mold casting Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.77 *10³ kg/m³ 173 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 73 GPa 10600 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 20.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.4*10-6 in… text/html 2008-05-16T13:48:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_356.0&amp;rev=1210960116 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 356.0 Chemical composition: Si=7%, Mg=0.33%, Al balance, permanent mold casting Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.68 *10³ kg/m³ 167 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 72 GPa 10500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 21.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.9*10-6 in/(in* ºF) … text/html 2008-05-16T13:49:02-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_413.0&amp;rev=1210960142 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 413.0 Chemical composition: Si=12%, Al balance, die casting Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.66 *10³ kg/m³ 166 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 20.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.3*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capac… text/html 2008-05-16T13:49:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_443.0&amp;rev=1210960163 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 443.0 Chemical composition: Si=5.3%, Al balance, permanent mold casting Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.69 *10³ kg/m³ 168 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 22.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.3*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specifi… text/html 2008-05-16T13:49:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_514.0&amp;rev=1210960186 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 514.0 Chemical composition: Mg=4.0%, Al balance, sand casting Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.65 *10³ kg/m³ 165 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 24.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat cap… text/html 2008-05-16T13:50:13-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_518.0&amp;rev=1210960213 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 518.0 Chemical composition: Mg=8.0%, Al balance, permanent mold casting Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.57 *10³ kg/m³ 160 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 24.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specifi… text/html 2008-05-16T13:50:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_705.0&amp;rev=1210960238 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 705.0 Chemical composition: Mn=0.5%, Mg=1.6%, Zn=3.0%, Al balance, sand casting Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.76 *10³ kg/m³ 172 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.1*10-6 in/(in* ºF) … text/html 2008-05-16T13:51:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_713.0&amp;rev=1210960264 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 713.0 Chemical composition: Cu=0.7%, Mg=0.35%, Zn=7.5%, Al balance, sand casting Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.81 *10³ kg/m³ 175 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 24.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF)… text/html 2009-01-23T07:54:13-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloy_852.0&amp;rev=1232715253 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast aluminum alloy 852.0 Chemical composition: Cu=2%, Mg=0.75%, Ni=1.2%, Sn=6.25%, Al balance, die casting Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.88 *10³ kg/m³ 180 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.9*10-6 in/(i… text/html 2010-12-25T10:41:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_alloys&amp;rev=1293291699 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Properties of aluminum and its alloys favorable for casting applications * Disadvantages of aluminum castings * Classification of cast aluminum alloys * Characterization of aluminum alloys * Chemical compositions of some cast aluminum alloys * Properties of some cast aluminum alloys text/html 2009-02-28T06:58:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_aluminum_bronzes&amp;rev=1235822292 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Cast Aluminum Bronzes are copper alloys, containing 7-13% of aluminum (Al) and 2-4.5% of iron as the major alloying elements. Cast Aluminum Bronzes are designated with the numbers from C95000 through C95999. text/html 2009-02-28T06:54:14-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_brasses&amp;rev=1235822054 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Red Brasses and Leaded Red Brasses are copper alloys, containing 2-15% of zinc (Zn) as the major alloying element and up to 5% of tin (Sn) and up to 8% of lead (Pb) as additional alloying elements. Cast Red Brasses and cast Leaded Red Brasses (Ounce Metal, Valve Metal, Plumbing Goods Brass) are designated with the numbers fr… text/html 2009-06-12T11:32:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper-lead_alloys&amp;rev=1244820751 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Cast Copper-Lead Alloys (Leaded Coppers) are copper alloys, containing 24-51% of lead (Pb) as the major alloying element. Cast Copper-Lead alloys are designated with the numbers from C98000 through C98999. text/html 2009-02-28T06:59:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper-nickel_alloys_and_nickel_silvers&amp;rev=1235822365 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Cast Copper-Nickel Alloys (Copper-Nickels, Cupro-Nickels) are copper alloys, containing 9-31% of nickel (Ni) as the major alloying element. Cast Copper-Nickel alloys are designated with the numbers from C96000 through C96999. text/html 2008-05-16T14:22:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c81500_chromium_copper&amp;rev=1210962177 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast Coppers and high copper alloys to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C81500 (Chromium Copper) Chemical composition: Cr=1.0%, Cu = 99.0% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.82 *10³ kg/m³ 551 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 111 GPa 16000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.5*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Spe… text/html 2008-05-16T14:23:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c82700_beryllium_copper&amp;rev=1210962195 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast Coppers and high copper alloys to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C82700 (Beryllium Copper) Chemical composition: Be=2.45%, Ni=1.25%, Cu = 96.3% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.08 *10³ kg/m³ 504 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 132 GPa 19100 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.4*10-6 in/(i… text/html 2008-05-16T14:23:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c83600_ounce_metal&amp;rev=1210962219 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C83600 (Ounce Metal) Chemical composition: Zn=5%, Pb=5%, Sn=5%, Cu=85% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.83 *10³ kg/m³ 551 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 93.1 GPa 13500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.0*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capaci… text/html 2008-05-16T14:23:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c84400_valve_metal&amp;rev=1210962236 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C84400 (Valve Metal) Chemical composition: Zn=9%, Pb=7%, Sn=3%, Cu=81% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.69 *10³ kg/m³ 542 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 89.6 GPa 13000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.0*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capaci… text/html 2008-05-16T14:24:14-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c84800_plumbing_goods_brass&amp;rev=1210962254 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C84800 (Plumbing Goods Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=15%, Pb=6.8%, Sn=2.5%, Cu=76% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.58 *10³ kg/m³ 536 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.0*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specifi… text/html 2008-05-16T14:24:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c85200_leaded_yellow_brass&amp;rev=1210962274 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C85200 (Leaded Yellow Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=23.5%, Pb=3.0%, Sn=1.4%, Cu=72% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.50 *10³ kg/m³ 531 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 75.8 GPa 11000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 20.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.5*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Spec… text/html 2008-05-16T14:24:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c85400_no.1_yellow_brass&amp;rev=1210962296 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C85400 (No.1 Yellow Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=29.0%, Pb=3.0%, Sn=1.0%, Cu=67% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.44 *10³ kg/m³ 527 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 82.7 GPa 12000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 20.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.1*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specif… text/html 2008-05-16T14:25:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c85500_yellow_brass&amp;rev=1210962324 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C85500 (Yellow Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=41.0%, Cu=69% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.41 *10³ kg/m³ 525 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 21.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.8*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 377 … text/html 2008-05-16T14:25:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c86100_manganese_bronze&amp;rev=1210962351 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast manganese bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C86100 (Manganese Bronze) Chemical composition: Zn=21%, Mn=3.8%, Fe=3%, Al=5%, Cu=67% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.97 *10³ kg/m³ 498 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 21.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.0*10-6 in/(in* º… text/html 2008-05-16T14:26:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c86200_manganese_bronze&amp;rev=1210962372 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast manganese bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C86200 (Manganese Bronze) Chemical composition: Zn=25%, Mn=3.7%, Fe=3%, Al=4%, Cu=63% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.97 *10³ kg/m³ 498 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 21.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.0*10-6 in/(in* º… text/html 2008-05-16T14:26:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c86500_manganese_bronze&amp;rev=1210962390 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast manganese bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C86500 (Manganese Bronze) Chemical composition: Zn=39%, Mn=0.8%, Fe=1.2%, Al=1%, Cu=58% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.33 *10³ kg/m³ 520 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 20.3*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.3*10-6 in/(in* … text/html 2008-05-16T14:26:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c86700_manganese_bronze&amp;rev=1210962414 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast manganese bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C86700 (Manganese Bronze) Chemical composition: Zn=39%, Mn=1.8%, Fe=2.0%, Al=2.0%, Pb=1.0%, Cu=58% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.33 *10³ kg/m³ 520 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 19.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.0*10-6… text/html 2008-05-16T14:27:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c87400_silicon_bronze_silicon_brass&amp;rev=1210962443 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast silicon bronzes and silicon brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C87400 (Silicon Bronze/Silicon Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=14%, Si=3.2%, Cu=82.8% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.30 *10³ kg/m³ 518 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 106 GPa 15400 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 19.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.9… text/html 2008-05-16T14:27:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c87500_silicon_bronze_silicon_brass&amp;rev=1210962461 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast silicon bronzes and silicon brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C87500 (Silicon Bronze/Silicon Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=14%, Si=4.0%, Cu=82% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.28 *10³ kg/m³ 517 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 106 GPa 15400 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 19.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.9*1… text/html 2008-05-16T14:27:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c87600_silicon_bronze_silicon_brass&amp;rev=1210962479 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast silicon bronzes and silicon brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C87600 (Silicon Bronze/Silicon Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=5.5%, Si=4.5%, Cu=90% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.30 *10³ kg/m³ 518 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Specific heat capacity 377 J/(kg*K) 0.090 BTU/(l… text/html 2008-05-16T14:28:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c87850_silicon_bronze_silicon_brass&amp;rev=1210962503 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast silicon bronzes and silicon brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C87850 (Silicon Bronze/Silicon Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=20.9%, Si=3.0%, P=0.12%, Cu=76% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.30 *10³ kg/m³ 518 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 105 GPa 15200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.5*10-6 ºCˉ… text/html 2008-05-16T14:29:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c90300_tin_bronze&amp;rev=1210962544 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast tin bronzes and leaded tin bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C90300 (Tin Bronze) Chemical composition: Sn=8.3%, Zn=4.0%, Cu=87.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.80 *10³ kg/m³ 549 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 96.5 GPa 14000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.0*10-6 in/(in* �… text/html 2008-05-16T14:29:26-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c90500_gun_metal&amp;rev=1210962566 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast tin bronzes and leaded tin bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C90500 (Gun Metal) Chemical composition: Sn=10.0%, Zn=2.0%, Cu=88% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.72 *10³ kg/m³ 544 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 19.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.0*10-6 in/(in* ºF)… text/html 2008-05-16T14:29:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c90700_tin_bronze_65&amp;rev=1210962585 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast tin bronzes and leaded tin bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C90700 (Tin Bronze, 65) Chemical composition: Sn=11.0%, Cu=89% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.77 *10³ kg/m³ 547 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.2*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Sp… text/html 2008-05-16T14:30:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c91700_nickel_gear_bronze&amp;rev=1210962616 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast tin bronzes and leaded tin bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C91700 (Nickel Gear Bronze) Chemical composition: Sn=11.9%, Ni=1.6%, Cu=86.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.75 *10³ kg/m³ 546 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.0*10-6 in… text/html 2008-05-16T14:30:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c92200_naval_m_bronze&amp;rev=1210962635 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast tin bronzes and leaded tin bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C92200 (Naval M Bronze) Chemical composition: Sn=6.0%, Pb=1.5%, Zn=4.5%, Cu=88% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.64 *10³ kg/m³ 539 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 96.5 GPa 14000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.0*10-6 … text/html 2009-01-18T16:35:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c92700_leaded_tin_bronze&amp;rev=1232314550 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast tin bronzes and leaded tin bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C92700 (Leaded Tin Bronze) Chemical composition: Sn=10.0%, Pb=1.8%, Cu=88.2% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.78 *10³ kg/m³ 548 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 110 GPa 16000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.0*10-6 in… text/html 2009-01-18T16:36:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c93700_bearing_bronze&amp;rev=1232314592 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast tin bronzes and leaded tin bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C93700 (Bearing Bronze) Chemical composition: Sn=10.0%, Pb=9.5%, Cu=80% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.86 *10³ kg/m³ 553 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 75.8 GPa 11000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.3*10-6 in/(in… text/html 2008-05-16T14:31:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c93800_anti-acid_metal&amp;rev=1210962698 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast tin bronzes and leaded tin bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C93800 (Anti-Acid Metal) Chemical composition: Sn=6.9%, Pb=14.5%, Cu=78.6% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 9.25 *10³ kg/m³ 577 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 72.4 GPa 10500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.3*10-6 in/(… text/html 2008-05-16T14:32:08-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c94300_soft_bronze&amp;rev=1210962728 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast tin bronzes and leaded tin bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C94300 (Soft Bronze) Chemical composition: Sn=5.3%, Pb=25.0%, Cu=69.7% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 9.30 *10³ kg/m³ 581 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 72.4 GPa 10500 ksi Specific heat capacity 377 J/(kg*K) 0.090 BTU/(lb*ºF) Therma… text/html 2008-05-16T14:32:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c95200_aluminum_bronze&amp;rev=1210962755 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C95200 (Aluminum Bronze) Chemical composition: Al=9.0%, Fe=3.3%, Cu=87.7% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.64 *10³ kg/m³ 477 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.0*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific … text/html 2008-05-16T14:32:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c95500_aluminum_bronze&amp;rev=1210962775 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C95500 (Aluminum Bronze) Chemical composition: Al=11.0%, Fe=4.0%, Ni=4.3%, Cu=81.7% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.53 *10³ kg/m³ 470 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 110 GPa 16000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.0*10-6 in/(in* ºF) … text/html 2008-05-16T14:33:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c95600_aluminum_bronze&amp;rev=1210962796 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C95600 (Aluminum Bronze) Chemical composition: Al=7.0%, Si=2.5%, Cu=91.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.70 *10³ kg/m³ 481 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.2*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific h… text/html 2008-05-16T14:33:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c95700_aluminum_bronze&amp;rev=1210962819 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C95700 (Aluminum Bronze) Chemical composition: Al=7.5%, Fe=3.0%, Ni=2.3%, Mn=12.5%, Cu=75.7% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.53 *10³ kg/m³ 470 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 124 GPa 18000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.8*10-6 in/(i… text/html 2008-05-16T14:33:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c95800_aluminum_bronze&amp;rev=1210962839 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast aluminum bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C95800 (Aluminum Bronze) Chemical composition: Al=9.0%, Fe=4.0%, Ni=4.5%, Mn=1.0%, Cu=81.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.64 *10³ kg/m³ 477 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 114 GPa 16500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.0*10-6 in/(in… text/html 2008-05-16T14:34:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c96300_copper-nickel&amp;rev=1210962871 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C96300 (Copper-Nickel) Chemical composition: Ni=20%, Fe=1.0%,Mn=0.9%, Nb=1.0%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94 *10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 138 GPa 20000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.4*10-6 ºCˉ�… text/html 2008-05-16T14:34:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c96400_70-30_copper-nickel&amp;rev=1210962892 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C96400 (70-30 Copper-Nickel) Chemical composition: Ni=30%, Fe=0.9%, Nb=1.0%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94 *10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 145 GPa 21000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹… text/html 2008-05-16T14:21:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c96900_spinodal_bronze_toughmet3_cx&amp;rev=1210962107 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Spinodal Bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Spinodal Bronze ToughMet3 CX Chemical composition: Ni=15.0%, Sn=8.0%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94*10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 128 GPa 18500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.1*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 37… text/html 2008-05-16T14:21:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c96970_spinodal_bronze_toughmet2_cx&amp;rev=1210962087 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Spinodal Bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Spinodal Bronze ToughMet2 CX Chemical composition: Ni=9.0%, Sn=6.0%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.91*10³ kg/m³ 556 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.3*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 381… text/html 2008-05-16T14:35:13-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c97300_nickel-silver_12_ni&amp;rev=1210962913 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C97300 (Nickel-Silver 12% Ni) Chemical composition: Ni=12.5%, Zn=21%, Sn=2.3%, Pb=9.5% Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.89 *10³ kg/m³ 555 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 110 GPa 16000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 … text/html 2008-05-16T14:35:37-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c97600_nickel-silver_20_ni&amp;rev=1210962937 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C97600 (Nickel-Silver 20% Ni) Chemical composition: Ni=20.3%, Zn=6.0%, Sn=4.0%, Pb=4.0% Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.89 *10³ kg/m³ 555 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 131 GPa 19000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.7*10-6… text/html 2008-05-16T14:36:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_alloy_c97800_nickel-silver_25_ni&amp;rev=1210962964 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C97800 (Nickel-Silver 25% Ni) Chemical composition: Ni=25.5%, Zn=2.5%, Sn=4.8%, Pb=1.8% Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.86 *10³ kg/m³ 553 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 131 GPa 19000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.5*10-6… text/html 2008-05-16T14:22:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_c80100_copper&amp;rev=1210962137 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast Coppers and high copper alloys to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper C80100 (Copper) Chemical composition: Cu = 99.95% min Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94 *10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity… text/html 2008-05-16T14:22:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_c80410_copper&amp;rev=1210962155 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast Coppers and high copper alloys to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper C80410 (Copper) Chemical composition: Cu = 99.9% min Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94 *10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity … text/html 2008-05-16T14:36:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_special_alloy_c99300_incramet_800&amp;rev=1210963005 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast copper special alloys to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C99300 (Incramet 800) Chemical composition: Ni=15%, Fe=0.7%, Al=11.1%, Co=1.5%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.61 *10³ kg/m³ 475 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 124 GPa 18000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.2*10-6 in… text/html 2008-05-16T14:37:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_special_alloy_c99400_non-dezincification_alloy&amp;rev=1210963027 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast copper special alloys to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C99400 (Non-Dezincification Alloy) Chemical composition: Ni=2.3%, Fe=2.0%, Al=1.3%, Si=1.3%, Zn=2.8%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.3 *10³ kg/m³ 518 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 133 GPa 19300 ksi Electric resistivity 14.3*10-8 Ohm*m … text/html 2008-05-16T14:37:28-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_special_alloy_c99700_white_manganese_brass&amp;rev=1210963048 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast copper special alloys to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast copper alloy C99700 (White Manganese Brass) Chemical composition: Ni=5.0%, Mn=13%, Al=1.8%, Zn=22%, Pb=1.5%, Cu=56.7% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.19 *10³ kg/m³ 511 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 114 GPa 16500 ksi Electric resistivity 58.8*10-8 Ohm*m 58.8*10… text/html 2008-05-16T14:37:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_special_alloy_c99750&amp;rev=1210963069 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast copper special alloys to Properties of copper alloys Cast copper special alloy C99750 Chemical composition: Mn=20%, Al=1.6%, Zn=20%, Pb=1.5%, Cu=57% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.03 *10³ kg/m³ 501 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 24.3*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.5*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 377 J/(kg*K) 0… text/html 2009-02-28T07:00:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_copper_special_alloys&amp;rev=1235822457 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Several cast copper alloys, which were developed for specific applications, fall into no group of copper alloys. These alloys are united into a separate group called Special Alloys. text/html 2009-02-28T06:53:43-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_coppers_and_high_copper_alloys&amp;rev=1235822023 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Coppers are copper alloys, containing not less than 99.3% of copper. Cast coppers are designated with the numbers from C80000 through C81399. text/html 2011-03-19T13:27:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_irons&amp;rev=1300555679 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steels and cast irons Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Cast irons – iron alloys containing between 2.06 to 4.3% of carbon. Cast irons are divided onto the following groups: text/html 2008-05-16T14:40:19-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_magnesium_alloy_am100a&amp;rev=1210963219 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast magnesium alloys to Properties of magnesium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast magnesium alloy AM100A Chemical composition: Al=10.0%,Mn = 0.1% min, Mg balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.83 *10³ kg/m³ 114 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 45 GPa 6530 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 25.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.9*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat c… text/html 2008-05-16T14:40:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_magnesium_alloy_az63a&amp;rev=1210963238 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast magnesium alloys to Properties of magnesium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast magnesium alloy AZ63A Chemical composition: Al=6.0%, Zn=3.0%, Mn = 0.15% min, Mg balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.83 *10³ kg/m³ 114 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 45 GPa 6530 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 26.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 14.5*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specif… text/html 2008-05-16T14:41:00-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_magnesium_alloy_ez33a&amp;rev=1210963260 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast magnesium alloys to Properties of magnesium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast magnesium alloy EZ33A Chemical composition: Nd=3.2%, Zn=2.6%, Zr = 0.7% min, Mg balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.80 *10³ kg/m³ 112 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 45 GPa 6530 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 26.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 14.7*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specifi… text/html 2008-05-16T14:41:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_magnesium_alloy_hk31a&amp;rev=1210963319 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast magnesium alloys to Properties of magnesium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast magnesium alloy HK31A Chemical composition: Th=3.25%, Zr = 0.7%, Mg balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.80 *10³ kg/m³ 112 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 45 GPa 6530 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 26.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 14.9*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capac… text/html 2008-05-16T14:41:29-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_magnesium_alloy_zk51a&amp;rev=1210963289 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast magnesium alloys to Properties of magnesium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Cast magnesium alloy ZK51A Chemical composition: Zn=4.5%, Zr = 0.7% min, Mg balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.83 *10³ kg/m³ 114 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 45 GPa 6530 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 26.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 14.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat ca… text/html 2009-02-28T07:03:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_magnesium_alloys&amp;rev=1235822603 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Magnesium alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Cast magnesium alloys are manufactured by Die casting, Permanent mold casting and Sand casting methods. Mechanical properties (particularly ductility) of cast magnesium alloys are lower, than those of wrought alloys. text/html 2009-02-28T06:55:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_manganese_bronzes&amp;rev=1235822103 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Manganese Bronzes are copper alloys, containing 25-38% of zinc (Zn) as the major alloying element and 0.8-4.3% of manganese (Mn), 1-3% of iron (Fe) and up to 6.8% of aluminum (Al) as additional alloying elements. Manganese Bronzes are designated with the numbers from C86100 through C86800. text/html 2009-02-28T06:55:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_silicon_bronzes_and_silicon_brasses&amp;rev=1235822154 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Cast Silicon Bronzes (Silicon Brasses) are copper alloys, containing 3.0-4.5% of silicon (Si) and up to 20% of zinc (Zn) as major alloying elements. Cast Silicon Bronzes are designated with the numbers from C87000 through C87999. text/html 2009-02-28T06:57:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cast_tin_bronzes_and_leaded_tin_bronzes&amp;rev=1235822223 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Tin Bronzes are copper alloys, containing 7-19% of tin (Sn) as the major alloying element. Cast Tin Bronzes (Tin Bronze, Gun Metal, Tin Bronze 65, Nickel Gear Bronze) are designated with the numbers from C90000 through C91999. text/html 2011-01-21T09:02:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=casting_properties&amp;rev=1295618565 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Foundry is a process of producing metal castings. Casting is an operation of shaping metal by pouring it in the liquid state into a mold followed by solidification. Casting is also a metal detail, produced as a result of pouring a metal into a mold. In some cases casting is the only method of shaping a metal or alloy: when the alloy is not malleable and there… text/html 2009-05-16T06:34:20-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cathodic_protection&amp;rev=1242470060 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Cathodic protection is the method of corrosion control, which provides suppression of the metal oxidation due to electrons flowing to the metal from an external source. The external source of such electrons may be either DC power supply (impressed current cathodic protection) or sacrificial anode. Impressed current cathodic protection is widely used for p… text/html 2011-01-21T09:05:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=centrifugal_casting&amp;rev=1295618759 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Centrifugal casting is a method of casting parts having axial symmetry. The method involves pouring molten metal into a cylindrical mold spinning about its axis of symmetry. text/html 2011-10-17T14:56:22-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ceramic_bearings&amp;rev=1318877782 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Applications of ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Features of ceramic bearings * Hybrid ceramic bearings * Full ceramic bearings * Applications of ceramic bearings text/html 2011-09-02T06:02:19-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ceramic_matrix_composites&amp;rev=1314957739 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites * Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) * Classification of infiltration methods of ceramic composites fabrication * Reinforcing fibers for ceramic composites * Interphases * Fabrication of Ceramic Matrix Composites by Polymer Infiltration and Pyrolysis (PIP) * Fabrication of Ceramic Matrix Composites by Chemical Vapor Infiltration (CVI) * Fabrication of Ceramic Matrix Composites by Liquid phase Infiltr… text/html 2011-06-18T06:12:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ceramic_matrix_composites_introduction&amp;rev=1308391959 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the classification of composite materials: Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) is a material consisting of a ceramic matrix combined with a ceramic (oxides, carbides) dispersed phase. text/html 2010-12-01T08:42:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ceramic_properties_and_tests&amp;rev=1291210938 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics * Flexural strength tests of ceramics * Fracture toughness tests of ceramics * Hardness tests of ceramics * Thermal properties of ceramics * Electrical properties of ceramics text/html 2011-03-26T10:34:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ceramics&amp;rev=1301150086 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Engineering * Fundamentals of ceramics * Bayer process * Sol-Gel process * Methods of shape forming ceramic powders * Sintering of ceramics * Spark plasma sintering * Machining of ceramics * Ceramic properties and tests * Oxide ceramics * Non-oxide ceramics * Silicate ceramics * Carbon materials * Applications of ceramics text/html 2011-10-17T14:55:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ceramics_in_combustion_engines&amp;rev=1318877745 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Applications of ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Advantages of ceramics over metals * Theoretical aspects of application of ceramics in combustion engines * Current and potential applications of ceramics in combustion engines text/html 2009-02-03T16:41:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=chemical_composition_evaluation&amp;rev=1233697305 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal properties and tests Chemical Composition Evaluation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Spectrometry is an analytical technique used in chemistry for quantitative and qualitative analysis of substances by means studying the electromagnetic spectra either absorbing (absorbtion spectroscopy) or radiating (emission spectroscopy) by the substance. text/html 2008-05-17T03:39:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=chloroform&amp;rev=1211009980 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Chlorinated solvent Chloroform Chemical formula: CH-Cl3 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 1.49*10³ kg/m³ 93.0 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 0.57 cP 3.82*10-4 lb/ft·s Surface tension at 68°F (20°C) 0.026 N/m 1.48*10-4 lbf/in Vapor pressure at 68°F (20°C… text/html 2008-09-15T10:07:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=circulating_rust_protection_oil_iso_68&amp;rev=1221487666 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Rust protection oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Circulating rust protection oil ISO 68 Mineral based oil with volatile corrosion inhibitor Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.866 *10³ kg/m³ 54.1 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 68.3 cSt 68.3 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 8.6 cSt 8.6 … text/html 2009-07-17T09:49:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_adhesives&amp;rev=1247838582 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Adhesives Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Adhesives are classified by different classification systems: * General classification of adhesives (classification by structure) * Classification of adhesives by curing method * Classification of adhesives by origin text/html 2010-12-25T10:39:06-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_aluminum_alloys&amp;rev=1293291546 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Classification of aluminum alloys is established by the International Alloy Designation System (IADS), based on the classification developed by Aluminum Association of the United States. text/html 2011-12-24T11:05:58-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_carbon_materials&amp;rev=1324742758 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Carbon materials Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich General information about carbon Symbol: C Atomic Number: 6 Atomic Mass (average): 12.011 Electron Configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p2 text/html 2010-07-10T11:40:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_composites&amp;rev=1278776447 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Composite material is a material composed of two or more distinct phases (matrix phase and dispersed phase) and having bulk properties significantly different form those of any of the constituents. text/html 2010-10-08T06:57:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_copper_alloys&amp;rev=1286535454 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Classification of copper alloys is determined by the Unified Numbering System (UNS),developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) and the Copper Development Association (CDA). text/html 2012-02-11T12:05:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_dispersions&amp;rev=1328979915 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Dispersions Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Dispersion (dispersed system) is a mixtures of two substances, one of which (dispersed phase) is distributed in form of subdivided particles throughout another substance (continuous phase, dispersion medium). text/html 2012-04-22T03:11:29-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_infiltration_methods_of_ceramic_composites_fabrication&amp;rev=1335078689 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich All Infiltration technique incorporate the following stages of fabrication: * Fabrication of preform. A preform of the required shape is prepared by laying-up and molding the fiber reinforcing phase. * Deposition of Interphases. The fibers are coated with interphases during either the filament production or after the preform fabrication. * Infiltratio… text/html 2012-03-03T10:42:08-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_lubricants&amp;rev=1330789328 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Wide variety of lubricants may be arranged according to the following classification methods: * General classification of lubricants * Classification of lubricants by application * Classification of lubricants by additives text/html 2009-02-28T07:02:00-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_magnesium_alloys&amp;rev=1235822520 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Magnesium alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich There are three main groups of magnesium alloys (both wrought and cast): * Magnesium-Manganese Alloys. These alloys have good weldability and are used for manufacturing thin plates. text/html 2009-02-28T07:04:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_nickel_alloys&amp;rev=1235822681 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Nickel alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Nickel alloys are designated by various designation systems however the alloys are usually identified according to their trade names. text/html 2011-10-08T13:30:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_paints&amp;rev=1318095059 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Paints Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Paint is a coating applied to the surface in form of a liquid dispersion, which is then hardens forming a solid film. The functions of paints: text/html 2009-05-16T14:20:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_solvents&amp;rev=1242498038 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Solvents Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Solvent is a liquid substance capable to dissolve other substances (solutes) without chemical changes. * Molecular structure of solvents * Inorganic solvents * Organic solvents text/html 2011-03-19T13:25:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_steels_and_cast_irons&amp;rev=1300555532 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steels and cast irons Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Classification of steels by composition * Classification of steels by application * Classification of cast irons text/html 2009-02-28T07:10:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_titanium_alloys&amp;rev=1235823046 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Titanium alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich There are two crystallographic forms of titanium: * α-titanium, in which atoms are arranged in Hexagonal Closest Packing (HCP) crystal lattice; text/html 2009-02-14T09:52:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_welding_processes&amp;rev=1234623168 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Welding is a process of joining two metal pieces as a result of significant diffusion of the atoms of the welded pieces into the joint (weld) region. Welding is carried out by heating the joined pieces to melting point and fusing them together (with or without filler material) or by applying pressure to the pieces in cold or hea… text/html 2009-05-16T12:24:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=closed_mold_fabrication_of_polymer_matrix_composites&amp;rev=1242491099 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Polymer Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Closed Mold methods are used when mass production of identical parts with both smooth surfaces is required. Closed Molding methods are used for fabrication of Fiberglasses, Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites and Kevlar (aramid) fiber reinforced polymers. text/html 2012-02-11T12:07:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=coagulation_of_colloids&amp;rev=1328980076 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Dispersions Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Coagulation is the destabilization of Colloids by neutralizing the electric charge of the dispersed phase particles, which results in aggregation of the colloidal particles. Aggregation is a formation of groups of particles (aggregates) bonded to each other by van der Waals or other intermolecular forces. Aggregation usually refers to solid particles. If a coagulation of… text/html 2008-05-17T02:52:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=coarse_grade_extruded_graphite&amp;rev=1211007129 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Coarse grade extruded graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.55*10³ kg/m³ 96.8 lb/ft³ Grain size 6.35 mm 0.25 inch Flexural strength 8.3 MPa 1200 psi Electric resistivity 7.6*10-6 Ohm*m 7.6*10-4 Ohm*cm Applications: kiln … text/html 2012-04-14T07:14:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=coating_technologies-introduction&amp;rev=1334402088 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Coating is a layer of a substance applied to the substrate surface. Coating is also a process of applying a layer to the substrate surface. Coating material is different from the substrate material and it permits achieving special surface properties of the part without changing its bulk properties. text/html 2012-04-14T07:13:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=coating_technologies&amp;rev=1334402004 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Coating technologies - introduction * Surface preparation * Alkaline cleaning * Electroplating * Diffusion layer * Electroplating alloys * Electrolytic co-deposition * Nickel electroplating * Hard chromium electroplating * Decorative chromium electroplating * Tin alloy electroplating * Silver plating * Copper plating * Anodizing * Black oxide coating * Black copper oxide coating * Phosphate coating … text/html 2008-05-17T03:33:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cold_rolled_steel_rust_protection_oil_iso_22&amp;rev=1211009598 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Rust protection oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Cold rolled steel rust protection oil ISO 22 Mineral based oil with corrosion inhibitor Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.880 *10³ kg/m³ 54.9 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 20.5 cSt 20.5 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 4.0 cSt 4.0 cSt… text/html 2012-02-11T12:05:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=colloids&amp;rev=1328979940 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Dispersions Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Colloids are micro-heterogeneous dispersed systems, in which the size of the dispersed phase particles is within the range 1 - 1000 nm (4*10-8 - 4*10-5 inch). The colloids phases (dispersion medium and dispersed phase) can not be separated under gravity, centrifugal or other forces. Dispersed phase of colloids may be separated from the dispersion medium by micro-filtratio… text/html 2009-02-28T07:11:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=commercially_pure_and_low_alloyed_titanium_alloys&amp;rev=1235823112 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Titanium alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Commercially Pure and Low Alloyed Titanium alloys consist of grains of α-phase and dispersed spheroid particles of β-phase. Small amounts of iron (Fe), present in the alloys, stabilize β-phase. text/html 2008-05-16T14:42:33-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=commercially_pure_nickel_200&amp;rev=1210963353 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Commercially pure nickel alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Commercially pure nickel 200 Chemical composition: Ni=99% min. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.89 *10³ kg/m³ 555 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 207 GPa 30000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 13.3*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 456… text/html 2008-05-16T14:42:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=commercially_pure_nickel_270_high_purity_nickel&amp;rev=1210963375 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Commercially pure nickel alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Commercially pure nickel 270 (high purity nickel) Chemical composition: Ni =99.9% min. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.89 *10³ kg/m³ 555 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 207 GPa 30000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 13.3*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Spec… text/html 2008-05-16T14:43:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=commercially_pure_nickel_301&amp;rev=1210963396 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Commercially pure nickel alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Commercially pure nickel 301 Chemical composition: Al=4.4%, Ti=0.6%, Ni balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.26 *10³ kg/m³ 516 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 207 GPa 30000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.2*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific he… text/html 2009-02-28T07:06:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=commercially_pure_nickel_alloys&amp;rev=1235822781 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Nickel alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Commercially pure nickel alloys contains at least 99% of nickel (Ni). The alloys may also contain small amounts of cobalt (Co) and such impurities like manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), silicon (Si), copper (Cu). text/html 2008-12-13T08:40:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=commercially_pure_silver&amp;rev=1229175638 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Silver plating to Properties of silver alloys (submitted by the website administration) Commercial grade fine silver Chemical composition: Ag=99.90% min. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 10.49 *10³ kg/m³ 5.527 Troy oz/in³ Modulus of elasticity 83 GPa 12000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 1.9*10-5 ºCˉ¹ 1.06*10-5 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 235 J/(… text/html 2008-05-16T14:49:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=commercially_pure_titanium_grade_1&amp;rev=1210963770 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Commercially pure and low alloyed titanium alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Commercially pure titanium, Grade 1 Chemical composition: O=0.18% max., Fe=0.2% max., N=0.03% max., Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.51 *10³ kg/m³ 282 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 8.6*10-… text/html 2008-05-16T14:49:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=commercially_pure_titanium_grade_4&amp;rev=1210963787 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Commercially pure and low alloyed titanium alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Commercially pure titanium, Grade 4 Chemical composition: O=0.40% max., Fe=0.5% max., Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.51 *10³ kg/m³ 282 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 8.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 4… text/html 2011-04-02T10:42:33-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=composites&amp;rev=1301755353 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Engineering * Classification of composites * Structure of composites * Estimations of composite materials properties * Metal Matrix Composites * Ceramic Matrix Composites * Polymer Matrix Composites * Tribological properties of alumina reinforced composites text/html 2011-10-08T13:30:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=composition_of_paints&amp;rev=1318095027 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Paints Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich A paint is formulated as a mixture of four ingredients: * Binder * Solvent * Pigment * Additives Binders of paints Binder is the main ingredient of paints. Binders are polymers (resins) forming a continuous film on the substrate surface. Binders are responsible for good adhesion of the coating to the substrate. The binder holds the pigment particles distributed throug… text/html 2008-05-17T02:51:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=compression_molded_carbon&amp;rev=1211007113 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Compression molded carbon Chemical composition: carbon (C), ash 0.3% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.65*10³ kg/m³ 103 lb/ft³ Porosity 18 % 18 % Maximum grain size 760 μm 30 microinch Modulus of elasticity 6.2 GPa 900 ksi Flexural strength 9.7 MPa 1400… text/html 2008-05-17T02:50:43-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=compression_molded_graphite&amp;rev=1211007043 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Compression molded graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.76*10³ kg/m³ 110 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 12 GPa 1740 ksi Flexural strength 55 MPa 7980 psi Compressive strength 90 MPa 13050 psi Hardness 85 RB 10/100 85 … text/html 2009-04-01T05:56:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=compression_molding_of_polymers&amp;rev=1238579816 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Methods of polymers fabrication Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Compression Molding is a process in which a molding polymer is squeezed into a preheated mold taking a shape of the mold cavity and performing curing due to heat and pressure applied to the material. text/html 2008-05-17T03:29:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=compressor_oil_iso_32&amp;rev=1211009371 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Compressor oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Compressor oil ISO 32 Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.861 *10³ kg/m³ 53.7 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 32.7 cSt 32.7 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 5.6 cSt 5.6 cSt Viscosity index 109 109 Flash point 22… text/html 2008-05-17T03:29:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=compressor_oil_iso_46&amp;rev=1211009387 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Compressor oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Compressor oil ISO 46 Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.865 *10³ kg/m³ 54.0 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 45.6 cSt 45.6 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 6.9 cSt 6.9 cSt Viscosity index 108 108 Flash point 23… text/html 2008-05-17T03:30:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=compressor_oil_iso_68&amp;rev=1211009401 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Compressor oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Compressor oil ISO 68 Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.871 *10³ kg/m³ 54.4 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 67.4 cSt 67.4 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 8.9 cSt 8.9 cSt Viscosity index 104 104 Flash point 24… text/html 2009-06-25T10:25:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=compressor_oils&amp;rev=1245939930 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Compressor oils are fluids used for lubrication of moving metal parts of gas (air) compressors. The following factors are taken into account in selection of a compressor oil: text/html 2011-02-27T03:08:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=construction_of_blast_furnace&amp;rev=1298794105 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to iron making Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to iron making Main section of the blast furnace is ... 1)blast furnace proper 2)hot blast supply equipments 3)gas cleaning and storage system 4)raw material storage and handling plant 5)liquid product disposal section 6)control equipment text/html 2007-03-16T21:57:26-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=contact&amp;rev=1174096646 dfgdfg text/html 2009-05-16T06:40:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=contents&amp;rev=1242470423 * Full index of articles on metals * Full index of articles on ceramics * Full index of articles on polymers * Full index of articles on composites * Full index of articles on fluids text/html 2011-01-21T09:09:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=continuous_casting&amp;rev=1295618955 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Continuous casting is a casting method, in which the steps of pouring, solidification and withdrawal (extraction) of the casting from an open end mold are carried out continuously. text/html 2011-01-21T09:10:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=continuous_casting_in_traveling_mold&amp;rev=1295619056 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Continuous casting methods using traveling “endless” molds (rolls, belts, wheels) are characterized by zero relative movement between the mold and casting surfaces. Strips and slabs cast by such methods have low defect surface. The castings may be coiled and further processed (rolled) without surface machining in contrast to those cast in stationary molds (eg.… text/html 2012-05-12T09:42:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=continuous_casting_of_aluminum_based_bearing_alloys&amp;rev=1336830121 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Horizontal continuous casting methods are used for manufacturing Aluminum based bearing materials. The alloys are cast in form of continuous strips (either cut-to-length or coiled). The aluminum casting is then cold rolled and backed with a steel strip in order to obtain bi-metal structure. text/html 2012-05-09T07:07:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=copper_alloys&amp;rev=1336561645 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Classification of copper alloys * Temper designation of copper alloys * Wrought Coppers and high copper alloys * Wrought brasses * Wrought phosphor bronzes * Wrought aluminum bronzes * Wrought silicon bronzes * Wrought copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers * Spinodal Bronzes text/html 2012-05-12T09:40:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=copper_based_bearing_materials&amp;rev=1336830054 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The design of internal combustion engines has a tendency of decreasing the engine dimensions. This tendency leads to more compact bearings and consequently to higher specific alternating loads applied to them. [Tri-metal sintered bearing.png] Copper based Engine bearing materials provide superior fatigue strength (load capacity). Copper based bearing alloy… text/html 2012-04-14T07:20:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=copper_plating&amp;rev=1334402421 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Copper plating is a process of copper deposition over a part immersed into an electrolyte solution and used as a cathode, when the copper anode is being dissolved into the electrolyte in form of the copper ions traveling through the solution and depositing on the cathode surface. Phosphorized copper (0.04-0.08% P)is recommended for the anodes in [Copper plating#A… text/html 2009-05-16T06:38:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=corrosion_and_oxidation&amp;rev=1242470331 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Electrode potentials * Polarization * Pourbaix diagrams * Galvanic corrosion * Pitting corrosion * Crevice corrosion * Intergranular corrosion * Selective corrosion (dealloying) * Stress corrosion cracking * Corrosion fatigue * Cathodic protection * Corrosion protection coatings * Corrosion inhibitors * High temperature oxidation of metals text/html 2009-05-16T07:10:20-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=corrosion_fatigue&amp;rev=1242472220 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Corrosion Fatigue (CF) is the metal cracking caused by combined action of a cycling loading and a corrosive environment. Corrosion fatigue is similar to Stress corrosion cracking in many aspects (combine action of stress and corrosion, mechanisms of crack formation, brittle fracture, prevention measures). The principal difference between these two types of en… text/html 2009-05-16T07:12:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=corrosion_inhibitors&amp;rev=1242472359 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich A corrosion inhibitor is a chemical compound, which when added to an environment (aqueous solution, oil, fuels, atmosphere) reduces the corrosion rate. text/html 2009-09-20T05:22:08-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=corrosion_protection_coatings&amp;rev=1253438528 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Sacrificial coating * Polymer coatings * Ceramic coatings * Corrosion/rust protection oils Sacrificial coating Sacrificial coating is a method of corrosion control by applying a thin layer of a metal having lower (than the protected metal) value of electrode potential (higher position in the table of Electrochemical series). The most common example of… text/html 2011-03-19T13:44:14-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=creep&amp;rev=1300556654 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal properties and tests Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Creep is a phenomenon of slow plastic deformation (elongation) of a metal at high temperature under a constant load. text/html 2011-03-21T04:26:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=creep_resistant_steels&amp;rev=1300695969 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steels and cast irons Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Creep resistant steels are steels designed to withstand a constant load at high temperatures. The most important application of creep resistant steels is components of steam power plants operating at elevated temperatures (boilers, turbines, steam lines). text/html 2009-05-16T06:29:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=crevice_corrosion&amp;rev=1242469786 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Crevice corrosion is an electrochemical oxidation-reduction (redox) process, which occurs within localized volumes of stagnant solution trapped in pockets, corners or beneath a shield (seal, deposit of sand, gasket, fastener, etc.). Crevice corrosion is considered much more dangerous than uniform corrosion since its rate is 10-100 times higher. Crevice corros… text/html 2010-10-08T11:11:22-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cryogenic_treatment_of_steel&amp;rev=1286550682 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Heat treatment technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Cryogenic treatment (tempering) is a processing of the material at a temperature below 80K (-315°F / -193°C) resulting in modification of its microstructure and improvement of its properties. text/html 2009-07-16T09:29:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=crystallization&amp;rev=1247750956 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Fundamentals of metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Some metallurgical processes involve phase transition. The typical example of phase transition is crystallization. Crystallization is transformation of liquid phase to solid crystalline phase. text/html 2009-07-17T09:46:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=cutting_fluids_coolants&amp;rev=1247838419 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Cutting fluid (metalworking fluid, coolant) is a liquid used in metalworking operations for reducing friction between the work piece and the tool and for removal of the heat generated by the friction. text/html 2012-04-14T07:19:08-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=decorative_chromium_electroplating&amp;rev=1334402348 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Characteristics of chromium * Characteristics and applications of decorative chromium * Structure of decorative chromium deposition * Decorative electroplating with hexavalent chromium * Operating conditions of hexavalent chromium electroplating process * Trivalent chromium electroplating text/html 2009-02-07T03:32:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=deep_drawing&amp;rev=1233995537 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal forming technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Deep drawing is a cold metal forming process, in which a flat metal blank is forced into a die cavity by hydraulically driven punch. A cup-like cylindrical part, having the depth greater than its diameter, is formed as a result of deep drawing. The process is presented in the picture: text/html 2010-12-25T04:43:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=degassing_treatment_of_molten_aluminum_alloys&amp;rev=1293270196 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Degassing of molten Aluminum alloys is a foundry operation aimed to remove Hydrogen dissolved in the melt. * Hydrogen in aluminum * Degassing by fluxes * Rotary degasser text/html 2009-02-04T08:26:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=deoxidation_of_steel&amp;rev=1233753967 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steel making Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The main sources of Oxygen in steel are as follows: * Oxygen blowing (example: Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF)); * Oxidizing slags used in steel making processes(example: Electric-arc furnace; * Atmospheric oxygen dissolving in liquid steel during pouring operation; * Oxidizing refractories (lining of furnaces and ladles); * Rusted and wet scrap. text/html 2009-02-04T08:30:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=desulfurization_of_steel&amp;rev=1233754215 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steel making Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Sulfur in steel * Desulfurization of steel by slags * Desulfurization of steel by injection of active agents Sulfur in steel Sulfur (S) may dissolve in liquid iron (Fe) at any concentration. However solubility of sulfur in solid iron is limited: 0.002% in α-iron at room temperature and 0.013% in γ-iron at 1832°F (1000°C). When a liquid steel cools down and so… text/html 2012-04-14T07:23:28-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=diamond-like_carbon&amp;rev=1334402608 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Structure of Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) * Techniques of deposition of Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) * Characteristics of Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) * Applications of Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) text/html 2008-05-17T03:41:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=dichlorofluoromethane&amp;rev=1211010069 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Fluorocarbon solvent Dichlorofluoromethane (Freon 21) Chemical formula: CHCl2F Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density of liquid at 77°F (25°C) 1.37*10³ kg/m³ 85.3 lb/ft³ Vapor pressure at 77°F (25°C) 160 kPa 23.2 psi Boiling point 8.9 ºC 48 ºF Melting point -135 ºC -211… text/html 2011-01-21T09:05:37-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=die_casting&amp;rev=1295618737 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Die casting is a process, in which the molten metal is injected into the mold cavity at an increased pressure up to 30,000 psi (200 MPa). text/html 2010-07-31T06:33:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=die_pressing_of_metallic_powders&amp;rev=1280572395 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Powder metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Die pressing (molding) is the powder compaction method involving uniaxial pressure applied to the powder placed in a die between two rigid punches. text/html 2008-05-16T13:16:10-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=die_steel_h13&amp;rev=1210958170 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Tool and die steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) USA: AISI H13, UK: BH13, Sweden: 2242, Germany: 1.2344, Japan: SKD61 Chemical composition: C=0.35%, Mn=0.4%, Si=1%, Cr=5%, Mo=1.5%, V=1% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.8 *10³ kg/m³ 486.9 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 203 GPa 33000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12.6… text/html 2008-05-16T13:16:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=die_steel_p20&amp;rev=1210958191 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Tool and die steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) USA: AISI P20 Chemical composition: C=0.4%, Mn=1.5%, Si=0.4%, Cr=1.9%, Mo=0.2% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.81 *10³ kg/m³ 487.5 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 205 GPa 29700 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.1*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat c… text/html 2009-02-02T12:44:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=diffusion_in_alloys&amp;rev=1233596695 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Fundamentals of metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Most of the processes in metals and alloys proceed by means diffusion and self-diffusion. Diffusion in alloy is a process of transfer of atoms of different alloy components, resulting in changing chemical composition of some of the alloy regions. text/html 2012-04-14T07:16:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=diffusion_layer&amp;rev=1334402187 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich As Electroplating process proceeds the positively charged ions (of Metals or Hydrogen) are formed at the anode surface, transferred to the cathode and deposit on its surface when the negatively charged ions move toward the anode where they discharge. Such ion transfer process results in formation of thin electrolyte regions (diffusion layers) adjacent to the el… text/html 2008-05-17T03:40:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=difluorodichloromethane&amp;rev=1211010030 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Fluorocarbon solvent Difluorodichloromethane (Freon 12) Chemical formula: CHCl2F2 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density of liquid at boiling point 1.49*10³ kg/m³ 92.8 lb/ft³ Density of gas at boiling point 6.25 kg/m³ 0.39 lb/ft³ Viscosity of gas at 32°F (0°C) 0.01168 cP 7.85*10-6 … text/html 2011-01-21T08:59:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=direct_chill_dc_casting&amp;rev=1295618341 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Direct Chill (DC) casting is a vertical semi-Continuous casting process used for fabrication cylindrical billets or rectangular ingots/blooms from non-ferrous metals such as Aluminum alloys, Copper alloys, Magnesium alloys. The Direct Chill (DC) cast ingots are further processed by either Extrusion, Rolling or Forging technologies. The most popular application … text/html 2012-02-11T11:12:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=dispersions&amp;rev=1328976771 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids * Classification of dispersions * Colloids * Brownian motion and diffusion in colloids * Lyophilic and lyophobic colloids * Preparation of colloids * Coagulation of colloids * Stabilization of colloids * Surfactants * Ultrasonic processing text/html 2010-02-08T07:32:10-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=dmitri_kopeliovich&amp;rev=1265632330 [dmitri_kopeliovich.jpg?400x300] General expertise * Solidification * Continuous casting * Rolling * Heat treatment technologies * Sintering of metals * Electroplating * Metal Matrix Composites Specific expertise * Engine bearing materials text/html 2009-02-07T03:31:22-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=drawing&amp;rev=1233995482 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal forming technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Drawing is a metal forming process involving pulling a workpiece (cold or hot) through a die providing reduction of the cross section of the workpiece. text/html 2008-05-16T13:20:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ductile_cast_iron_astm_a536&amp;rev=1210958445 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast irons to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) Ductile cast iron ASTM A536 Chemical composition: C=3.5-3.9%, Mn=0.15-0.35%, Si=2.25-2.75%, S=0.01-0.025%, P=0.05%max Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 6.64 *10³-7.2 *10³ kg/m³ 415-450 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 172 GPa 25000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 11.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ … text/html 2011-03-19T13:25:13-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=effect_of_alloying_elements_on_steel_properties&amp;rev=1300555513 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steels and cast irons Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Alloying is changing chemical composition of steel by adding elements with purpose to improve its properties as compared to the plane carbon steel. text/html 2012-05-12T09:45:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=effect_of_low_viscosity_oils_on_engine_bearings&amp;rev=1336830327 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Low viscosity oils produce less friction and therefore decrease the fuel consumption and combustion gas emissions. One of the consequences though of lowering oil viscosity is a decrease of the minimum oil film thickness. The shaft surface is getting closer to the bearing surface. This increases the failure threat level of such factors as surface roughness, s… text/html 2008-05-17T02:56:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=elastomer_butyl_isobutene-isoprene&amp;rev=1211007405 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Elastomers to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Elastomer Butyl (Isobutene-Isoprene) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 0.92 *10³ kg/m³ 57.4 lb/ft³ Tensile strength 20 MPa 2900 psi Elongation 900 % 900 % Glass transition temperature -79 ºC -110 ºF Maximum work temperature 100 ºC 212 ºF Electric resistivity 1… text/html 2008-05-17T02:57:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=elastomer_ethylene-propylene_epdm&amp;rev=1211007456 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Elastomers to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Elastomer Ethylene-Propylene (EPDM) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 0.86 *10³ kg/m³ 53.7 lb/ft³ Tensile strength 20 MPa 2900 psi Elongation 300 % 300 % Glass transition temperature -75 ºC -103 ºF Maximum work temperature 100 ºC 212 ºF Electric resistivity 10… text/html 2008-09-03T09:26:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=elastomer_hypalon_csm_chlor-sulfonated_polyethylene&amp;rev=1220448415 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Elastomers to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Elastomer Hypalon (CSM, Chlor-Sulfonated Polyethylene) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.2 *10³ kg/m³ 74.9 lb/ft³ Tensile strength 21 MPa 3050 psi Elongation 500 % 500 % Glass transition temperature -55 ºC -67 ºF Maximum work temperature 130 ºC 266 ºF Electric… text/html 2008-05-17T02:57:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=elastomer_neoprene_chloroprene&amp;rev=1211007437 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Elastomers to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Elastomer Neoprene (Chloroprene) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.23 *10³ kg/m³ 76.8 lb/ft³ Tensile strength 25 MPa 3630 psi Elongation 1000 % 1000 % Glass transition temperature -50 ºC -58 ºF Maximum work temperature 100 ºC 212 ºF Electric resistivity 103 … text/html 2008-05-17T02:57:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=elastomer_nitrile&amp;rev=1211007421 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Elastomers to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Elastomer Nitrile Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.0 *10³ kg/m³ 62.4 lb/ft³ Tensile strength 28 MPa 4060 psi Elongation 700 % 700 % Glass transition temperature -55 ºC -67 ºF Maximum work temperature 100 ºC 212 ºF Electric resistivity 102 Ohm*m 104 O… text/html 2008-05-17T02:56:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=elastomer_polyisoprene_natural_rubber&amp;rev=1211007385 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Elastomers to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Elastomer Polyisoprene (natural rubber) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 0.93 *10³ kg/m³ 58.1 lb/ft³ Tensile strength 20 MPa 2900 psi Elongation 800 % 800 % Glass transition temperature -70 ºC -94 ºF Maximum work temperature 80 ºC 176 ºF Electric resistivity … text/html 2008-05-17T02:58:10-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=elastomer_silicone&amp;rev=1211007490 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Elastomers to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Elastomer Silicone Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 0.98 *10³ kg/m³ 61.2 lb/ft³ Tensile strength 10 MPa 1450 psi Elongation 700 % 700 % Glass transition temperature -50 ºC -58 ºF Maximum work temperature 300 ºC 572 ºF Electric resistivity 103 -109 Ohm*m 1… text/html 2012-04-28T12:31:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=elastomers&amp;rev=1335630684 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Elastomers are polymers possessing high elasticity - may be reversibly stretched at high degree. Elastomers consists of long lightly cross-linked molecules. text/html 2009-05-17T04:11:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=electric_arc_furnace_eaf&amp;rev=1242547885 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steel making Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) is a steel making furnace, in which steel scrap is heated and melted by heat of electric arcs striking between the furnace electrodes and the metal bath. Two kinds of electric current may be used in Electric Arc Furnaces: direct (DC) and alternating (AC). Three-phase AC Electric Arc Furnaces with graphite electrodes are commonly used in stee… text/html 2010-12-01T08:44:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=electrical_properties_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1291211052 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Ceramic properties and tests Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The following electrical properties are characteristic for ceramic materials: * Insulating properties * Electrical conductivity * Dielectric Strength * Dielectric Constant * Semi-conducting properties * Superconducting properties * Piezoelectric properties * Magnetic properties text/html 2009-05-16T07:14:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=electrode_potentials&amp;rev=1242472479 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Electrode potential is a fundamental conception of electrochemistry and corrosion theory. It helps to predict the direction and intensity of an electrochemical process (eg. corrosion) and allows to control it. text/html 2012-04-14T07:17:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=electrolytic_co-deposition&amp;rev=1334402269 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Electrolytic co-deposition is an Electroplating method of incorporation of non-metallic particles into metallic coatings obtained from electrolytes containing the particles in a suspended state. The second phase particles dispersed within the metal base form a metal matrix composite, properties of which may be significantly different from those of the pure metal… text/html 2009-02-14T10:16:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=electron_beam_welding_ebw&amp;rev=1234624598 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Electron Beam Welding is a welding process utilizing a heat generated by a beam of high energy electrons. The electrons strike the work piece and their kinetic energy converts into thermal energy heating the metal so that the edges of work piece are fused and joined together forming a weld after Solidification. The process is ca… text/html 2012-04-14T07:16:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=electroplating&amp;rev=1334402163 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich [electroplating.png] Electroplating is a process of coating deposition on a part, immersed into an electrolyte solution and used as a cathode, when the anode is made of the depositing material, which is dissolved into the solution in form of the metal ions, traveling through the solution and depositing on the cathode surface. text/html 2012-04-14T07:17:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=electroplating_alloys&amp;rev=1334402247 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich An alloy coating may be obtained by a co-deposition of the alloy constituents from the electrolyte containing their ions. Deposited alloys may possess properties and combination of properties, which ate not achievable in the coatings of pure metals. Electroplating allows to prepare alloys, which can not be produced by melting. Some metals may be deposited… text/html 2012-04-14T07:13:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=electropolishing&amp;rev=1334402018 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Principle of electropolishing * Brightening * Deburring * Passivating * Stress relieving * Benefits and disadvantages of electropolishing text/html 2009-02-04T08:34:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=electroslag_remelting&amp;rev=1233754497 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steel making Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Electroslag Remelting (ESR) is a process of remelting a consumable electrode utilizing the heat generated by an electric current passing through a molten slag between the electrode and the solidifying ingot. text/html 2009-02-14T10:58:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=electroslag_welding_esw&amp;rev=1234627124 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Electroslag Welding is a welding process, in which the heat is generated by an electric current passing between the consumable electrode (filler metal) and the work piece through a molten slag covering the weld surface. Prior to welding the gap between the two work pieces is filled with a welding flux. Electroslag Welding is in… text/html 2012-05-12T09:50:02-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=engine_bearing_failure&amp;rev=1336830602 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Engine bearings are small and relatively inexpensive components of internal combustion engines however failure of an engine bearing commonly leads to serious reconditioning works of the engine including its disassembling, regrinding the crankshaft and replacing the bearings. Factors affecting normal functioning of engine bearings: text/html 2012-05-12T09:39:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=engine_bearing_fatigue_test&amp;rev=1336829999 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The internal combustion engines are characterized by cycling loading of the bearings caused by alternating pressure of combustion gases in the cylinders and inertia forces developed by accelerating parts. Oscillating loads applied to a part may cause Engine bearing failure as a result of the material Fatigue. This occurs if the load exceeds the fatigue strengt… text/html 2012-05-12T09:40:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=engine_bearing_materials&amp;rev=1336830025 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Most engine bearings have layered structure, which provides optimum combination of the bearing material properties: fatigue strength (load capacity), seizure resistance (compatibility), wear resistance, conformability, embedability, corrosion resistance, cavitation resistance. According to the number of the main functional bearing layers the bearings may be m… text/html 2012-05-12T09:25:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=engine_bearings&amp;rev=1336829131 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Bearings in internal combustion engines * Engine parameters determining bearing loading * Lubrication regimes * Hydrodynamic journal bearing * Hydrodynamic lubrication theory * Geometrical parameters of engine bearings * Mechanisms of wear * Requirements to engine bearing materials * Engine bearing fatigue test * Engine bearing materials * Copper based bearing materials * Manufacturing bi-metal … text/html 2009-01-02T10:17:58-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=engine_oil_sae_10w-30&amp;rev=1230909478 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Engine oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Engine oil SAE 10W-30 Mineral based multigrade diesel engine oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.875 *10³ kg/m³ 54.6 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C)/100°F (38°C) 67.5 cSt 345 SSU Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C)/210°F (99°C) 10.7 cSt 62.7 SSU… text/html 2009-01-02T10:19:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=engine_oil_sae_10w-40&amp;rev=1230909551 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Engine oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Engine oil SAE 10W-40 Mineral based multigrade gasoline engine oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.872 *10³ kg/m³ 54.4 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C)/100°F (38°C) 108.5 cSt 556 SSU Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C)/210°F (99°C) 15.4 cSt 81.5 S… text/html 2009-01-02T10:15:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=engine_oil_sae_5w-20&amp;rev=1230909304 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Engine oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Engine oil SAE 5W-20 Mineral based multigrade gasoline engine oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.850 *10³ kg/m³ 53.1 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C)/100°F (38°C) 45.2 cSt 228 SSU Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C)/210°F (99°C) 8.4 cSt 56 SSU … text/html 2009-01-02T10:15:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=engine_oil_sae_5w-30&amp;rev=1230909350 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Engine oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Engine oil SAE 5W-30 Mineral based multigrade gasoline engine oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.859 *10³ kg/m³ 53.6 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C)/100°F (38°C) 63.2 cSt 320 SSU Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C)/210°F (99°C) 10.5 cSt 65 SSU … text/html 2009-06-25T10:23:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=engine_oils&amp;rev=1245939797 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Engine oil (motor oil) provides lubrication of moving and sliding parts of the internal combustion engine. The following base stocks are used for manufacturing engine oils: Mineral oil, Highly refined mineral oil, Ultra refined mineral oil, Synthetic oil (Polyalphaolefins). text/html 2011-12-01T05:12:05-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=engine_parameters_determining_bearing_loading&amp;rev=1322734325 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Engine parameters determine the loads applied to the bearings. The load is the resultant force created from the combustion pressure and inertia forces of the moving engine parts. The load applied to the bearing at any angle of the crankshaft may be calculated and so too can the hydrodynamic bearing parameters (min. oil film thickness, energy loss, oil temperatu… text/html 2012-01-07T10:15:43-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=enhancement_of_adhesion&amp;rev=1325949343 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Paints Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Adhesion of a coating (paint, adhesive) to the substrate is a critical property determining its quality, durability and aesthetic properties. Strong adhesion is achieved by a combination of the surface treatment including cleaning (degreasing), mechanical or chemical roughening and increasing the substrate wettability. text/html 2008-02-04T09:02:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=epoxy_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_50_carbon_fibers&amp;rev=1202133745 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composition: 50% carbon fibers in epoxy matrix Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Tensile strength (LW) 1448 MPa 210000 psi Tensile strength (CW) 52 MPa 7500 psi Compressive strength (LW) 600 MPa 87000 psi Compressive stren… text/html 2008-02-04T09:04:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=epoxy_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_50_kevlar_fibers&amp;rev=1202133890 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Kevlar (aramid) fiber reinforced polymers to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Kevlar (aramid) Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composition: 50% Kevlar (aramid) unidirectional fibers in epoxy matrix Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.4 *10³ kg/m³ 87 lb/ft³ Tensile modulus (LW) 76 GPa 11000 ksi Tensile modulus (CW) 5.5 GPa 800 ksi Shear … text/html 2008-02-04T09:01:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=epoxy_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_70_carbon_fibers&amp;rev=1202133713 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composition: 70% carbon fibers in epoxy matrix Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.6 *10³ kg/m³ 101 lb/ft³ Tensile modulus (LW) 181 GPa 26300 ksi Tensile modulus (CW) 10.3 GPa 1500 ksi Tensile strength (LW) 1500… text/html 2010-07-10T11:41:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=estimations_of_composite_materials_properties&amp;rev=1278776494 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Composite materials may be either isotropic or anisotropic, which is determined by the Structure of composites. Isotropic material is a material, properties of which do not depend on a direction of measuring. text/html 2009-02-03T16:37:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=etching_metallographic_specimens&amp;rev=1233697052 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metallographic examination Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Etching is the operation of revealing micro-structural features (grain boundaries, phases, precipitates and other micro-structure constituents) of the polished specimen through selective chemical attack of its surface. text/html 2008-05-17T03:41:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ethylene_dibromide&amp;rev=1211010099 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Brominated solvent Ethylene Dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane) Chemical formula: BrCH2-CH2Br Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 2.17*10³ kg/m³ 135 lb/ft³ Vapor pressure at 68°F (20°C) 9 torr 9 torr Boiling point 132 ºC 270 ºF Melting Point 9.5 ºC 49 ºF… text/html 2007-10-09T10:55:58-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=events&amp;rev=1191941758 (If you wish to add here information and links about coming conferences, trade fairs, exhibitions and other events in Materials Engineering and Materials Science, just log-in and then click on the button “Edit this page”) International Conference on Surface Hardening of Stainless Steels, October 22-23, 2007; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH text/html 2009-05-03T09:15:00-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=extractive_metallurgy&amp;rev=1241356500 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Extractive metallurgy of iron * Extractive metallurgy of aluminum * Extractive metallurgy of copper * Extractive metallurgy of magnesium * Extractive metallurgy of nickel * Extractive metallurgy of titanium text/html 2010-06-12T03:34:43-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=extractive_metallurgy_of_aluminum&amp;rev=1276328083 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Extractive metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Aluminum is the most abundant metal in Earth. It occurs in the nature in form of aluminum oxide and other combined forms. text/html 2009-02-04T08:38:28-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=extractive_metallurgy_of_copper&amp;rev=1233754708 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Extractive metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Manufacture of copper and its alloys has a long history of thousands of years. The basic compounds contained by the copper ores are either copper sulfide or copper oxides. text/html 2009-02-04T08:18:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=extractive_metallurgy_of_iron&amp;rev=1233753507 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Extractive metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The following raw materials are involved in manufacturing iron: * Iron ores (magnetite, hematite) – iron oxides with earth impurities; text/html 2009-02-04T08:38:58-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=extractive_metallurgy_of_magnesium&amp;rev=1233754738 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Extractive metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Magnesium is the sixth most abundant element in the earth’s crust. The main sources of magnesium compounds are: * seawater (magnesium chloride, MgCl2) text/html 2009-02-04T08:39:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=extractive_metallurgy_of_nickel&amp;rev=1233754764 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Extractive metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Nickel occurs in ores of two general types: * nickel-iron sulfides, * hydrous nickel silicate (laterite). Both of them typically contain 1-3% of nickel. text/html 2009-02-04T08:39:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=extractive_metallurgy_of_titanium&amp;rev=1233754797 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Extractive metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Titanium is the ninth most abundant element in the earth’s crust. The ores used for commercial production of titanium are: text/html 2008-05-17T02:53:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=extruded_carbon&amp;rev=1211007204 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Extruded carbon Chemical composition: petroleum coke based baked carbon (C), ash 0.2% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.62*10³ kg/m³ 101 lb/ft³ Maximum grain size 760 μm 30 microinch Flexural strength 15.9 MPa 2300 psi Tensile strength 11.7 MPa 1700 psi Compr… text/html 2008-05-17T02:52:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=extruded_graphite&amp;rev=1211007147 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Extruded graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C), ash 1500 ppm Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.76*10³ kg/m³ 110 lb/ft³ Maximum grain size 760 μm 30 microinch Permeability 2*10-2 Darcy 2*10-2 Darcy Modulus of elasticity WG 10 GPa 1450 ksi Modulus of elasti… text/html 2010-12-25T10:44:19-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=extrusion&amp;rev=1293291859 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal forming technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Extrusion is a metal forming process involving shaping a metal billet (hot or cold) by forcing it through a die with an opening. text/html 2009-04-01T05:51:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=extrusion_of_polymers&amp;rev=1238579481 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Methods of polymers fabrication Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Extrusion is a process of manufacturing long products of constant cross-section (rods, sheets, pipes, films, wire insulation coating) forcing soften polymer through a die with an opening. text/html 2012-04-22T03:10:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fabrication_of_ceramic_matrix_composites_by_chemical_vapor_infiltration_cvi&amp;rev=1335078641 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Chemical Vapor Infiltration (CVI) - description * Types of Chemical Vapor Infiltration process * Chemical Vapor Infiltration (CVI) process * Advantages and disadvantages of Chemical Vapor Infiltration (CVI) process text/html 2012-04-22T03:08:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fabrication_of_ceramic_matrix_composites_by_direct_oxidation_process&amp;rev=1335078537 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Direct Metal Oxidation (DIMOX) - description * Direct Metal Oxidation (DIMOX) process * Advantages and disadvantages of Direct Metal Oxidation (DIMOX) process text/html 2011-09-10T06:35:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fabrication_of_ceramic_matrix_composites_by_liquid_phase_infiltration&amp;rev=1315650952 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The methods of fabrication of Ceramic Matrix Composites, utilizing infiltration of a liquid into long continuous fibers, are as follows: text/html 2012-04-22T03:08:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fabrication_of_ceramic_matrix_composites_by_liquid_silicon_infiltration_lsi&amp;rev=1335078491 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Liquid Silicon Infiltration (LSI) - description * Liquid Silicon Infiltration (LSI) process * Advantages and disadvantages of Liquid Silicon Infiltration (LSI) process text/html 2012-03-27T06:55:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fabrication_of_ceramic_matrix_composites_by_polymer_infiltration_and_pyrolysis_pip&amp;rev=1332845750 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Polymer Infiltration and Pyrolysis (PIP) is the method of fabrication of Ceramic Matrix Composites comprising an infiltration of a low viscosity polymer into the reinforcing ceramic structure (e.g. fabric) followed by pyrolysis: heating the polymer precursor in the absence of oxygen when it decomposes and converts into a ceramic. The Ceramics produced fro… text/html 2012-04-22T03:09:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fabrication_of_ceramic_matrix_composites_by_slurry_infiltration&amp;rev=1335078571 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Slurry is a dispersion of ceramic particles in a liquid carrier, which may also contain additives such as binders and wetting agents. Slurry Infiltration method of fabrication of Ceramic Matrix Composites utilizes a slurry percolating into a porous reinforcing preform. The infiltration process is driven by the capillary forces. After the infiltration pro… text/html 2012-04-22T03:10:06-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fabrication_of_ceramic_matrix_composites_by_sol-gel_process&amp;rev=1335078606 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Sol-gel Infiltration - description * Sol-gel Infiltration process * Advantages and disadvantages of Sol-gel Infiltration text/html 2009-02-04T08:33:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fabrication_of_large_steel_ingots&amp;rev=1233754434 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steel making Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Large steel ingots are required for manufacturing electric power plant turbine shafts, generator rotor shafts, nuclear pressure vessels, chemical pressure vessels, ship parts and other heavy machinery parts. Metalforming technology used for final shaping of large ingots is Forging. The largest ingot (570 metric tons) was produced in 1980 by “Kawasaki Steel” (Jap… text/html 2009-06-25T10:38:58-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fabrication_of_metal_matrix_composites_by_co-deposition&amp;rev=1245940738 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Metal Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Co-deposition is a process, in which matrix metal is deposited together with the dispersed phase by one of the deposition techniques. text/html 2008-05-17T03:09:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fast_curing_cyanoacrylate_adhesive&amp;rev=1211008176 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Classification of adhesives to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Fast curing cyanoacrylate adhesive Single component moisture activated curing cyanoacrylate adhesives Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Viscosity at 77°F (25°C) 2 cP 4.18*10-5 lbf*sec/ft² Fixture time, steel, 77°F (25°C) 3 min 3 min Maximum gap 0.051 mm 0.002 in Shear st… text/html 2009-03-21T12:06:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fatigue&amp;rev=1237651581 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal properties and tests Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Fatigue is a type of failure of a material, occurring under alternating loads. Most of the failures of machine details are caused by fatigue. text/html 2009-04-30T09:06:05-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fiberglasses&amp;rev=1241096765 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Polymer Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Fiberglass is a common name of Polymer Matrix Composite materials reinforced by fine glass fibers. The reinforcing dispersed phase may be in form of either continuous or discontinuous glass fibers. text/html 2010-12-01T08:42:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=flexural_strength_tests_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1291210958 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Ceramic properties and tests Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Extremely low ductility of ceramic materials does not allow measuring their mechanical properties by conventional tensile test, which is widely used for metals. text/html 2009-07-11T08:25:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fluids&amp;rev=1247315155 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Engineering * Lubricants * Solvents * Gases * Dispersions Related internal links * Metals * Ceramics * Polymers * Composites * Materials Data text/html 2011-02-27T06:22:05-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=flux&amp;rev=1298805725 it is a substance added during smelting process. it decreases the softening point of the gangue material. it decreases the viscosity of the slag phase. it decreases the activity of the some of the component of the slag and make them stable. hence flowability of the liquid metal increases. limestone and dolamite are generally used as flux in iron making process. quality of the flux is describes in terms of ‘available base’ bcz it also contain gangue. Basicity is the ratio of base to … text/html 2010-12-25T10:42:26-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fluxes_for_melting_aluminum&amp;rev=1293291746 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Fluxes for melting aluminum are solid substances (commonly mixtures of chloride and fluoride salts) used in aluminum foundries in order to reduce the melt oxidation, minimize penetration of the atmospheric Hydrogen, absorb non-metallic inclusions suspended in the melt, keep the furnace/ladle wall clean from the built up oxides, decrease the content of aluminum entrapped i… text/html 2009-02-07T03:29:00-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=forging&amp;rev=1233995340 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal forming technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Forging is a compressive metal forming process, involving shaping a metal piece by hammer, press or rolls. * Hammer forging (drop forging) is forming a preheated workpiece by using impact energy of the falling hammer forcing the metal to fill the space between the punch (a part attached to the hammer) and the forging die (a part attached to the anvil). text/html 2011-01-21T09:02:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=foundry_technologies&amp;rev=1295618529 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Casting properties * Melting furnaces * Sand casting * Investment casting * Permanent mold casting * Die casting * Centrifugal casting * Squeeze casting * Continuous casting * Horizontal continuous casting in graphite mold * Continuous casting in traveling mold * Direct Chill (DC) casting text/html 2009-02-03T16:25:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fracture_toughness&amp;rev=1233696321 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal properties and tests Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Fracture is a process of breaking a solid into pieces as a result of stress. There are two principal stages of the fracture process: text/html 2010-12-01T08:42:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fracture_toughness_tests_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1291210979 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Ceramic properties and tests Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Fracture is a process of breaking a solid into pieces as a result of stress. There are two principal stages of the fracture process: text/html 2011-10-17T14:57:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=full_index_of_articles_on_ceramics&amp;rev=1318877838 back to Contents * Fundamentals of ceramics * Ionic and covalent bonding * Structure of ceramic materials * General classification of ceramics * Tribology of ceramics * Bayer process * Sol-Gel process * Methods of shape forming ceramic powders * Sintering of ceramics * Spark plasma sintering * Machining of ceramics * Ceramic properties and tests * Flexural strength tests of ceramics * Fracture toughness tests of ceramics * Hardness tests of ceramics * Therm… text/html 2010-07-10T11:44:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=full_index_of_articles_on_composites&amp;rev=1278776647 back to Contents * Classification of composites * Structure of composites * Estimations of composite materials properties * Metal Matrix Composites * Metal Matrix Composites (introduction) * Liquid state fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites * Solid state fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites * In-situ fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites * Fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites by co-deposition text/html 2012-02-11T12:11:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=full_index_of_articles_on_fluids&amp;rev=1328980306 back to Contents * Lubricants * Classification of lubricants * Additives in lubricating oils * Biodegradation of oils * Engine oils * Gear oils * Hydraulic oils * Cutting fluids (coolants) * Way lubricants * Compressor oils * Rust protection oils * Quenching and heat transfer oils * Transformer oils (insulating oils) * Solid lubricants * Graphite as solid lubricant * Molybdenum disulfide as solid lubricant * Boron nitride as solid lubricant … text/html 2012-05-12T09:46:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=full_index_of_articles_on_metals&amp;rev=1336830395 back to Contents * Fundamentals of metals * Metals crystal structure * Solid solutions * Diffusion in alloys * Grain structure * Imperfections of crystal structure * Crystallization * Basic processes in metals * Solidification * Phase transformations and phase diagrams * Microsegregation * Basic principles of heat treatment * Spinodal decomposition * Plastic deformation text/html 2012-04-28T12:36:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=full_index_of_articles_on_polymers&amp;rev=1335630964 back to Contents * Polymer structure * Glass transition * Polymer materials (Introduction) * Elastomers * Thermoplastics * Thermosets * Tribology of polymers * Shore (Durometer) hardness test * Methods of polymers fabrication * Thermoforming * Extrusion of polymers * Injection molding of polymers * Blow molding * Compression molding of polymers * Transfer molding of polymers text/html 2009-04-01T07:36:13-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fundamentals_of_adhesive_bonding&amp;rev=1238585773 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Adhesives Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Adhesive bonding is a process of joining two or more solid parts with an adhesive substance. The materials of the joined parts (adherents, substrates) may be different or similar. text/html 2010-12-01T08:36:10-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fundamentals_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1291210570 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics * Ionic and covalent bonding * Structure of ceramic materials * General classification of ceramics * Tribology of ceramics Related internal links * Bayer process * Sol-Gel process * Methods of shape forming ceramic powders * Sintering of ceramics * Spark plasma sintering * Machining of ceramics * Ceramic properties and tests * Oxide ceramics * Non-oxide ceramics * Silicate ceramics * Carbon material… text/html 2011-06-18T08:28:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=fundamentals_of_metals&amp;rev=1308400107 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Metals crystal structure * Solid solutions * Diffusion in alloys * Grain structure * Imperfections of crystal structure * Crystallization Related internal links * Basic processes in metals * Corrosion and oxidation * Metal properties and tests * Extractive metallurgy * Foundry technologies * Metal forming technologies * Heat treatment technologies * Powder metallurgy * Coating technologies * … text/html 2010-10-08T11:12:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=furnaces_for_heat_treatment&amp;rev=1286550755 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Heat treatment technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Batch furnaces * Car bottom furnace Furnaces of this type have a movable bottom (car). The car goes out of the furnace and may be loaded or unloaded with treated parts. text/html 2009-05-16T07:15:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=galvanic_corrosion&amp;rev=1242472530 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Galvanic corrosion is an electrochemical oxidation-reduction (redox) process, which occurs when two dissimilar metals or alloys are brought into electrical contact and immersed into an electrolyte solution. In practice the electrolytes are aqueous solutions of salts, acids and bases. text/html 2009-02-14T10:15:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=gas_welding_gw&amp;rev=1234624545 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Gas Welding is a welding process utilizing heat of the flame from a welding torch. The torch mixes a fuel gas with Oxygen in the proper ratio and flow rate providing combustion process at a required temperature. The hot flame fuses the edges of the welded parts, which are joined together forming a weld after Solidification. T… text/html 2009-12-18T07:26:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=gases&amp;rev=1261139204 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids * Oxygen * Nitrogen * Hydrogen * Argon * Ammonia * Ammonia cracker * Nitrogen membrane generator Related internal links * Lubricants * Solvents * Dispersions text/html 2008-05-17T03:36:20-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=gasoline&amp;rev=1211009780 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydrocarbon solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Gasoline (petrol) A mixture of aliphatic and aromatic solvents Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 0.749 *10³ kg/m³ 46.7 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 0.4 cP 2.68*10-4 lb/ft·s Reid vapor pressure 55-103 KPa 8-15 psi Boiling point 27-225 ºC 80-437 º… text/html 2008-05-17T03:22:10-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=gear_oil_sae_80w-90&amp;rev=1211008930 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Gear oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Gear oil SAE 80W-90 Mineral based multigrade gear oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.887 *10³ kg/m³ 55.4 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 139 cSt 139 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 15 cSt 15 cSt Viscosity index 110 110 Brookfield v… text/html 2008-05-17T03:22:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=gear_oil_sae_85w-140&amp;rev=1211008950 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Gear oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Gear oil SAE 85W-140 Mineral based multigrade gear oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.901 *10³ kg/m³ 56.2 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 411 cSt 411 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 30.3 cSt 30.3 cSt Viscosity index 103 103 Brookfi… text/html 2009-06-25T10:23:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=gear_oils&amp;rev=1245939821 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Gear oil is a fluid lubricant used in gears (gearboxes) for reduction of friction and wear of the gear tooth surfaces, removal of the heat generated by the operating gear and corrosion protection of the gear parts. Gear (gearbox) is a mechanical assembly transmitting energy of rotational motion and changing its parameters (torque, speed, direction) by means of toothed wheel… text/html 2010-12-01T08:37:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=general_classification_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1291210660 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Fundamentals of ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich There are various classification systems of ceramic materials, which may be attributed to one of two principal categories: application base system or composition base system. text/html 2011-08-09T03:27:19-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=general_materials_links&amp;rev=1312874839 back to Materials Links MRS: Materials Research Society (MRS). TMS: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) is a rare professional organization that encompasses the entire range of materials and engineering, from minerals processing and primary metals production to basic research and the advanced applications of materials. text/html 2008-05-17T03:06:20-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=general_purpose_anaerobic_adhesive&amp;rev=1211007980 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Classification of adhesives to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) General purpose anaerobic adhesive Single component acrylic based adhesive Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Viscosity at 77°F (25°C) 1300 cP 0.0272 lbf*sec/ft² Fixture time, steel, 77°F (25°C) 10 min 10 min Maximum gap 0.152 mm 0.006 in Shear strength, steel, 77°F (25°… text/html 2008-05-17T03:07:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=general_purpose_cyanoacrylate_adhesive&amp;rev=1211008062 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Classification of adhesives to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) General purpose cyanoacrylate adhesive Single component moisture activated curing adhesives Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Viscosity at 77°F (25°C) 40 cP 8.35*10-4 lbf*sec/ft² Fixture time, steel, 77°F (25°C) 10 min 10 min Maximum gap 0.102 mm 0.004 in Shear strength,… text/html 2012-05-12T09:38:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=geometrical_parameters_of_engine_bearings&amp;rev=1336829924 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Hydrodynamic lubrication * Oil clearance * Excentricity * Crush height * Crankshaft * Crankcase * Connecting rod text/html 2012-04-28T14:42:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=glass_transition&amp;rev=1335638561 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Glass transition is the transition of an amorphous substance from its soft and pliable state to a hard and brittle (glassy) state. * Glass transition vs. crystallization * Effect of structure factors on glass transition temperature text/html 2010-06-27T06:32:58-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=grain_structure&amp;rev=1277634778 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Fundamentals of metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Grain is a small region of a metal, having a given and continuous crystal lattice orientation. Each grain represents small single crystal. text/html 2009-06-17T06:42:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=graphite&amp;rev=1245235351 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Carbon materials Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * General information about graphite * Graphite structure * Classification of graphite * Graphite properties * Properties of some graphite and carbon materials text/html 2011-03-26T10:36:02-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=graphite_as_solid_lubricant&amp;rev=1301150162 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Graphite is a crystalline, low density and soft allotrope of carbon. Graphite is a solid lubricant relating to the class of Inorganic lubricants with lamellar structure, which also includes molybdenum disulphide, boron nitride and some other sulphides, selenides and tellurides (chalcogenides) of molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum and titanium. The crystal lattice … text/html 2008-05-17T02:54:05-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=graphite_foil&amp;rev=1211007245 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Graphite foil Chemical composition: carbon (C), ash 0.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Bulk density 0.5-1.1*10³ kg/m³ 31-69 lb/ft³ Thickness 0.2-1.0 mm 8-40*10-3 inch Permeability 1.3*10-10 m²/s 2*10-7 in²/s Tensile strength 5.1 MPa 740 psi Compression rate 47 … text/html 2009-06-17T06:46:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=graphite_manufacturing_process&amp;rev=1245235598 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Carbon materials Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The process of synthetic graphite manufacturing consists of the following principal stages: * Powder preparation * Shape forming * Baking * Graphitization text/html 2009-06-17T09:21:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=graphite_molds_for_continuous_casting&amp;rev=1245244904 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Carbon materials Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Applications of graphite in continuous casting * Characteristics of graphite for continuous casting molds * Design of graphite molds for continuous casting * Graphite molds lifetime * Properties of some graphite grades for continuous casting text/html 2010-05-02T10:31:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=grey_cast_iron_astm_40&amp;rev=1272810664 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast irons to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) Grey cast iron ASTM 40 Chemical composition: C=2.7-4%, Mn=0.8%, Si=1.8-3%, S=0.07% max, P=0.2% max Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.06 *10³-7.34 *10³ kg/m³ 441-458 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 124 GPa 18000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 9.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 5.0*10-6 in/(in… text/html 2008-05-17T03:34:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=gun_rust_protection_oil_iso_11&amp;rev=1211009649 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Rust protection oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Gun rust protection oil ISO 11 Mineral based oil with corrosion inhibitor Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.892 *10³ kg/m³ 55.7 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 11.0 cSt 11.0 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 3.0 cSt 3.0 cSt Flash Point … text/html 2009-05-16T14:51:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=halogenated_solvents&amp;rev=1242499905 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Solvents Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Halogenated solvent is an organic solvent, molecules of which contain halogenic atoms: chlorine (Cl), fluorine (F) , bromine (Br) or iodine (I). text/html 2012-04-14T07:18:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hard_chromium_electroplating&amp;rev=1334402325 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Characteristics of chromium * Characteristics and applications of hard chromium * Chemistry of hard chromium electroplating * Conventional hard chromium plating process * Hard chromium plating in fluoride bath * Operating conditions of hard chromium electroplating process * Problems and troubleshooting of hard chromium elctroplating text/html 2010-10-08T11:16:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hardening&amp;rev=1286550983 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Heat treatment technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Hardening is a heat treatment process involving heating a steel above the phase transformation temperature (upper critical temperature, A3), followed by soaking and then rapid cooling (quenching). text/html 2008-06-11T10:29:14-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hardness_conversion_table&amp;rev=1213194554 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal properties and tests to Next page of Hardness Conversion Table (submitted by the website administration) RA 60 Brale RB 100 1/16” RC 150 Brale RD 100 Brale R15N Brale R30N Brale R45N Brale R15T 1/16” R30T 1/16” R45T 1/16” HB 500 10mm HB 3000 10mm HV Diamond Pyramid Shore 92 - 80 87 97 92 87 - - - - - 1865 - 92… text/html 2008-06-11T10:29:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hardness_conversion_table_2&amp;rev=1213194588 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal properties and tests to Previous page of Hardness Conversion Table RA 60 Brale RB 100 1/16” RC 150 Brale RE 100 1/8” R15T 1/16” R30T 1/16” R45T 1/16” HB 500 10mm HB 3000 10mm HV Diamond Pyramid Knoop 55.5 90 9 - 90 76 62.5 157 185 192 201 55 89 8 - 89.5 75.5 61.5 154 180 188 196 54 88 7 … text/html 2010-05-06T07:09:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hardness_test_methods&amp;rev=1273144179 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal properties and tests Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Hardness is resistance of material to plastic deformation caused by indentation. Sometimes hardness refers to resistance of material to scratching or abrasion. text/html 2010-12-01T08:43:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hardness_tests_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1291211003 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Ceramic properties and tests Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Hardness is resistance of material to Plastic deformation caused by indentation. Sometimes hardness refers to resistance of material to scratching or abrasion. text/html 2008-05-16T14:47:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloy_inconel_x-750&amp;rev=1210963674 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Heat-treatable Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Inconel X-750 Chemical composition: Cr=15.5%,Fe=7%, Al=0.7%,Ti=2.5%,Mo=9%,Nb=1%,Ni=70% min. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.28 *10³ kg/m³ 517 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 214 GPa 31000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 … text/html 2008-05-16T14:47:22-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloy_nimonic_115&amp;rev=1210963642 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Heat-treatable Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Nimonic 115 Chemical composition: Cr=15%, Mo=4%, Al=5%, Ti=4%, Co=14.25%, B=0.018%, C=0.16%, Ni=54% min. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.85 *10³ kg/m³ 490 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 223 GPa 32400 ksi Thermal e… text/html 2008-05-16T14:46:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloy_nimonic_80a&amp;rev=1210963610 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Heat-treatable Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Nimonic 80A Chemical composition: Cr=19.5%, Fe=1.5%, Al=1.4%, Ti=2.25%, Ni=69% min. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.19 *10³ kg/m³ 511 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 207 GPa 30000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 1… text/html 2008-05-16T14:48:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloy_rene_41&amp;rev=1210963732 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Heat-treatable Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Rene 41 Chemical composition: Cr=19%, Fe=2.5%, Co=11%, Al=1.5%, Ti=3.15%, Mo=9.75%, C=0.09%, B=0.007%, Ni=51% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.25 *10³ kg/m³ 515 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 218 GPa 31600 ksi Ther… text/html 2008-05-16T14:48:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloy_waspaloy&amp;rev=1210963710 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Heat-treatable Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Waspaloy Chemical composition: Cr=19%, Co=13.5%, Al=1.5%, Ti=3%, Mo=4.3%, C=0.08%, Zr=0.05%, B=0.006%, Ni=56% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.2 *10³ kg/m³ 512 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 213 GPa 30900 ksi Therm… text/html 2011-03-21T04:06:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloys&amp;rev=1300694801 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Nickel alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys are nickel base alloys, containing 15-22% of chromium (Cr) and up to 33% of iron (Fe) as the major alloying elements. text/html 2008-05-17T03:32:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=heat_transfer_oil_iso_100&amp;rev=1211009547 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Quenching and heat transfer oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Heat tranfer oil ISO 100 Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.890 *10³ kg/m³ 55.6 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 90.2 cSt 90.2 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 10.6 cSt 10.6 cSt Viscosity index 100 10… text/html 2008-05-17T03:32:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=heat_transfer_oil_iso_32&amp;rev=1211009531 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Quenching and heat transfer oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Heat tranfer oil ISO 32 Mineral based paraffinic oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.890 *10³ kg/m³ 55.6 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 33.4 cSt 33.4 cSt Flash point 216 ºC 420 ºF Pour Point -15 ºC 5 ºF Applications:… text/html 2010-10-08T11:05:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=heat_treatment_technologies&amp;rev=1286550312 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Annealing and stress relief * Normalizing * Hardening * Case hardening * Ion nitriding * Tempering * Precipitation hardening * Cryogenic treatment of steel * Salt bath heat treatment * Furnaces for heat treatment text/html 2008-05-17T03:35:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hexane&amp;rev=1211009759 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydrocarbon solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Aliphatic solvent Hexane (n-Hexane, Hexyl hybride) Chemical formula: CH3(CH2)4CH3 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 0.659 *10³ kg/m³ 41.2 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 0.31 cP 2.08*10-4 lb/ft·s Surface tension at 77°F (25°C) 0.01791 N/m 1.02*10-4 lbf/in … text/html 2011-10-08T13:32:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=high-solids_paints&amp;rev=1318095147 to Polymers to Paints Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich High-solids paints are the paints containing at least 65% of solid components (binders, pigments and additives) mixed with a solvent serving as a vehicle. Due to low content of solvent the viscosity of high-solids paints is 3-4 times higher than in conventional Solvent-borne paints and may reach 10000 cP (centipoise). The viscosity of high-solids paints may be reduced chemical modification or heating the paint before application to 104… text/html 2008-05-17T02:52:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=high_density_extruded_graphite&amp;rev=1211007165 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) High density extruded graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C), ash 1500 ppm Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.80*10³ kg/m³ 112 lb/ft³ Maximum grain size 760 μm 30 microinch Permeability 5*10-3 Darcy 5*10-3 Darcy Modulus of elasticity WG 11 GPa 1590 ksi Modu… text/html 2008-05-17T03:06:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=high_strength_anaerobic_adhesive&amp;rev=1211007996 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Classification of adhesives to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) High strength anaerobic adhesive Single component acrylic based adhesive Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Viscosity at 77°F (25°C) 1800 cP 0.0376 lbf*sec/ft² Fixture time, steel, 77°F (25°C) 10 min 10 min Maximum gap 0.203 mm 0.008 in Shear strength, steel, 77°F (25°C)… text/html 2008-05-17T02:51:13-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=high_strength_compression_molded_carbon-graphite&amp;rev=1211007073 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) High strength compression molded carbon-graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.7*10³ kg/m³ 106 lb/ft³ Porosity 11 % 11 % Flexural strength 55 MPa 7980 psi Compressive strength 155 MPa 22475 psi Hardness 85 scleroscope … text/html 2008-05-17T02:51:37-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=high_temperature_compression_molded_carbon-graphite&amp;rev=1211007097 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) High temperature compression molded carbon-graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.8*10³ kg/m³ 112 lb/ft³ Flexural strength 59 MPa 8555 psi Compressive strength 152 MPa 22040 psi Hardness (Shore) 80 HS 80 HS Thermal expansio… text/html 2011-03-19T10:12:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=high_temperature_oxidation_of_metals&amp;rev=1300543959 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich High temperature oxidation of a metal is a corrosion process involving the reaction between the metal and the atmospheric Oxygen at elevated temperatures. General equation of oxidation reaction of a metal M: nM + 1/2kO2 = MnOk text/html 2008-05-17T02:49:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=high_thermal_conductivity_isostatically_pressed_graphite&amp;rev=1211006991 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) High thermal conductivity isostatically pressed graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.90*10³ kg/m³ 119 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 11.8 GPa 1710 ksi Flexural strength 53.9 MPa 7820 psi Compressive strength 103 MPa 14940 psi… text/html 2011-01-21T09:10:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=horizontal_continuous_casting_in_graphite_mold&amp;rev=1295619016 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The main advantages of horizontal Continuous casting method over vertical continuous casting are as follows: * Lower capital investment required for the equipment installation (all machines - on the same level). * Better conjunction with other manufacturing processes (raw materials feeding and loading, Rolling, heat treatment, products storage). * More conve… text/html 2011-02-27T02:29:10-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hot_blast_stove&amp;rev=1298791750 stoves are used to provide preheated air blast into the blast furnace. the temp range of generated air blast is 700 -1300 degree celsius. generally a set of 3 or 4 generator are provided for each furnace. diameter of stove is 6-9 m and 30-35 m in height which is almost equals to the height of the blast furnace. text/html 2010-12-01T09:02:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hot_pressed_silicon_carbide_ceramic_hpsc&amp;rev=1291212124 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbide ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Hot Pressed Silicon Carbide (HPSC) Chemical composition: SiC Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.18 *10³ kg/m³ 198.5 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 445 GPa 64500 ksi Flexural strength 650 MPa 94300 psi Fracture toughness 5.3 MPa*m½ 5.3 MPa*m½ Hardness 25000 HV 250… text/html 2010-12-01T09:03:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hot_pressed_silicon_nitride_ceramic_hpsn&amp;rev=1291212198 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Nitride ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Hot Pressed Silicon Nitride (HPSN) Chemical composition: Si3N4 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.3 *10³ kg/m³ 206.0 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 290 GPa 42100 ksi Flexural strength 950 MPa 137800 psi Fracture toughness 8 MPa*m½ 8 MPa*m½ Hardness 15000 HV 15000… text/html 2008-05-17T03:25:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydraulic_oil_iso_100&amp;rev=1211009130 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydraulic oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Hydraulic oil ISO 100 Mineral based hydraulic oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.882 *10³ kg/m³ 55.0 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 96.7 cSt 96.7 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 11.0 cSt 11.0 cSt Viscosity index 100 100 Flash… text/html 2008-05-17T03:25:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydraulic_oil_iso_150&amp;rev=1211009146 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydraulic oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Hydraulic oil ISO 150 Mineral based hydraulic oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.882 *10³ kg/m³ 55.1 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 147 cSt 147 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 14.6 cSt 14.6 cSt Viscosity index 98 98 Flash poi… text/html 2008-05-17T03:24:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydraulic_oil_iso_32&amp;rev=1211009082 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydraulic oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Hydraulic oil ISO 32 Mineral based hydraulic oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.868 *10³ kg/m³ 54.2 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 32.2 cSt 32.2 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 5.52 cSt 5.52 cSt Viscosity index 108 108 Flash … text/html 2008-05-17T03:24:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydraulic_oil_iso_46&amp;rev=1211009097 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydraulic oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Hydraulic oil ISO 46 Mineral based hydraulic oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.871 *10³ kg/m³ 54.4 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 46.3 cSt 46.3 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 6.94 cSt 6.94 cSt Viscosity index 106 106 Flash … text/html 2008-05-17T03:25:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydraulic_oil_iso_68&amp;rev=1211009115 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydraulic oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Hydraulic oil ISO 68 Mineral based hydraulic oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.880 *10³ kg/m³ 54.9 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 68.0 cSt 68.0 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 10.2 cSt 10.2 cSt Viscosity index 135 135 Flash … text/html 2009-07-17T09:51:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydraulic_oils&amp;rev=1247838702 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Hydraulic oil is a fluid lubricant used in hydraulic systems for transmitting power. Common hydraulic system consists of: * Oil tank; * Hydraulic pump; * Oil filter; * Control valves; * Pistons; * Pipes. text/html 2009-08-15T07:04:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydrocarbon_solvents&amp;rev=1250334288 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Solvents Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Hydrocarbon solvents are organic solvents, molecules of which consist only of Hydrogen and carbon atoms. Hydrocarbon solvents are produced in form of volatile fractions in refinery of crude oil. Resulting hydrocarbon solvents contain paraffinic, natphthenic and aromatic constituents in various proportion. text/html 2008-05-17T03:41:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydrochlorofluorocarbon&amp;rev=1211010084 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Fluorocarbon solvent Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (Chlorodifluoromethane, Freon 22) Chemical formula: CHClF2 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density of gas at at boiling point 4.71 kg/m³ 0.29 lb/ft³ Density of liquid at boiling point 1.413*10³ kg/m³ 88.2 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 32°F (0°C) 0.126 … text/html 2012-05-12T09:47:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydrodynamic_journal_bearing&amp;rev=1336830437 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Hydrodynamic journal bearing is a bearing operating with hydrodynamic lubrication, in which the bearing surface is separated from the journal surface by the lubricant film generated by the journal rotation. Most of engine bearings are hydrodynamic journal bearings. text/html 2012-05-12T09:36:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydrodynamic_lubrication_theory&amp;rev=1336829804 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich A theoretical analysis of hydrodynamic lubrication was carried out by Osborne Reynolds. The equations resulted from the analysis has served a basis for designing hydrodynamically lubricated bearings. text/html 2009-12-18T07:31:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydrogen&amp;rev=1261139487 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Gases Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * General information about nitrogen * Extraction (isolation) of hydrogen * Applications of hydrogen * Properties of hydrogen General information about nitrogen Symbol: H Atomic Number: 1 Atomic Weight: 1.00794 Electron Configuration: 1s1 Classification: Non-metal Number of Protons/Electrons: 1 Isotops: Protium H-1 (stable), Deuterium H-2 (stable), Tritiu… text/html 2008-05-17T03:43:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=hydrogen_properties&amp;rev=1211010204 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydrogen to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Hydrogen Classification: Non-metallic, Symbol: H, Crystal structure: Hexagonal, Electron configuration: 1s1 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Atomic radius 0.79 Å 0.79 Å Covalent radius 0.32 Å 0.32 Å Ionic radius 0.012 Å 0.012 Å Valence electron potential -1200 eV -1200 eV Energy of fir… text/html 2011-07-09T08:13:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=imperfections_of_crystal_structure&amp;rev=1310213597 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Fundamentals of metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich There are three conventional types of crystal imperfections: Point defects The simplest point defects are as follows: text/html 2009-04-18T08:10:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=in-situ_fabrication_of_metal_matrix_composites&amp;rev=1240056632 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Metal Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich In situ fabrication of Metal Matrix Composite is a process, in which dispersed (reinforcing) phase is formed in the matrix as a result of precipitation from the melt during its cooling and Solidification. text/html 2008-05-17T03:23:02-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=industrial_gear_oil_iso_100&amp;rev=1211008982 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Gear oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Industrial gear oil ISO 100 Mineral based gear oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.880 *10³ kg/m³ 54.9 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 100 cSt 100 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 11.3 cSt 11.3 cSt Viscosity index 98 98 Timken OK lo… text/html 2008-05-17T03:23:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=industrial_gear_oil_iso_150&amp;rev=1211009001 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Gear oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Industrial gear oil ISO 150 Mineral based gear oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.884 *10³ kg/m³ 55.2 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 149.7 cSt 149.7 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 14.8 cSt 14.8 cSt Viscosity index 98 98 Timken O… text/html 2008-05-17T03:23:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=industrial_gear_oil_iso_220&amp;rev=1211009021 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Gear oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Industrial gear oil ISO 220 Mineral based gear oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.889 *10³ kg/m³ 55.5 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 233 cSt 233 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 19.6 cSt 19.6 cSt Viscosity index 96 96 Timken OK lo… text/html 2008-05-17T03:22:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=industrial_gear_oil_iso_68&amp;rev=1211008966 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Gear oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Industrial gear oil ISO 68 Mineral based gear oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.878 *10³ kg/m³ 54.8 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 67.5 cSt 67.5 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 8.6 cSt 8.6 cSt Viscosity index 97 97 Timken OK loa… text/html 2009-04-01T05:52:10-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=injection_molding_of_polymers&amp;rev=1238579530 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Methods of polymers fabrication Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Injection Molding is a process in which molten polymer is forced under high pressure into a mold cavity through an opening (sprue). text/html 2009-05-16T07:16:37-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=intergranular_corrosion&amp;rev=1242472597 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Intergranular corrosion is an electrochemical oxidation-reduction (redox) process, which is localized in the zones adjacent to the grain boundaries. text/html 2012-04-22T03:12:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=interphases&amp;rev=1335078729 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Interaction between the matrix and the reinforcing fibers provides higher toughness of a ceramic composite as compared to the matrix material in the monolithic state. Such effect is a result of cracks deflection at the matrix-fiber interface. When a crack propagating through the matrix reaches a fiber, the relatively weak bonding (debonding) between the … text/html 2011-01-21T09:04:06-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=investment_casting&amp;rev=1295618646 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Investment (lost wax) casting is a method of precision casting complex near-net-shape details using replication of wax patterns. text/html 2012-04-28T12:35:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ion_exchange_resins&amp;rev=1335630901 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Ion exchange resin is a cross-linked porous polymer substance containing functional (ionogenic) groups with mobile ions, which may be replaced with ions of the same charge dissolved in the surrounding liquid media. text/html 2010-10-08T11:09:29-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ion_nitriding&amp;rev=1286550569 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Heat treatment technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Ion nitriding (plasma nitriding) is a surface Hardening heat treatment, in which Nitrogen is delivered to the workpiece surface in form of ionized gas (plasma). Ion nitriding produces high surface hardness, good wear resistance, increased fatigue strength and toughness. text/html 2010-12-01T08:36:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ionic_and_covalent_bonding&amp;rev=1291210602 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Fundamentals of ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Ceramics (ceramic materials) are non-metallic inorganic compounds formed from metallic (Al, Mg, Na, Ti, W) or semi-metallic (Si, B) and non-metallic (O, N, C) elements. text/html 2011-03-19T13:24:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=iron-carbon_phase_diagram&amp;rev=1300555489 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steels and cast irons Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Iron-carbon phase diagram describes the iron-carbon system of alloys containing up to 6.67% of carbon, discloses the phases compositions and their transformations occurring with the alloys during their cooling or heating. text/html 2011-02-27T05:40:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=iron_ore&amp;rev=1298803255 hematite --- Fe2O3 magnetite ---Fe3O4 wurtzsite ---FeO Geothite --- Fe2O3.H2O Limonite ----2Fe2O3.3H2O Ilimenite----FeOTiO2 text/html 2010-07-31T06:33:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=isostatic_pressing_of_metallic_powders&amp;rev=1280572415 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Powder metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Isostatic pressing is the powder compaction method involving applying pressure from multiple directions through a liquid or gaseous medium surrounding the compacted part. text/html 2008-05-17T02:49:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=isostatically_pressed_graphite&amp;rev=1211006956 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Isostatically pressed graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.83*10³ kg/m³ 114 lb/ft³ Porosity 8 % 8 % Grain size 20 μm 0.79 microinch Permeability 3*10-6 m²/s 4.7*10-3 in²/s Modulus of elasticity 15 GPa 2180 ksi … text/html 2007-07-18T11:07:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=journal_articles&amp;rev=1184771265 You are welcome to submit an article here. text/html 2008-05-17T03:36:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=kerosene&amp;rev=1211009800 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydrocarbon solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Aliphatic solvent Kerosene (kerosine) A complex mixture of hydrocarbons Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 0.8 *10³ kg/m³ 50 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 2.1 cP 1.4*10-3 lb/ft·s Vapor pressure at 77°F (25°C) 2.9 torr 2.9 torr Boiling point 150 ºC … text/html 2009-04-30T09:08:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=kevlar_aramid_fiber_reinforced_polymers&amp;rev=1241096897 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Polymer Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Kevlar is the trade name (registered by DuPont Co.) of aramid (poly-para-phenylene terephthalamide) fibers. Kevlar fibers were originally developed as a replacement of steel in automotive tires. text/html 2009-02-04T08:24:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ladle_refining&amp;rev=1233753867 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steel making Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Vacuum ladle degassing * Recirculation Degassing (RH) * Recirculation Degassing with oxygen top lance (RH-OB) * Ladle Degassing (VD, Tank Degassing) * Vacuum Oxygen Decarburization (VOD) text/html 2009-02-07T03:34:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=laser_peening&amp;rev=1233995688 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal forming technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich [Laser peening.png] Laser peening is a cold work process, in which the metal part is struck by a high energy pulsed laser beam producing high amplitude stress waves. The surface material resists to stretching induced by the stress waves resulting in a formation of a compression stressed skin. A typical laser system used for laser peening has the followin… text/html 2009-02-14T10:24:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=laser_welding_lw&amp;rev=1234625084 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Laser Welding (LW) is a welding process, in which heat is generated by a high energy laser beam targeted on the work piece. The laser beam heats and melts the work pieces edges, forming a joint. Energy of narrow laser beam is highly concentrated: 108-1011 W/in2 (108-1010 W/cm2), therefore diminutive weld pool forms very fast (fo… text/html 2012-05-12T09:45:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=latest_articles&amp;rev=1336830354 * Hydrodynamic lubrication theory * Glass transition * Electropolishing * Ultrasonic processing * Surfactants * Alkaline cleaning * Diamond-Like Carbon * Anti-stiction coatings for MEMS * Adaptive tribological coatings * Geometrical parameters of engine bearings * Tribological properties and applications of alumina * Enhancement of adhesion * Fabrication of Ceramic Matrix Composites by Liquid Silicon Infiltration (LSI) * Black copper oxide coating * Tribology of polymers *… text/html 2012-05-12T09:42:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=lead_based_engine_bearing_overlays&amp;rev=1336830169 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Lead based alloys are still widely used as overlay materials mainly in copper based tri-metal bearings. However in many applications the alloys containing toxic lead are replaced with new developed lead-free materials. Lead based overlay materials have excellent soft anti-friction properties (compatibility, conformability, embedability) but relatively low fat… text/html 2009-05-30T06:31:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=links_to_libraries_of_universities&amp;rev=1243679477 back to Materials Links * Auburn University (USA) * University of Auckland (New Zealand) * University of Bath (UK) * The University of California, Davis (USA) * University of Cincinnati (USA) * Dundalk Institute of technology (Ireland) * Florida Institute of Technology (USA) * Heriot Watt University (UK) * James Cook University (Australia) * Loughborough University (UK) * University of Maine (USA) * University of Saskatchewan (Canada) * The University of She… text/html 2009-04-18T07:53:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=liquid_state_fabrication_of_metal_matrix_composites&amp;rev=1240055595 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Metal Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Liquid state fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites involves incorporation of dispersed phase into a molten matrix metal, followed by its Solidification. text/html 2008-05-16T14:50:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=low_alloyed_titanium_alloy_grade_12&amp;rev=1210963842 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Commercially pure and low alloyed titanium alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Low alloyed titanium, (Grade 12, Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni) Chemical composition: O=0.25% max., Fe=0.3% max., Mo=0.3%, Ni=0.8%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.51 *10³ kg/m³ 282 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (… text/html 2008-05-16T14:50:10-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=low_alloyed_titanium_alloy_grade_7&amp;rev=1210963810 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Commercially pure and low alloyed titanium alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Low alloyed titanium, Grade 7 (Ti-0.15Pd) Chemical composition: O=0.25% max., Fe=0.3% max., Pd=0.15%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.51 *10³ kg/m³ 282 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 8.6*1… text/html 2008-05-17T02:49:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=low_porosity_isostatically_pressed_graphite&amp;rev=1211006975 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Low porosity isostatically pressed graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.87*10³ kg/m³ 117 lb/ft³ Porosity 6 % 6 % Modulus of elasticity 12.5 GPa 1810 ksi Flexural strength 50 MPa 7250 psi Compressive strength 105 MPa … text/html 2008-05-17T03:24:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=low_temperature_hydraulic_oil_iso_22&amp;rev=1211009063 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydraulic oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Low temperature hydraulic oil ISO 22 Mineral based hydraulic oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.864 *10³ kg/m³ 53.9 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 21.6 cSt 21.6 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 4.23 cSt 4.23 cSt Viscosity index 99 … text/html 2008-05-17T02:50:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=low_thermal_conductivity_compression_molded_graphite&amp;rev=1211007027 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Low thermal conductivity compression molded graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.55*10³ kg/m³ 96.8 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 9.5 GPa 1380 ksi Flexural strength 15 MPa 2180 psi Compressive strength 50 MPa 7250 psi Hardn… text/html 2008-05-17T02:48:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=low_thermal_conductivity_isostatically_pressed_graphite&amp;rev=1211006936 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Low thermal conductivity isostatically pressed graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.60*10³ kg/m³ 99.9 lb/ft³ Porosity 18 % 18 % Grain size 20 μm 0.79 microinch Permeability 5*10-5 m²/s 7.8*10-2 in²/s Modulus of elastic… text/html 2008-05-17T02:50:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=low_thermal_expansion_isostatically_pressed_graphite&amp;rev=1211007007 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Low thermal expansion isostatically pressed graphite Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.73*10³ kg/m³ 108 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 10.0 GPa 1450 ksi Flexural strength 40 MPa 5800 psi Compressive strength 90 MPa 13050 psi Hardn… text/html 2009-07-11T08:30:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=lubricants&amp;rev=1247315448 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids * Classification of lubricants * Additives in lubricating oils * Biodegradation of oils * Engine oils * Gear oils * Hydraulic oils * Cutting fluids (coolants) * Way lubricants * Compressor oils * Rust protection oils * Quenching and heat transfer oils * Transformer oils (insulating oils) * Solid lubricants * Graphite as solid lubricant * Molybdenum disulfide as solid lubricant * Boron nitride as solid … text/html 2012-05-12T09:37:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=lubrication_regimes&amp;rev=1336829868 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Sliding friction is significantly reduced by an addition of a lubricant between the rubbing surfaces. Engine bearings are lubricated by Engine oils constantly supplied in sufficient amounts to the bearings surfaces. Lubricated friction is characterized by the presence of a thin film of the pressurized lubricant (squeeze film) between the surfaces of the beari… text/html 2012-02-11T12:06:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=lyophilic_and_lyophobic_colloids&amp;rev=1328980014 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Dispersions Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Depending on the affinity of the dispersion media for the dispersed phase two types of Colloids exist: * Lyophilic colloids * Lyophobic colloids text/html 2010-07-24T09:07:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=machining_graphite_and_carbon&amp;rev=1279976837 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Carbon materials Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Cutting Graphite (or carbon) is different from cutting Metals. Metal exerts plastic deformation when a tool edge cuts it producing a curl or chips. When a graphite is machined small powder-like particles separate from the workpiece as a result of brittle fracture caused by the stress produced by the cutting tool edge. Cutting graphite operation consumes much less ene… text/html 2010-12-01T08:41:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=machining_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1291210911 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Ceramics have a unique combination of mechanical, physical and chemical properties: * High strength * Hardness * Low density * High stiffness (modulus of elasticity) * Good tribological properties (e.g., excellent resistance to different types of wear} * Very low electric conductivity * Very low thermal conductivity * High refractoriness and thermal stability * Good corrosion r… text/html 2009-05-17T04:16:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=macro-examination_of_metallographic_specimens&amp;rev=1242548192 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metallographic examination Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Macro- (Macrography, Macrostructure) Examination is a method of examination of large regions of the specimen surface or fractured section with the naked eye or under low magnification. The following macrostructure details may be studied: text/html 2009-02-04T08:33:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=macrosegregation_in_steel_ingots&amp;rev=1233754391 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steel making Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Solidification of a liquid alloy is characterized by a phenomenon called segregation. Segregation is a separation of impurities and alloying elements in different regions of solidified alloy. Segregation is caused by the rejection of the solutes from a solidified alloy into the liquid phase. This rejection is a result of different solubility of impurities in liquid … text/html 2010-12-01T08:59:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=magnesia_ceramic_30_porosity&amp;rev=1291211963 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Magnesia ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Magnesia ceramic (30% porosity) Chemical composition: MgO Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.5 *10³ kg/m³ 156.1 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 90 GPa 13050 ksi Flexural strength 50 MPa 7250 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 12*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.7*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Thermal con… text/html 2010-12-01T08:59:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=magnesia_ceramic_dense_magnesia&amp;rev=1291211943 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Magnesia ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Magnesia ceramic (Dense Magnesia) Chemical composition: MgO Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.4 *10³ kg/m³ 212.2 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 250 GPa 36300 ksi Flexural strength 165 MPa 23900 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 13.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.5*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Ther… text/html 2010-07-17T12:18:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=magnesia_ceramics&amp;rev=1279383516 Array Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Oxide ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Magnesia Ceramic is a ceramic material consisting of at least 90% of Magnesium Oxide (MgO). Magnesium Oxide is produced from natural minerals such as magnesite (magnesium carbonate), magnesium chloride rich brine, and seawater. text/html 2008-04-05T02:38:05-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=magnesium_alloys&amp;rev=1207377485 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Classification of magnesium alloys * Wrought magnesium alloys * Cast magnesium alloys Related internal links * Steels and cast irons * Aluminum alloys * Copper alloys * Nickel alloys * Titanium alloys * Extractive metallurgy of magnesium text/html 2012-01-07T04:16:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=main_page&amp;rev=1325927791 SubsTech (Substances & Technologies) - free and open knowledge source on Materials Engineering [Array]Fundamentals of metalsSolidificationPhase transformations and phase diagramsMicrosegregationBasic principles of heat treatmentSpinodal decompositionPlastic deformationCorrosion and oxidationMetal properties and testsMetallographic examinationExtractive metallurgySteel makingFoundry technologiesMetal forming technologiesHeat treatment technologiesCoating technologiesMetal joining technologiesPow… text/html 2008-05-16T13:20:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=malleable_cast_iron_astm_a220&amp;rev=1210958425 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast irons to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) Malleable cast iron ASTM A220 Chemical composition: C=2-2.7%, Mn=0.25-1.25%, Si=1-1.75%, S=0.03-0.18%, P=0.05%max Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.2 *10³-7.45 *10³ kg/m³ 450-465 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 172 GPa 25000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 11.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6… text/html 2012-05-12T09:42:26-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=manufacturing_bi-metal_strips_for_aluminum_bearings&amp;rev=1336830146 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Most Aluminum based bearing materials have bi-metal structure: aluminum alloy bonded to a steel back. Bonding of the two layers is performed by cold Rolling of a continuously cast strip of aluminum bearing alloy together with a strip of low carbon steel (carbon 0.08-0.12%). Technology of manufacturing bi-metal strips for aluminum bearings: text/html 2012-05-12T09:41:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=manufacturing_bi-metal_strips_for_copper_bearings&amp;rev=1336830078 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The following processes are used for manufacturing bi-metal strips for copper based engine bearings: * Sintering process for copper based bi-metal strips * Casting process for copper based bi-metal strips text/html 2008-05-17T03:47:37-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=material_table_template&amp;rev=1211010457 (submitted by <Wright here your real name>) <Wtight here the material name> Chemical composition: <wright here the chemical composition> Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Property1 Property2 Property3 Property4 Property5 Property6 Property7 Property8 Property9 Property10 text/html 2008-12-13T04:02:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=materials_data&amp;rev=1229158943 We do not warrant accuracy of the Material Data contained herein. Material properties depend on various factors:exact chemical composition, dimensions, parameters of manufacturing methods, tempering conditions etc. They are valid for particular products of particular suppliers and may be used only for approximate estimations and comparative material selections. Properties presented in the Material Data tables are not for design purposes. Your engineering calculations and final material selection… text/html 2009-01-16T06:29:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=materials_departments_of_universities&amp;rev=1232105358 back to Materials Links * Africa * Northern America * Central and South America * Asia * Australia and New Zealand * Europe Africa Cairo University (Egypt) Obafemi Awolowo University (Nigeria) University of Johannesburg (South Africa) University of Pretoria (South Africa) University of the Witwatersrand (South Africa) to the top text/html 2009-05-15T03:36:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=materials_engineering&amp;rev=1242373015 * Metals * Ceramics * Polymers * Composites * Fluids * Materials Data * Materials Links * Contents Array text/html 2011-10-18T08:43:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=materials_for_joint_prostheses&amp;rev=1318941819 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Applications of ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Implanting joint prostheses has been successfully used in the therapeutic practice since 1950s. * Metals and polymers for joint prostheses * Alumina ceramic for joint prostheses * Zirconia ceramic for joint prostheses text/html 2008-10-18T04:57:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=materials_links&amp;rev=1224320264 Links related to specific subjects of Materials Engineering and Materials Science are located in the relevant articles. Here below are links of general interest. * General Materials Links * Links to the Libraries of Universities * Materials departments of universities text/html 2008-05-17T03:09:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=maximum_gap_cyanoacrylate_adhesive&amp;rev=1211008199 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Classification of adhesives to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Maximum gap cyanoacrylate adhesive Single component moisture activated curing cyanoacrylate adhesives Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Viscosity at 77°F (25°C) 23000 cP 0.480 lbf*sec/ft² Fixture time, steel, 77°F (25°C) 15 min 15 min Maximum gap 0.508 mm 0.02 in Shear s… text/html 2012-05-12T09:39:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=mechanisms_of_wear&amp;rev=1336829949 to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Wear is the removal of the material from the surface of a solid body as a result of mechanical action of the counterbody. Wear of Engine bearings is the removal of the bearing material from its surface caused by sliding friction between the bearing and the crankshaft. Wear may combine effects of various physical and chemical processes proceeding during the friction between two counteracting materials: micro-cutting, micro-ploughi… text/html 2011-01-21T09:03:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=melting_furnaces&amp;rev=1295618587 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Cupola furnace * Electric Arc furnace * Induction furnace * Crucible furnace Cupola furnace The most popular melting furnace in the ferrous foundries is cupola furnace. text/html 2009-05-03T09:23:37-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_forming_technologies&amp;rev=1241357017 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Rolling * Forging * Extrusion * Drawing * Deep drawing * Steel strip processing * Shot peening * Laser peening Related internal links * Extractive metallurgy * Steel making * Foundry technologies * Heat treatment technologies * Powder metallurgy * Coating technologies * Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) * Engine bearings * Plastic deformation * Imperfections of crystal st… text/html 2009-02-14T11:02:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_inert_gas_welding_mig_gmaw&amp;rev=1234627344 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Metal Inert Gas Welding (Gas Metal Arc Welding) is a arc welding process, in which the weld is shielded by an external gas (Argon, helium, CO2, argon + Oxygen or other gas mixtures). Consumable electrode wire, having chemical composition similar to that of the parent material, is continuously fed from a spool to the arc zone.… text/html 2010-07-31T06:33:58-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_injection_molding&amp;rev=1280572438 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Powder metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Metal injection molding (MIM) is a method of compaction of a metal powder fed and injected into a mold cavity by means of a screw rotating in cylinder. text/html 2009-05-03T09:25:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_joining_technologies_welding_brazing_soldering&amp;rev=1241357154 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Classification of welding processes * Principles of arc welding * Carbon Arc Welding * Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) * Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) * Metal Inert Gas Welding (MIG, GMAW) * Tungsten Inert Gas Arc Welding (TIG, GTAW) * Electroslag Welding (ESW) * Plasma Arc Welding (PAW) * Resistance Welding (RW) * Gas Welding (GW) * Electron Beam Welding (EBW) * Solid State Welding (SSW) * Thermit We… text/html 2008-05-17T03:12:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_matrix_composite_2124-25_sic&amp;rev=1211008366 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metal Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Metal Matrix Composite 2124-25%SiC Composition: Aluminum alloy 2124 + 25%SiC particles Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.88*10³ kg/m³ 180 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 115 GPa 16680 ksi Tensile strength 650 MPa 94270 psi Yield strength 480 MPa 69620… text/html 2008-05-17T03:13:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_matrix_composite_al-2_cu-60_al2o3_fiber&amp;rev=1211008412 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metal Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Metal Matrix Composite Al-2%Cu-60% Al2O3 fiber Composition: Aluminum alloy (2%Cu)+ 60 vol.% Al2O3 continuous fibers Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.4 *10³ kg/m³ 212 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity (long.) 240 GPa 34800 ksi Modulus of elasticity (trans.) 160 GP… text/html 2008-05-17T03:13:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_matrix_composite_al-60_al2o3_fiber&amp;rev=1211008387 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metal Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites Metal Matrix Composite Al-60% Al2O3 fiber Composition: Pure aluminum+ 60 vol.% Al2O3 continuous fibers Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.4 *10³ kg/m³ 212 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity (long.) 240 GPa 34800 ksi Modulus of elasticity (trans.) 130 GPa 18850 ksi Tensile strength (longitude.) 1600 … text/html 2008-05-17T03:12:28-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_matrix_composite_duralcan_f3s.20s&amp;rev=1211008348 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metal Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Metal matrix Composite Duralcan F3S.20S Composition: Aluminum alloy 359 + 20%SiC particles Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.85 *10³ kg/m³ 178 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 98.6 GPa 14300 ksi Tensile strength (T6) 359 MPa 52070 psi Yield strength (T6) 3… text/html 2008-05-17T03:12:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_matrix_composite_mc-21&amp;rev=1211008329 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metal Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Metal Matrix Composite MC-21 Composition: Aluminum alloy 359 + 20% SiC particles Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.85 *10³ kg/m³ 178 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 102.3 GPa 14800 ksi Tensile strength (T6) 299 MPa 43370 psi Yield strength (T6) 278 MPa … text/html 2010-07-10T11:42:13-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_matrix_composites&amp;rev=1278776533 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites * Metal Matrix Composites (introduction) * Liquid state fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites * Solid state fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites * In-situ fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites * Fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites by co-deposition text/html 2009-04-18T07:46:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_matrix_composites_introduction&amp;rev=1240055196 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Metal Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the classification of composite materials: Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) is a material consisting of a metallic matrix combined with a ceramic (oxides, carbides) or metallic (lead, tungsten, molybdenum) dispersed phase. text/html 2009-01-10T09:47:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metal_properties_and_tests&amp;rev=1231598869 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Physical properties of metals * Tensile test and Stress-Strain Diagram * Hardness test methods * Hardness Conversion Table * Fracture Toughness * Fatigue * Creep * Chemical Composition Evaluation text/html 2009-02-03T16:32:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metallographic_examination-introduction&amp;rev=1233696745 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metallographic examination Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Metallography relates to the methods of studying structure of metals and alloys: Macro- (Macrography, Macrostructure) Examination is a method of examination of large regions of the specimen surface or fractured section, allowing to determine character of the structure, defects and segregation of alloying elements with the naked eye or under low magnification. text/html 2009-01-10T09:48:26-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metallographic_examination&amp;rev=1231598906 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Metallographic examination - introduction * Macro-examination of metallographic specimens * Specimen polishing technique * Etching metallographic specimens * Metallurgical Microscope * Scanning Electron Microscope text/html 2011-02-27T06:04:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metallurgical_coal&amp;rev=1298804690 natural coal can not be used as a fuel for iron making bcz it is too dense and fragile. coke is the raw material for iron making. quality of the coke depends on the qlty of the coal used. coke increses the cost of iron or steel production by 20%. if qlty of ore is improved by 1% ,coke consumption decreased by 0.8-1.2%. coke shoud not contain ash content more then 10% bcz it alters the schedules of the blast f/c. text/html 2009-02-03T16:38:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metallurgical_microscope&amp;rev=1233697110 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metallographic examination Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Metallurgical microscope is the optical microscope, differing from other microscopes in the method of the specimen illumination. text/html 2009-05-03T09:10:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metals&amp;rev=1241356244 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Engineering * Fundamentals of metals * Basic processes in metals * Corrosion and oxidation * Metal properties and tests * Metallographic examination * Extractive metallurgy * Steel making * Foundry technologies * Metal forming technologies * Heat treatment technologies * Powder metallurgy * Coating technologies * Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) * Steels and cast irons * Alu… text/html 2010-06-27T06:29:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=metals_crystal_structure&amp;rev=1277634584 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Fundamentals of metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich There are two main forms of solid substance, characterizing different atoms arrangement in their microstructures: amorphous and crystalline. text/html 2012-04-28T12:33:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=methods_of_polymers_fabrication&amp;rev=1335630787 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers * Thermoforming * Extrusion of polymers * Injection molding of polymers * Blow molding * Compression molding of polymers * Transfer molding of polymers Related internal links * Polymer structure * Glass transition * Polymer materials (Introduction) * Elastomers * Thermoplastics * Thermosets * Tribology of polymers * Shore (Durometer) hardness test * Vulcanization of rubber * Plastics welding … text/html 2010-12-01T08:40:10-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=methods_of_shape_forming_ceramic_powders&amp;rev=1291210810 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Prior to shape forming ceramic powders are mixed with processing additives (binders, plasticizers, lubricants, deflocculants, water etc.). Powder preparation stage is followed by shape forming stage. text/html 2008-05-17T03:41:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=methyl_iodide&amp;rev=1211010115 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Iodinated solvent Methyl Iodide (iodomethane) Chemical formula: CH3I Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 2.27*10³ kg/m³ 142 lb/ft³ Vapor pressure at 68°F (20°C) 50 kPa 7.3 psi Boiling point 42 ºC 108 ºF Melting Point -66 ºC -88 ºF Related internal… text/html 2011-04-06T08:20:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=methylene_chloride&amp;rev=1302092423 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Chlorinated solvent Methylene chloride Chemical formula: CH2Cl2 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 1.32*10³ kg/m³ 82.4 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 0.43 cP 2.89*10-4 lb/ft·s Surface tension at 68°F (20°C) 0.028 N/m 1.60*10-4 lbf/in Vapor pressure at 68°… text/html 2009-02-02T13:06:02-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=microsegregation&amp;rev=1233597962 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Basic processes in metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Solidification of a liquid alloy is characterized by a phenomenon called segregation. Segregation is a separation of impurities and alloying elements in different regions of solidified alloy. Segregation is caused by the rejection of the solutes from a solidified alloy into the liquid phase. This rejection is a result of different solubility of impuritie… text/html 2008-05-17T03:34:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=mineral_transformer_oil&amp;rev=1211009682 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Transformer oils (insulating oils) to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Mineral transformer oil Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.880 *10³ kg/m³ 54.9 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 22 cSt 22 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 2.6 cSt 2.6 cSt Fire point 170 ºC 338 ºF … text/html 2009-06-25T10:30:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=molybdenum_disulfide_as_solid_lubricant&amp;rev=1245940239 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a crystalline lamellar structure material contained in the natural mineral Molybdenite. Molybdenum disulfide is a solid lubricant relating to the class of Inorganic lubricants with lamellar structure, which also includes molybdenum Graphite, boron nitride (BN) and some other sulphides, selenides and tellurides (chalcogenides) of molybdenum, … text/html 2010-10-24T09:08:19-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=multiquiz&amp;rev=1287925699 DELETE text/html 2007-08-02T10:20:20-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=new_registered_material_experts&amp;rev=1186064420 * Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich text/html 2008-05-16T14:43:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=nickel-copper_alloy_monel_400&amp;rev=1210963422 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Nickel-copper alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Nickel-Copper Alloy (Monel 400) Chemical composition: Cu=31%, Ni=63% min. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.80 *10³ kg/m³ 549 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 179 GPa 26000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 13.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.7*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 427… text/html 2008-05-16T14:44:08-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=nickel-copper_alloy_monel_405&amp;rev=1210963448 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Nickel-copper alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Nickel-Copper Alloy (Monel 405) Chemical composition: Cu=31%, Ni=63% min. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.80 *10³ kg/m³ 549 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 179 GPa 26000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 13.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.6*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 427… text/html 2008-05-16T14:44:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=nickel-copper_alloy_monel_k-500&amp;rev=1210963470 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Nickel-copper alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Nickel-Copper Alloy (Monel K-500) Chemical composition: Cu=30%, Al=2.7%, Ti=0.6% Ni=63% min. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.44 *10³ kg/m³ 527 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 179 GPa 26000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 13.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.6*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific … text/html 2009-02-28T07:07:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=nickel-copper_alloys&amp;rev=1235822854 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Nickel alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Nickel-Copper Alloys (trade mark Monel) are nickel base alloys containing 29-33% of copper (Cu) as the major alloying element. Copper and nickel form mono-phase solid solution. text/html 2008-02-04T20:29:29-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=nickel_alloys&amp;rev=1202174969 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Classification of nickel alloys * Commercially pure nickel alloys * Nickel-copper alloys * Non-heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys * Heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys text/html 2012-04-28T04:38:00-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=nickel_electroplating&amp;rev=1335602280 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Properties of nickel coatings * Basics of nickel electroplating * Nickel coating thickness * Problems and troubleshooting * Watts nickel plating solutions * Nickel sulfamate solutions * All-Chloride solutions * Sulfate-Chloride solutions * Fluoborate solutions * Hard nickel solutions text/html 2010-12-01T09:01:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=nitride_bonded_silicon_carbide_ceramic_nsc&amp;rev=1291212095 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbide ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Nitride Bonded Silicon Carbide (NSC) Chemical composition: SiC Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.82*10³ kg/m³ 176 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 195 GPa 28300 ksi Flexural strength 200 MPa 29000 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 4.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 2.3*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Therm… text/html 2010-12-01T08:47:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=nitride_ceramics&amp;rev=1291211252 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Non-oxide ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The following groups of materials relate Nitride ceramics: * Silicon Nitride * Gas Pressure Sintered Silicon Nitride (GPSSN) * Low Pressure Sintered Silicon Nitride (SSN) * Hot Pressed Silicon Nitride (HPSN) * Reaction Bonded Silicon Nitride (RBSN) * Aluminum Nitride * Silicon Aluminum Oxynitride (SIALON) text/html 2009-12-18T07:30:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=nitrogen&amp;rev=1261139450 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Gases Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * General information about nitrogen * Extraction (isolation) of nitrogen * Applications of nitrogen * Nitrogen cycle * Properties of nitrogen text/html 2009-12-18T07:28:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=nitrogen_membrane_generator&amp;rev=1261139315 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Gases Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Nitrogen membrane generators separate Nitrogen from Oxygen and other air components due to their selective permeability through the wall of membranes. Polymeric hollow fiber membranes with diameter of about 4 µinch (0.1 mm) are used in nitrogen generators. Principle of operation of a gas separation membrane: text/html 2008-05-17T03:42:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=nitrogen_properties&amp;rev=1211010161 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Nitrogen to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Nitrogen Classification: Non-metal, Group: Pnictogen, Symbol: N, Crystal structure: Hexagonal, Electron configuration: 1s2 2s2p3 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Atomic radius 0.75 Å 0.75 Å Covalent radius 0.75 Å 0.75 Å Ionic radius (-3) 1.71 Å 1.71 Å Valence electron potential -550 eV -55… text/html 2008-05-16T14:46:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=non-heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloy_hastelloy_x&amp;rev=1210963575 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Non-heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Non-heat-treatable Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Hastelloy X Chemical composition: Cr=22%, Fe=18%, Mo=9%, W=0.6%, Co=1.5%, C=0.1%, Ni=47% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.22*10³ kg/m³ 513 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 196 GPa 28500 ksi Thermal expansion … text/html 2008-05-16T14:45:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=non-heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloy_incoloy_800&amp;rev=1210963536 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Non-heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Non-heat-treatable Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Incoloy 800 Chemical composition: Cr=21%, Fe=39.5% min, Al=0.4%, Ti=0.4%, Ni=32.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.94*10³ kg/m³ 496 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 196 GPa 28500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 º… text/html 2008-05-16T14:45:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=non-heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloy_incoloy_800ht&amp;rev=1210963557 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Non-heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Non-heat-treatable Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Incoloy 800HT Chemical composition: Cr=21%, Fe=39.5% min, Al=0.4%, Ti=0.4%, C=0.06%, Ni=32.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.94*10³ kg/m³ 496 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 196 GPa 28500 ksi Thermal expa… text/html 2008-05-16T14:44:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=non-heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloy_inconel_600&amp;rev=1210963495 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Non-heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Non-heat-treatable Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Inconel 600 Chemical composition: Cr=15.5%, Fe=2.5%, Ni=72% min. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.47 *10³ kg/m³ 529 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 207 GPa 30000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 13.3*10-6 … text/html 2008-05-16T14:45:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=non-heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloy_inconel_625&amp;rev=1210963515 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Non-heat-treatable nickel-chromium-iron alloys to Properties of nickel alloys (submitted by the website administration) Non-heat-treatable Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy Inconel 625 Chemical composition: Cr=21.5%, Fe=8%, Mo=9%, Nb=3.65%, Ni=58% min. Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.44 *10³ kg/m³ 527 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 201 GPa 29200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC)… text/html 2009-02-28T07:08:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=non-heat-treatable_nickel-chromium-iron_alloys&amp;rev=1235822936 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Nickel alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Non-heat-treatable Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys are nickel base alloys, containing 15-22% of chromium (Cr) and up to 50% of iron (Fe) as the major alloying elements. text/html 2009-02-04T08:31:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=non-metallic_inclusions_in_steel&amp;rev=1233754307 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steel making Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Non-metallic inclusions are chemical compounds of metals (Fe, Mn, Al, Si, Ca) with non-metals (O, S, C, H, N). Non-metallic inclusions form separate phases. The non-metallic phases containing more than one compound (eg. different oxides, oxide+sulfide) are called complex non-metallic inclusions (spinels, silicates, oxysulfides, carbonitrides). Despite of small content o… text/html 2010-12-01T08:46:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=non-oxide_ceramics&amp;rev=1291211211 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics * Carbide ceramics * Nitride ceramics Related internal links * Fundamentals of ceramics * Bayer process * Sol-Gel process * Methods of shape forming ceramic powders * Sintering of ceramics * Spark plasma sintering * Machining of ceramics * Ceramic properties and tests * Oxide ceramics * Silicate ceramics * Carbon materials * Applications of ceramics text/html 2010-10-08T11:07:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=normalizing&amp;rev=1286550456 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Heat treatment technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Normalizing is a process in which a steel is heated to about 100°F (55°C) above the upper critical temperature, followed by soaking and cooling in still air at room temperature. text/html 2009-05-16T12:17:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=open_mold_fabrication_of_polymer_matrix_composites&amp;rev=1242490667 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Polymer Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Open Molding (Contact Molding) is the simplest method of fabrication of Polymer Matrix Composites. Open Molding is usually used for manufacturing large individual parts (swimming pools, boat bodies). text/html 2011-10-17T11:00:05-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=oxide_ceramics&amp;rev=1318863605 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics * Alumina ceramics * Magnesia ceramics * Zirconia ceramics * Aluminum titanate ceramics * Wear resistant alumina coatings * Tribological properties and applications of alumina text/html 2009-12-18T07:29:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=oxygen&amp;rev=1261139375 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Gases Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * General information about oxygen * Extraction (isolation) of oxygen * Applications of oxygen * Properties of oxygen General information about oxygen Symbol: O Atomic Number: 8 Atomic Weight: 15.9994 Electron Configuration: 1s2 2s2p4 Classification: Non-metal Group: Chalcogen Number of Protons/Electrons: 8 Isotops: O-15 (half-life 122.2 sec.), O-16 (sta… text/html 2008-05-17T03:42:22-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=oxygen_properties&amp;rev=1211010142 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Oxygen to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Oxygen Classification: Non-metal, Group: Chalcogen, Symbol: O, Crystal structure: Cubic, Electron configuration: 1s2 2s2p4 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Atomic radius 0.65 Å 0.65 Å Covalent radius 0.73 Å 0.73 Å Ionic radius (-2) 1.4 Å 1.4 Å Lattice constant 6.83 Å 6.83 Å Valence elec… text/html 2012-04-28T12:34:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=paints&amp;rev=1335630878 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers * Composition of paints * Classification of paints * Solvent-borne paints * Water-borne paints * High-solids paints * Powder coatings * Radiation curable coatings * Enhancement of adhesion text/html 2008-05-17T03:38:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=perchlorethylene&amp;rev=1211009924 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Chlorinated solvent Perchlorethylene Chemical formula: Cl2C=CCl2 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 1.62*10³ kg/m³ 101.3 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 0.80 cP 5.37*10-4 lb/ft·s Surface tension at 68°F (20°C) 0.032 N/m 1.83*10-4 lbf/in Vapor pressure at 68… text/html 2011-01-21T09:04:28-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=permanent_mold_casting&amp;rev=1295618668 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Permanent mold casting (gravity die casting) is a casting process involving pouring a molten metal by gravity into a steel (or cast iron) mold. text/html 2009-02-02T13:04:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=phase_transformations_and_phase_diagrams&amp;rev=1233597892 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Basic processes in metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich In contrast to pure metals, which solidify at a constant temperature - freezing point, alloys solidify over a range of temperature, depending on the alloy components and their concentrations. text/html 2012-04-14T07:21:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=phosphate_coating&amp;rev=1334402492 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Phosphate coating (phosphating) is a conversion coating consisting of an insoluble crystalline metal-phosphate salt formed in a chemical reaction between the substrate metal and a phosphoric acid solution containing ions of metals (zinc, iron or magnesium). Conversion coating is a film of a chemical compound formed in the reaction of the substrate substance wi… text/html 2009-02-03T16:21:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=physical_properties_of_metals&amp;rev=1233696095 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal properties and tests Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Optical properties Metals reflect equally nearly all visible electro-magnetic waves. Therefore the color of the most of the metals is white or silvery-white (except copper and gold). text/html 2009-05-16T06:27:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=pitting_corrosion&amp;rev=1242469643 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Pitting corrosion is an electrochemical oxidation-reduction (redox) process, which occurs within localized holes (cells) on the surface of metals coated with a passive film. Pitting corrosion is considered much more dangerous than uniform corrosion since its rate is 10-100 times higher. Pitting corrosion is highly accelerated if chloride, sulphate or bromide … text/html 2009-02-14T10:02:05-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=plasma_arc_welding_paw&amp;rev=1234623725 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Plasma Arc Welding is the welding process utilizing heat generated by a constricted arc struck between a tungsten non-consumable electrode and either the work piece (transferred arc process) or water cooled constricting nozzle (non-transferred arc process). Plasma is a gaseous mixture of positive ions, electrons and neutral gas… text/html 2009-02-02T13:10:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=plastic_deformation&amp;rev=1233598245 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Basic processes in metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Plastic deformation is a change of the material dimensions remaining after removal of the load caused the deformation. text/html 2012-04-28T12:35:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=plastics_recycling&amp;rev=1335630925 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The global annual production of polymer (plastic) products is about 100 million tons. About 8% of total oil production is consumed for the plastic industry (both as raw material and energy source). Most plastic products has a short life cycle (less than one year), therefore plastic waste constitutes a relatively large part in the total waste weight - about 10% (26% by volume). The ann… text/html 2012-04-28T12:38:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=plastics_welding&amp;rev=1335631118 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Plastics welding is the process of joining two pieces of Thermoplastics at heated state and under a pressure as a result of cross-linking of their polymer molecules. The work pieces are fused together with or without filler material. The joint forms when the parts are cooled below the Glass Transition Temperature (for amorphous polymers) or below the melting temperature (for crystalline p… text/html 2008-05-17T03:33:37-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=pneumatic_equipment_lubricating_and_rust_protection_oil_iso_22&amp;rev=1211009617 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Rust protection oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Pneumatic equipment lubricating and rust protection oil ISO 22 Mineral paraffinic based oil with corrosion inhibitor Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.855 *10³ kg/m³ 53.4 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 23.0 cSt 23.0 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (10… text/html 2008-05-17T03:33:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=pneumatic_equipment_lubricating_and_rust_protection_oil_iso_32&amp;rev=1211009633 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Rust protection oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Pneumatic equipment lubricating and rust protection oil ISO 32 Mineral paraffinic based oil with corrosion inhibitor Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.862 *10³ kg/m³ 53.8 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 32.1 cSt 32.1 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (10… text/html 2009-05-22T11:56:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=polarization&amp;rev=1243007781 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Polarization is a deviation of the electrochemical process from equilibrium due to an electric current passing through the galvanic cell. Polarization may occur either at the cathode (cathodic polarization) or at the anode (anodic polarization). Cathodic polarization is common. There are three types of polarization: text/html 2008-05-17T03:17:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=polyester_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_glass_fibers_fiberglass&amp;rev=1211008635 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fiberglasses to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Fiberglass Composition: Glass fibers reinforced polyester matrix composite Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.8 *10³ kg/m³ 114 lb/ft³ Tensile modulus (LW) 17.2 GPa 2500 ksi Tensile modulus (CW) 5.5 GPa 800 ksi Compressive modulus (LW) 17.2 GPa 2500 ksi Compressive modulu… text/html 2008-02-04T09:03:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=polyether_ether_ketone_b_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_30_carbon_fibers&amp;rev=1202133781 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composition: 30% carbon fibers in polyether ether ketone B (PEEK) matrix Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.4 *10³ kg/m³ 88 lb/ft³ Tensile modulus 22.3 GPa 3200 ksi Tensile strength 215 MPa 31000 psi Elongation a… text/html 2012-05-12T09:44:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=polymer_based_engine_bearing_overlays&amp;rev=1336830257 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Modern design of internal combustion engines has a tendency to reduce the weight and dimensions of the engines and to increase their power and rotation speed. In addition to this the engine designers are required to diminish the fuel consumption as a response to more strict regulations of air pollution, expensive crude oil and climate change (greenhouse effect… text/html 2012-04-28T12:29:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=polymer_materials_introduction&amp;rev=1335630596 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich There are three general groups of polymer materials: * Elastomers * Thermoplastics * Thermosets Elastomers Elastomers are polymers possessing high elasticity - may be reversibly stretched at high degree. text/html 2010-07-10T11:42:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=polymer_matrix_composites&amp;rev=1278776555 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites * Polymer Matrix Composites (introduction) * Fiberglasses * Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites * Kevlar (aramid) fiber reinforced polymers * Open mold fabrication of Polymer Matrix Composites * Closed mold fabrication of Polymer Matrix Composites * Pultrusion text/html 2009-04-30T09:04:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=polymer_matrix_composites_introduction&amp;rev=1241096694 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Polymer Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Classification of composites: Polymer Matrix Composite (PMC) is the material consisting of a polymer (resin) matrix combined with a fibrous reinforcing dispersed phase. Polymer Matrix Composites are very popular due to their low cost and simple fabrication methods. text/html 2012-04-28T12:31:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=polymer_structure&amp;rev=1335630664 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Polymer is a substance (natural or synthetic), molecules of which consist of numerous small repeated chemical units (monomers) linked to each other in a regular pattern. text/html 2012-04-28T12:28:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=polymers&amp;rev=1335630510 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Engineering * Polymer materials (Introduction) * Polymer structure * Glass transition * Elastomers * Thermoplastics * Thermosets * Tribology of polymers * Shore (Durometer) hardness test * Methods of polymers fabrication * Vulcanization of rubber * Plastics welding * Adhesives * Paints * Ion exchange resins * Plastics recycling text/html 2009-06-26T08:45:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=polytetrafluoroethylene_ptfe_as_solid_lubricant&amp;rev=1246020347 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a crystalline polymer consisting of long parallel macro-molecules, each of them is made of a carbon chain surrounded by fluorine atoms forming a linear repeating structure -CF2-CF2-CF2-. The monomer molecules (tetrafluoroethylene) have the structure F2C=CF2. The fluorine atoms covering the carbon chain protect it from chemical activity. … text/html 2008-05-17T03:11:33-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=polyvinyl_acetate_adhesive_pva&amp;rev=1211008293 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Classification of adhesives to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Polyvinyl acetate adhesive High viscosity homopolymer aqueous emulsion of vinyl acetate stabilised with polyvinyl alcohol Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.10 *10³ kg/m³ 68.7 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 77°F (25°C) 15000 cP 0.313 lbf*sec/ft² PH 3 3 Particle size 0.… text/html 2009-05-16T06:25:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=pourbaix_diagrams&amp;rev=1242469539 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Pourbaix diagram (Electrode potential / PH diagram) is a graphical presentation of the thermodynamic equilibrium states of a metal-electrolyte system. Pourbaix diagrams are plotted in the axes Electrode potential of the metal vs. PH of the electrolyte. Oxidizing conditions are described by the top part of the diagram (high positive electrode potential). Re… text/html 2011-10-08T13:33:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=powder_coatings&amp;rev=1318095189 to Polymers to Paints Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Powder coatings are the paints containing 100% of solid components (binders, pigments and additives) in form of finely atomized powders. Powder coatings contain no solvent. * Polymer resins used as the binders in powder coatings * Methods of application of powder coatings * Advantages and disadvantages of powder coatings text/html 2009-02-08T16:43:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=powder_metallurgy-introduction&amp;rev=1234129432 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Powder metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Powder metallurgy involves powders for manufacturing metal parts. Powder metallurgy comprises the following general stages: text/html 2010-07-31T06:32:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=powder_metallurgy&amp;rev=1280572352 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Powder metallurgy - introduction * Powder preparation * Die pressing of metallic powders * Isostatic pressing of metallic powders * Sintering of metals * Metal injection molding text/html 2009-02-08T16:44:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=powder_preparation&amp;rev=1234129489 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Powder metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The following powder preparation methods are used: Atomization [atomization.png] Atomization is one of the most effective industrial powder preparation methods. text/html 2010-10-08T11:12:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=precipitation_hardening&amp;rev=1286550723 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Heat treatment technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Precipitation hardening (age hardening) – strengthening by precipitation of fine particles of a second phase from a supersaturated solid solution. text/html 2012-02-11T12:07:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=preparation_of_colloids&amp;rev=1328980050 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Dispersions Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The size of dispersed phase particles in Colloids is within the range 1 - 1000 nm (4*10-8 - 4*10-5 inch). There are two principal ways of preparation of colloids: text/html 2009-02-14T10:43:29-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=principles_of_arc_welding&amp;rev=1234626209 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Arc welding is a welding process, in which heat is generated by an electric arc struck between an electrode and the work piece. text/html 2008-12-13T06:38:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_aluminum_alloys&amp;rev=1229168320 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Metals Properties of wrought aluminum alloys * Wrought aluminum alloy 1060 * Wrought aluminum alloy 1100 * Wrought aluminum alloy 1350 * Wrought aluminum-copper alloy 2011 * Wrought aluminum-copper alloy 2014 * Wrought aluminum-copper alloy 2017 * Wrought aluminum-copper alloy 2024 * Wrought aluminum-copper alloy 2124 * Wrought aluminum-copper alloy 2219 text/html 2008-12-13T07:57:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_carbon_materials&amp;rev=1229173070 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Carbon materials * Low thermal conductivity isostatically pressed graphite * Isostatically pressed graphite * Low porosity isostatically pressed graphite * High thermal conductivity isostatically pressed graphite * Low thermal expansion isostatically pressed graphite text/html 2010-12-01T08:50:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1291211432 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Ceramics * Alumina ceramic (94% alumina) * Alumina ceramic (97.5% alumina) * Alumina ceramic (99.8% alumina) * Alumina aerogel monolith * Magnesia ceramic (Dense Magnesia) * Magnesia ceramic (30% porosity) text/html 2008-12-13T08:00:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_composites&amp;rev=1229173221 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Composites Properties of Metal Matrix Composites * Metal Matrix Composite MC-21 * Metal Matrix Composite Duralcan F3S.20S * Metal Matrix Composite 2124-25%SiC * Metal Matrix Composite Al-60% Al2O3 fiber * Metal Matrix Composite Al-2%Cu-60% Al2O3 fiber text/html 2008-12-13T06:39:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_copper_alloys&amp;rev=1229168379 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Metals Properties of wrought copper alloys * Wrought copper C10100 (Oxygen-Free Electronic Copper) * Wrought copper alloy C15000 (Zirconium Copper) * Wrought copper alloy C17000 (Beryllium Copper) * Wrought copper alloy C18200 (Chromium Copper) text/html 2008-12-13T08:01:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_fluids&amp;rev=1229173287 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Fluids Lubricants * Engine oil SAE 5W-20 * Engine oil SAE 5W-30 * Engine oil SAE 10W-30 * Engine oil SAE 10W-40 * Synthetic engine oil SAE 5W-30 * Synthetic engine oil SAE 5W-50 text/html 2008-12-13T06:40:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_magnesium_alloys&amp;rev=1229168442 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Metals Properties of wrought magnesium alloys * Wrought magnesium alloy M1A * Wrought magnesium alloy AZ31B * Wrought magnesium alloy AZ80A * Wrought magnesium alloy ZK60A * Wrought magnesium alloy HM31A text/html 2008-12-13T06:41:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_nickel_alloys&amp;rev=1229168506 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Metals * Commercially pure nickel 200 * Commercially pure nickel 270 (high purity nickel) * Commercially pure nickel 301 * Nickel-copper alloy (Monel 400) * Nickel-copper alloy (Monel 405) * Nickel-copper alloy (Monel K-500) text/html 2011-03-24T03:28:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_polymers&amp;rev=1300951731 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Polymers Properties of Elastomers * Elastomer Polyisoprene (natural rubber) * Elastomer Butyl (Isobutene-Isoprene) * Elastomer Nitrile * Elastomer Neoprene (Chloroprene) * Elastomer Ethylene-Propylene (EPDM) * Elastomer Hypalon (CSM, Chlor-Sulfonated Polyethylene) * Elastomer Silicone * Thermoplastic elastomer Polyurethane * Thermoplastic elastomer Styrene-Butadiene * Thermoplastic elastomer Polye… text/html 2008-12-13T08:21:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_silver_alloys&amp;rev=1229174494 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Metals * Commercially pure silver * Sterling silver * Silver-ABA Related internal links * Properties of steels and cast irons * Properties of aluminum alloys * Properties of copper alloys * Properties of magnesium alloys * Properties of nickel alloys * Properties of titanium alloys * Properties of ceramics * Properties of carbon materials * Properties of polymers * Properties of compos… text/html 2008-12-13T06:37:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_steels_and_cast_irons&amp;rev=1229168264 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Metals Carbon steels * Carbon steel SAE 1006 * Carbon steel SAE 1010 * Carbon steel SAE 1020 * Carbon steel SAE 1030 * Carbon steel SAE 1045 * Carbon steel SAE 1070 * Carbon steel SAE 1090 * Carbon steel SAE 1117 * Carbon steel SAE 1547 text/html 2008-12-13T06:42:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=properties_of_titanium_alloys&amp;rev=1229168566 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Materials Data to Metals * Commercially pure titanium, Grade 1 * Commercially pure titanium, Grade 4 * Low alloyed titanium alloy, Grade 7 * Low alloyed titanium alloy, Grade 12 text/html 2009-05-16T12:24:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=pultrusion&amp;rev=1242491055 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Polymer Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Pultrusion is an automated, highly productive process of fabrication of Polymer Matrix Composites in form of continuous long products of constant cross-section. text/html 2008-05-17T02:53:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=pyrolytic_graphite&amp;rev=1211007220 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbon materials to Properties of carbon materials (submitted by the website administration) Pyrolytic graphite (substrate nucleated) Chemical composition: carbon (C) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.2*10³ kg/m³ 137 lb/ft³ Flexural strength WL 89.6 MPa 13000 psi Compressive strength WL 103.4 MPa 15000 psi Compressive strength AL 172.4 MPa 25000 psi Sh… text/html 2009-06-25T10:27:02-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=quenching_and_heat_transfer_oils&amp;rev=1245940022 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Quenching oils * Heat transfer oils * Properties of some quenching and heat transfer oils Quenching oils Quenching oils are oils formulated to serve as a fluid media in quenching operation. Different quenching media provide a variety of cooling rates. When the fastest cooling rate is required water or brine solutions are used as quenching media. Air quenching produ… text/html 2008-05-17T03:31:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=quenching_oil_iso_22&amp;rev=1211009515 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Quenching and heat transfer oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Quenching oil ISO 22 Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.865 *10³ kg/m³ 54.0 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 21.3 cSt 21.3 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 4.2 cSt 4.2 cSt Viscosity index 100 100 … text/html 2011-10-08T13:33:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=radiation_curable_coatings&amp;rev=1318095216 to Polymers to Paints Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Radiation curable coatings are the polymer coatings, which are cured (cross-linking) when exposed to a radiation of ultra violet light (UV) or electron beam (EB). * Composition of radiation curable coatings * Equipment for radiation curing * Advantages and disadvantages of radiation curable coatings text/html 2010-12-01T09:03:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=reaction_bonded_silicon_nitride_ceramic_rbsn&amp;rev=1291212220 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Nitride ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Reaction Bonded Silicon Nitride (RBSN) Chemical composition: Si3N4 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.2 *10³ kg/m³ 137.3 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 130 GPa 18900 ksi Flexural strength 260 MPa 37700 psi Fracture toughness 2.9 MPa*m½ 2.9 MPa*m½ Hardness 9000 HV … text/html 2007-07-14T07:34:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=recently_edited_articles&amp;rev=1184412861 * Electrical properties of ceramics - 2007/07/13 text/html 2010-12-01T09:01:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=recrystallized_silicon_carbide_ceramic_rsc&amp;rev=1291212071 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbide ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Recrystallized Silicon Carbide (RSC) Chemical composition: SiC Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.7 *10³ kg/m³ 168.5 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 255 GPa 37000 ksi Flexural strength 100 MPa 14500 psi Fracture toughness 3 MPa*m½ 3 MPa*m½ Hardness 25000 HV 25000 … text/html 2012-04-22T03:13:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=reinforcing_fibers_for_ceramic_composites&amp;rev=1335078837 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Fiber architecture * Fiber materials Fiber architecture Different forms of reinforcing phase may be used in Ceramic Matrix Composites: particles, whiskers, platelets, continuous or chopped fibers. text/html 2012-05-12T09:39:37-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=requirements_to_engine_bearing_materials&amp;rev=1336829977 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Engine bearing materials compromise between high mechanical strength (Fatigue strength, hardness) and anti-friction properties (seizure resistance, conformability, embedability), which are characteristic for soft materials. In order to meet such contradictory demands the bearing materials are designed to have composite structure: - Particulate composite havin… text/html 2009-02-14T10:12:28-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=resistance_welding_rw&amp;rev=1234624348 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Resistance Welding is a welding process, in which work pieces are welded due to a combination of a pressure applied to them and a localized heat generated by a high electric current flowing through the contact area of the weld. Heat produced by the current is sufficient for local melting of the work piece at the contact point … text/html 2009-02-07T03:27:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=rolling&amp;rev=1233995260 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal forming technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Rolling is a process of reduction of the cross-sectional area or shaping a metal piece through the deformation caused by a pair of rotating in opposite directions metal rolls. text/html 2009-06-25T10:25:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=rust_protection_oils&amp;rev=1245939952 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Rust protection (prevention) oils are lubricants providing temporary protection of metal parts from oxidation caused by moisture, oil contaminants and chemically active atmosphere. Rust (Galvanic corrosion|corrosion) protection oils contain Corrosion inhibitors, which form a barrier film on the substrate surface. The inhibitors consist of polar molecules possessing water-r… text/html 2010-10-08T11:06:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=salt_bath_heat_treatment&amp;rev=1286550364 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Heat treatment technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Salt bath heat treatment is a heat treatment process comprising an immersion of the treated part into a molten salt (or salts mixture). text/html 2011-02-26T06:06:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sameer_gupta&amp;rev=1298718415 *first attempt|MEMS * about me text/html 2011-01-21T09:03:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sand_casting&amp;rev=1295618607 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Sand casting is a method involving pouring a molten metal into a sand mold. * Advantages and disadvantages of sand casting * Sand casting mold * Types of sand used for sand casting * Patterns for sand casting text/html 2009-07-17T09:48:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sawing_fluid&amp;rev=1247838491 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cutting fluids (coolants) to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Sawing fluid Semi-synthetic fluid Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 1.02 *10³ kg/m³ 63.7 lb/ft³ Flash point 166 ºC 330 ºF PH, 5% emulsion 9.2 9.2 Used as emulsion in soft water at concentrations 5-10%. Applications:sawing of steels and cast irons. text/html 2009-02-03T16:39:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=scanning_electron_microscope&amp;rev=1233697175 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metallographic examination Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM) use focused beam of electrons, scanning in vacuum the specimen surface, imaging one point at a time.The interaction of the electron beam with every point of the specimen surface is registered, forming the entire image. text/html 2012-05-12T09:45:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=selection_of_engine_bearing_materials&amp;rev=1336830307 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Selection of bearing material suitable for a particular engine should be based on the following engine parameters: text/html 2009-05-16T07:17:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=selective_corrosion_dealloying&amp;rev=1242472644 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Selective corrosion (dealloying, selective leaching) is a preferential attack of a particular component of an alloy in presence of electrolyte as a result of an electrochemical oxidation-reduction (redox) process. Selective corrosion may occur in a single-phase and in multi-phase alloys. Alloys prone to selective corrosion are composed of components with a … text/html 2012-04-22T03:15:02-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=self-lubricating_ceramic_composites&amp;rev=1335078902 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Ceramic Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Strong ionic or covalent bonds between the atoms of ceramic materials determine their strength, hardness, high melting point, modulus of elasticity (rigidity), temperature and chemical stability. In many friction applications where high strength, corrosion resistance and refractoriness should be combined with good tribological properties (coefficient of f… text/html 2008-05-17T03:31:19-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=semi-synthetic_compressor_oil_iso_100&amp;rev=1211009479 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Compressor oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Semi-synthetic compressor oil ISO 100 Semi-synthetic oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.870 *10³ kg/m³ 54.3 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 96.7 cSt 96.7 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 11.7 cSt 11.7 cSt Viscosity index 110 110 … text/html 2008-05-17T03:30:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=semi-synthetic_compressor_oil_iso_68&amp;rev=1211009453 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Compressor oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Semi-synthetic compressor oil ISO 68 Semi-synthetic oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.860 *10³ kg/m³ 53.7 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 65.0 cSt 65.0 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 9.5 cSt 9.5 cSt Viscosity index 110 110 F… text/html 2011-07-09T08:18:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=shielded_metal_arc_welding_smaw&amp;rev=1310213920 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Shielded metal arc welding (Stick welding, Manual metal arc welding) uses a metallic consumable electrode of a proper composition for generating arc between itself and the parent work piece. The molten electrode metal fills the weld gap and joins the work pieces. This is the most popular welding process capable to produce a grea… text/html 2012-04-28T12:32:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=shore_durometer_hardness_test&amp;rev=1335630767 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Shore hardness is a measure of the resistance of a material to penetration of a spring loaded needle-like indenter. Hardness of Polymers (rubbers, plastics) is usually measured by Shore scales. Shore A scale is used for testing soft Elastomers (rubbers) and other soft polymers. Hardness of hard elastomers and most other polymer materials (Thermoplastics, Thermosets) is measured by … text/html 2009-02-07T03:33:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=shot_peening&amp;rev=1233995619 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal forming technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich [Shot peening.png] Shot peening is a cold work process, in which the metal part is struck by a stream of small hard spheres (shot) creating numerous overlapped dimples on the part surface. The surface material resists to stretching induced by the shots impacts resulting in a formation of a compression stressed skin of about 0.01” (0.25 mm) thickness. G… text/html 2012-05-12T12:28:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sidebar&amp;rev=1336840130 Main page About us Advertising Opportunities Metals Ceramics Polymers Composites Fluids Materials Data Materials Links Contents Array 10 most popular articles Latest articles Create a new article Edit articles Contact us Terms of use text/html 2010-12-01T09:05:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silica_aerogel_monolith&amp;rev=1291212336 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Sol-Gel process to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Silica aerogel monolith Chemical composition: SiO2, %Solids: 5%, Particle size: 2-5 nm, Pore size: 20 nm Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 0.11 *10³ kg/m³ 6.9 lb/ft³ Internal Surface Area 800 m²/g 3.9*106 ft²/lb Modulus of elasticity 0.03 GPa 4.4 ksi Poison ratio 0.2 - 0.2… text/html 2010-12-01T09:04:20-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silicate_ceramic_alumina_porcelain_c110&amp;rev=1291212260 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Silicate ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Silicate ceramic Alumina Porcelain C110 Chemical composition: SiO2, Al2O3 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.45 *10³ kg/m³ 153.0 lb/ft³ Flexural strength 40 MPa 5800 psi Compressive strength 450 MPa 65300 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 5.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 2.9*10-6 in/(in* … text/html 2010-12-01T09:05:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silicate_ceramic_cordierite_c410&amp;rev=1291212307 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Silicate ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Silicate ceramic Cordierite C410 Chemical composition: 3Al2O3*2SiO2, Al2O3, SiO2 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.1 *10³ kg/m³ 131.1 lb/ft³ Flexural strength 60 MPa 8700 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 2.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 1.1*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Thermal conductivity 2.0 W/(m*K)… text/html 2010-12-01T09:04:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silicate_ceramic_steatite_c221&amp;rev=1291212280 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Silicate ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Silicate ceramic Steatite C221 Chemical composition: SiO2, MgO, Al2O3 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.7 *10³ kg/m³ 168.5 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 110 GPa 15950 ksi Flexural strength 140 MPa 20300 psi Compressive strength 900 MPa 130500 psi Thermal expansion (20 … text/html 2010-12-01T08:48:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silicate_ceramics&amp;rev=1291211301 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Silicates are materials composed generally of silicon and oxygen. The following groups of materials relate silicate ceramics: * Technical Porcelain * Magnesium Silicates * Mullite Ceramics text/html 2008-09-14T09:25:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silicon_carbide_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_sic_long_fibers_cg-nicalon&amp;rev=1221398704 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) cg-Nicalon Composition: Silicon carbon (SiC) matrix + SiC long (cont.) fibers (14 mkm diameter) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.55 *10³ kg/m³ 159 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 195 GPa 28300 ksi Tensile strength 220 MPa 31900 psi Thermal expansion (20 … text/html 2008-09-14T09:25:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silicon_carbide_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_sic_long_fibers_dow_sylramic&amp;rev=1221398755 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Dow Sylramic Composition: Silicon carbon (SiC) matrix + SiC long (cont.) fibers (10 mkm diameter) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.05 *10³ kg/m³ 190 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 395 GPa 57300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 5.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 3.0*10-6 in/… text/html 2008-09-14T09:25:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silicon_carbide_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_sic_long_fibers_hi-nicalon&amp;rev=1221398721 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Hi-Nicalon Composition: Silicon carbon (SiC) matrix + SiC long (cont.) fibers (13 mkm diameter) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.74 *10³ kg/m³ 171 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 270 GPa 39160 ksi Tensile strength 217 MPa 31500 psi Thermal expansion (20 … text/html 2008-09-14T09:25:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silicon_carbide_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_sic_long_fibers_hi-nicalon_type_s&amp;rev=1221398736 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Hi-Nicalon type S Composition: Silicon carbon (SiC) matrix + SiC long (cont.) fibers (12 mkm diameter) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.04 *10³ kg/m³ 190 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 420 GPa 60900 ksi Thermal heat capacity 630 J/(kg*K) 0.15 BTU/(lb*ºF… text/html 2008-05-17T03:34:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silicon_transformer_oil&amp;rev=1211009699 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Transformer oils (insulating oils) to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Silicon transformer oil Polydimethylsiloxane based fluid Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.960 *10³ kg/m³ 59.9 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 55 cSt 55 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 15 cSt 15 cSt Fire point min.350 … text/html 2008-12-13T08:41:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silver-aba&amp;rev=1229175692 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Silver plating to Properties of silver alloys (submitted by the website administration) Silver-ABA Chemical composition: Ag=92.75%, Cu=5.0%, Ti=1.25%, Al-1.0% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 10.0 *10³ kg/m³ 5.27 Troy oz/in³ Modulus of elasticity 77 GPa 11170 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 2.07*10-5 ºCˉ¹ 1.15*10-5 in/(in* ºF) Thermal conductivity 344 W/… text/html 2012-04-14T07:19:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=silver_plating&amp;rev=1334402399 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Characteristics of silver * Silver strike * Cyanide silver plating * Non-cyanide silver plating * Properties of some silver alloys text/html 2008-05-17T03:10:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=single_component_high_strength_epoxy_adhesive&amp;rev=1211008240 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Classification of adhesives to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Single component high strength epoxy adhesive Single component high strength, free flowing epoxy adhesive Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Viscosity at 77°F (25°C) 200000 cP 4.18 lbf*sec/ft² Cure time at 248°F (120°C) 60 min 60 min Maximum gap 0.5 mm 0.02 in Shear streng… text/html 2008-05-16T13:51:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sintered_aluminum_alloy_a&amp;rev=1210960314 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Sintered aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Sintered aluminum alloy A Chemical composition: Si=0.6%, Cu=0.25%, Mg=1%, Al+Al2O3 balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 90% of theoretical density Modulus of elasticity 61 GPa 8800 ksi Thermal conductivity 160 W/(m*K) 1110 BTU*in/(hr*ft²*ºF) Electric resistivity … text/html 2008-05-16T13:52:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sintered_aluminum_alloy_b&amp;rev=1210960337 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Sintered aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Sintered aluminum alloy B Chemical composition: Si=0.6%, Cu=4.4%, Mg=0.5%, Al+Al2O3 balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 90% of theoretical density Modulus of elasticity 61 GPa 8800 ksi Thermal conductivity 135 W/(m*K) 949 BTU*in/(hr*ft²*ºF) Electric resistivity … text/html 2008-05-16T13:52:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sintered_aluminum_alloy_e&amp;rev=1210960360 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Sintered aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Sintered aluminum alloy E Chemical composition: Si=0.3%, Cu=2.0%, Mg=1%, Al+Al2O3 balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 90% of theoretical density Tensile strength (T6) 262 MPa 38000 psi Yield strength (T6) 200 MPa 29000 psi Elongation (T6) 3 % 3 % Related i… text/html 2008-05-16T13:53:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sintered_aluminum_alloy_f&amp;rev=1210960383 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Sintered aluminum alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Sintered aluminum alloy F Chemical composition: Cu=1.6%, Mg=2.5%, Al+Al2O3 balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 90% of theoretical density Tensile strength (T6) 310 MPa 45000 psi Yield strength (T6) 276 MPa 40000 psi Elongation (T6) 2 % 2 % Related internal… text/html 2010-12-25T10:42:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sintered_aluminum_alloys&amp;rev=1293291724 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Aluminum alloys, possessing exceptional mechanical properties, are prepared by powder technology. These alloys are called sintered alloys or Sintered Aluminum Powders (SAP). text/html 2010-12-01T09:02:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sintered_silicon_carbide_ceramic_ssic&amp;rev=1291212143 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Carbide ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Sintered Silicon Carbide (SSIC) Chemical composition: SiC Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.1 *10³ kg/m³ 193.5 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 410 GPa 59500 ksi Flexural strength 450 MPa 65300 psi Fracture toughness 3.9 MPa*m½ 3.9 MPa*m½ Hardness 25000 HV 25000 … text/html 2010-12-01T09:02:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sintered_silicon_nitride_ceramic_ssn&amp;rev=1291212169 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Nitride ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Sintered Silicon Nitride (SSN) Chemical composition: Si3N4 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 3.25 *10³ kg/m³ 202.9 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 290 GPa 42100 ksi Flexural strength 850 MPa 123300 psi Fracture toughness 7 MPa*m½ 7 MPa*m½ Hardness 11000 HV 11000 … text/html 2010-12-01T08:40:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sintering_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1291210840 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Sintering (Firing) of ceramic materials is the method involving consolidation of ceramic powder particles by heating the “green” compact part to a high temperature below the melting point, when the material of the separate particles difuse to the neghbouring powder particles. text/html 2010-07-31T06:32:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sintering_of_metals&amp;rev=1280572373 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Powder metallurgy Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Sintering is a method involving consolidation of powder grains by heating the “green” compact part to a high temperature below the melting point, when the material of the separate particles diffuse to the neighboring powder particles. text/html 2010-12-01T08:39:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sol-gel_process&amp;rev=1291210785 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich So-Gel process is a synthesis of an oxide ceramic in a liquid solution of an alkoxide based precursor in which submicron particles of a solid phase suspended in the liquid (Sol) are obtained and then condensed forming Gel - a 3-D network of polymerized macromolecules surrounded with the solution. Applications of Sol-Gel process: text/html 2011-10-08T13:02:10-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=soldering&amp;rev=1318093330 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Soldering is a method of joining two metal work pieces by means of a third metal (solder) at a relatively low temperature, which is above the melting point of the solder but below the melting point of either of the materials being joined. Flow of the molten solder into the gap between the work pieces is driven by the capillary fo… text/html 2010-07-03T11:15:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=solid_lubricants&amp;rev=1278170138 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Solid lubricants are solid materials, which reduce coefficient of friction and wear of rubbing parts preventing direct contact between their surfaces even under high loads. text/html 2010-06-27T06:31:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=solid_solutions&amp;rev=1277634678 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Fundamentals of metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Alloy Alloy is a metal, composing of a mixture of elements. Most of alloys are composed of a base metal with small amounts of additives or alloying elements. The typical examples of alloys are steel/cast iron (iron base alloys), bronze/brass (copper base alloys), aluminum alloys, nickel base alloys, magnesium base alloys, titanium alloys. text/html 2009-04-18T08:08:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=solid_state_fabrication_of_metal_matrix_composites&amp;rev=1240056516 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites to Metal Matrix Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Solid state fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites is the process, in which Metal Matrix Composites are formed as a result of bonding matrix metal and dispersed phase due to mutual diffusion occurring between them in solid states at elevated temperature and under pressure. text/html 2009-05-17T04:00:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=solid_state_welding_ssw&amp;rev=1242547241 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Solid State Welding is a welding process, in which two work pieces are joined under a pressure providing an intimate contact between them and at a temperature essentially below the melting point of the parent material. Bonding of the materials is a result of diffusion of their interface atoms. Advantages of Solid State Welding: text/html 2009-02-02T12:51:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=solidification&amp;rev=1233597113 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Basic processes in metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Solidification is a comprehensive process of transformation of the melt of an alloy into a solid piece of the alloy, involving crystallization of the liquid phase, segregation of impurities and alloying elements, liberation of the gases dissolved in the melt, shrinkage cavities and porosity formation. text/html 2011-10-08T13:31:22-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=solvent-borne_paints&amp;rev=1318095082 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Paints Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Solvent-borne paints (oil paints) are the paints formulated on the base of Hydrocarbon solvents serving as a vehicle carrying the solid components (binders, pigments and additives). A solvent-borne paint may contain up to 80% of solid constituents dispersed in the solvent. The functions of solvents in the paints: text/html 2009-07-11T08:31:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=solvents&amp;rev=1247315475 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids * Classification of solvents * Hydrocarbon solvents * Halogenated solvents Related internal links * Lubricants * Gases * Dispersions Related external links <http://www.usm.maine.edu/~newton/Chy251_253/Lectures/Solvents/Solvents.html> <http://www.eurochlor.org/facts> <http://www.hsia.org/> <http://www.purdue.edu/dp/envirosoft/housewaste/house/solvent.htm> <http://www.americansolventscouncil.org/explai… text/html 2010-12-01T08:41:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=spark_plasma_sintering&amp;rev=1291210875 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Spark plasma sintering (SPS) or pulsed electric current sintering (PECS) is a sintering technique utilizing uniaxial force and a pulsed (on-off) direct electrical current (DC) under low atmospheric pressure to perform high speed consolidation of the powder. text/html 2009-02-03T16:34:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=specimen_polishing_technique&amp;rev=1233696879 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metallographic examination Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Preparation of a specimen for microscopic examination is carried out according to the following stages: Cutting The large body of the investigated material is not necessarily homogeneous; therefore the specimen should be taken from the region, adequately representing the structure and other features of the large sample. text/html 2008-05-16T14:20:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=spinodal_bronze_nicomet&amp;rev=1210962030 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Spinodal Bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Spinodal Bronze Nicomet Chemical composition: Ni=5.75%, Sn=5.75%, Zn=1.75%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.86 *10³ kg/m³ 553 lb/ft³ Thermal conductivity 53.7 W/(m*K) 372 BTU*in/(hr*ft²*ºF) Electric conductivity 12% I.A.C.S. 12% I.A.C.S. Tensile strength … text/html 2009-02-28T06:50:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=spinodal_bronzes&amp;rev=1235821854 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Spinodal bronzes are ternary copper-nickel-tin alloys possessing high mechanical strength due to a controlled heat treatment called Spinodal decomposition. Spinodal decomposition is a spontaneous phase nanoscale separation (clustering) occurring in homogeneous supersaturated solutions (liquid or solid), which results in formation of two phases of different compositions b… text/html 2009-02-02T13:08:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=spinodal_decomposition&amp;rev=1233598137 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Basic processes in metals Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Spinodal decomposition is a spontaneous phase nanoscale separation (clustering) occurring in homogeneous supersaturated solutions (liquid or solid), which results in formation of two phases of different compositions but with identical crystal structure. Spinodal phases form without nucleation and needs no incubation period. Spinodal structure is extremely fi… text/html 2012-05-12T09:43:33-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sputter_bearing_overlays&amp;rev=1336830213 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich [Sputter bearing.png] Sputter overlays are deposited by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) method. Sputtering utilizes argon ions for bombarding a cathodically connected target, made of the coating material (normally Al20Sn or Al40Sn). Sputtering process: text/html 2011-01-21T09:06:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=squeeze_casting&amp;rev=1295618781 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Foundry technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Squeeze casting is a method combining casting and forging technologies. In contrast to other casting techniques (sand casting, die casting), in which a molten metal is poured (injected) into the mold cavity after the two parts ofthe mold are assembled, squeeze casting mold is closed after a portion of molten metal has been poured into the preheated bottom die. text/html 2012-02-11T12:09:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=stabilization_of_colloids&amp;rev=1328980192 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Dispersions Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Colloidal particles collide with each other due to the Brownian motion, convection, gravity and other forces. Collisions may result in coagulation of the particles and destabilization of the colloid. If a colloidal particle is brought to a short distance to another particle, they are attracted to each other by the van der Waals force. If there is no counteracting force, t… text/html 2008-06-26T10:11:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=stainless_steel_17-4ph&amp;rev=1214489469 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Stainless steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) 17-4PH Chemical composition: C=0.7%max, Mn=1%max, Cr=17%, Ni=4%, Cu=4%, Cb+Ta=0.3% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.75 *10³ kg/m³ 484 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 196 GPa 28400 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 10.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 6.0*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat ca… text/html 2008-06-26T10:10:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=stainless_steel_2205&amp;rev=1214489425 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Stainless steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) 2205 (S31803, S32205) Chemical composition: C=0.30%max, Mn=2%max, Cr=22%, Ni=5%, Mo=3%, N=0.14% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.8 *10³ kg/m³ 487 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 13.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 7.6*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Sp… text/html 2008-06-26T10:08:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=stainless_steel_aisi_201&amp;rev=1214489298 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Stainless steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) AISI 201 Chemical composition: C=0.15%max, Mn=6%max, Cr=17%, Ni=4.5%, N=0.25%max Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.8 *10³ kg/m³ 487 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 197 GPa 28500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 15.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 8.72*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat ca… text/html 2008-10-07T08:48:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=stainless_steel_aisi_304&amp;rev=1223383714 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Stainless steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) AISI 304 Chemical composition: C=0.08%max, Mn=2%max, Cr=19%, Ni=9.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.9 *10³ kg/m³ 493 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 193 GPa 28000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.5*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 502 … text/html 2008-06-26T10:09:06-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=stainless_steel_aisi_316&amp;rev=1214489346 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Stainless steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) AISI 316 Chemical composition: C=0.08%max, Mn=2%max, Cr=17%, Ni=12%, Mo=2.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.0 *10³ kg/m³ 499 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 193 GPa 28000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 15.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 8.8*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacit… text/html 2008-06-26T10:10:02-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=stainless_steel_aisi_410&amp;rev=1214489402 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Stainless steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) AISI 410 Chemical composition: C=0.15%max, Mn=1%max, Cr=12.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.7 *10³ kg/m³ 481 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 9.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 5.5*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 460 J/(kg*K)… text/html 2008-06-26T10:09:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=stainless_steel_aisi_430&amp;rev=1214489376 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Stainless steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) AISI 430 Chemical composition: C=0.12%max, Mn=1%max, Cr=17% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.8 *10³ kg/m³ 487 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 10.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 5.78*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 460 J/(kg*… text/html 2011-03-19T13:27:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=stainless_steels&amp;rev=1300555651 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steels and cast irons Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Stainless steels are steels possessing high corrosion resistance due to the presence of substantial amount of chromium. text/html 2008-06-20T07:24:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=steel_making&amp;rev=1213961079 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Extractive metallurgy * Steel making (introduction) * Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) * Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) * Ladle refining * Deoxidation of steel * Desulfurization of steel * Non-metallic inclusions in steel * Structure of killed steel ingot * Macrosegregation in steel ingots * Fabrication of large steel ingots * Electroslag Remelting text/html 2009-07-19T08:52:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=steel_making_introduction&amp;rev=1248007965 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steel making Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Steel is an alloy of iron, containing up to 2% of carbon (usually up to 1%). Steel contains lower (compared to pig iron) quantities of impurities like phosphorous, sulfur and silicon. text/html 2012-01-07T10:22:00-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=steel_strip_processing&amp;rev=1325949720 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal forming technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Steel strips are commonly manufactured of continuously cast slabs. Coiled steel strips have the thickness (gauge) up to 0.2” (5 mm). The strips are supplied in different conditions: text/html 2011-03-19T13:21:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=steels_and_cast_irons&amp;rev=1300555284 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Iron-carbon phase diagram * Effect of alloying elements on steel properties * Classification of steels and cast irons * Carbon steels * Alloy steels * Tool and die steels * Stainless steels * Creep resistant steels * Cast irons * Welding stainless steels text/html 2008-12-13T08:22:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sterling_silver&amp;rev=1229174555 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Silver plating to Properties of silver alloys (submitted by the website administration) Sterling silver Chemical composition: Ag=92.5% Cu=7.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 10.37 *10³ kg/m³ 5.47 Troy oz/in³ Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 1.9*10-5 ºCˉ¹ 1.06*10-5 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 245 J/(kg*K) 0.0585 BTU/(lb*ºF) Electrical conductivity (IACS… text/html 2009-05-16T07:18:05-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=stress_corrosion_cracking&amp;rev=1242472685 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Corrosion and oxidation Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is a brittle fracture caused by the combined action of tensile stress and corrosive environment. Cracks induced by stress corrosion may be intergranular, transgranular or mixed (combining intergranular and transgranular morphology). Possible sources of internal tensile stresses: text/html 2009-11-27T07:59:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=strong_anion_exchange_resin_in_chloride_form&amp;rev=1259326788 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ion exchange resins to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Strong Anion Exchange Resin in chloride form Uniform Particle Size, High Capacity, Strong Anion Exchange Resin in chloride form Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Matrix Styrene-DVB, gel Functional group Quaternary amine Exchange capacity 1.3 eq/l 28.4 kgr of CaCO3/ft³ Water content 55% To… text/html 2009-11-27T08:00:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=strong_anion_exchange_resin_in_hydroxide_form&amp;rev=1259326816 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ion exchange resins to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Strong Anion Exchange Resin in hydroxide form Uniform Particle Size, High Capacity, Strong Anion Exchange Resin in hydroxide form Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Matrix Styrene-DVB, gel Functional group Quaternary amine Exchange capacity 1.0 eq/l 21.9 kgr of CaCO3/ft³ Water content 66% … text/html 2009-11-27T07:58:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=strong_cation_exchange_resin_in_hydrogen_form&amp;rev=1259326734 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ion exchange resins to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Strong Cation Exchange Resin in hydrogen form Uniform Particle Size, High Capacity Strong Acid Cation Exchange Resin Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Matrix Styrene-DVB, gel Functional group Sulfonic acid Exchange capacity 2 eq/l 43.7 kgr of CaCO3/ft³ Water content 45% Total swelling (Na… text/html 2009-11-27T07:58:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=strong_cation_exchange_resin_in_sodium_form&amp;rev=1259326703 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ion exchange resins to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Strong Cation Exchange Resin in sodium form Uniform Particle Size, High Capacity Strong Acid Cation Exchange Resin Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Matrix Styrene-DVB, gel Functional group Sulfonic acid Exchange capacity 1.8 eq/l 39.3 kgr of CaCO3/ft³ Water content 53% Total swelling (Na… text/html 2010-12-01T08:37:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=structure_of_ceramic_materials&amp;rev=1291210635 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Fundamentals of ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The following factors affect structure of ceramics: * Balance of electrical charges of anions and cations * Radius Ratio (rc/ra) text/html 2011-06-18T06:18:00-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=structure_of_composites&amp;rev=1308392280 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Structure of a composite material determines its properties to a significant extent. Structure factors affecting properties of composites are as follows: text/html 2009-02-04T08:32:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=structure_of_killed_steel_ingot&amp;rev=1233754354 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steel making Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich [Steel ingot structure.png] Typical ingot structure consists of five zones: * Zone of small equiaxed grains The thin layer of small crysrtals forms when a melt comes to a contact with a wall of a cold metallic mold. The crystals (grains) have no favorable direction (equiaxed) and their chemical composition is close to that of the liquid steel. Heat liberated as a r… text/html 2009-02-14T10:56:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=submerged_arc_welding_saw&amp;rev=1234626994 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Submerged Arc Welding is a welding process, which utilizes a bare consumable metallic electrode producing an arc between itself and the work piece within a granular shielding flux applied around the weld. The arc heats and melts both the work pieces edges and the electrode wire. The molten electrode material is supplied to the s… text/html 2012-04-14T07:15:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=surface_preparation&amp;rev=1334402111 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Surface preparation is a series of cleaning treatments of the substrate surface prior to the coating operation intended for ensuring strong and uniform adhesion of the coating to the substrate. text/html 2011-10-08T13:34:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=surface_preparation_for_adhesive_bonding&amp;rev=1318095280 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Adhesives Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Preparation of the substrate surfaces prior to adhesive bonding is mandatory stage of the bonding process. The stages of surface preparation performed prior to adhesive bonding: text/html 2012-02-11T12:10:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=surfactants&amp;rev=1328980218 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Dispersions Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Surfactant (surface active agent,detergent) is a substance reducing the interfacial energy of the solution in a contact with other phases. Surfactants promote dispersion of various phases: emulsification of oils (liquid phase), suspension of solid residuals (solid phase) in the alkaline cleaners and foaming (gaseous phase). text/html 2008-05-17T03:30:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=synthetic_compressor_oil_iso_32_46&amp;rev=1211009416 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Compressor oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Synthetic compressor oil ISO 32/46 (SAE 5W-20) Synthetic ester multigrade biodegradable oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.929 *10³ kg/m³ 58.0 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 40.2 cSt 40.2 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 6.6 cSt 6.6 cSt … text/html 2008-05-17T03:30:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=synthetic_compressor_oil_iso_46_68&amp;rev=1211009432 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Compressor oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Synthetic compressor oil ISO 46/68 Blend of synthetic polyalkylene glycol(PAG) and synthetic ester Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.960 *10³ kg/m³ 59.9 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 55.0 cSt 55.0 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 9.3 cSt 9.… text/html 2008-05-17T03:27:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=synthetic_cutting_fluid_concentrate&amp;rev=1211009232 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cutting fluids (coolants) to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Synthetic cutting fluid concentrate Synthetic fluid Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 1.085 *10³ kg/m³ 67.7 lb/ft³ PH 9.8 9.8 Acid value 44 meqKOH/g 44 meqKOH/g Used in water diluted condition at concentrations 4-7%. Applications: grinding,sawing, dri… text/html 2009-01-02T10:19:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=synthetic_engine_oil_5w-30&amp;rev=1230909592 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Engine oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Synthetic engine oil SAE 5W-30 Polyalphaolefin synthetic multigrade engine oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.865 *10³ kg/m³ 54.0 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 57.6 cSt 57.6 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 10.6 cSt 10.6 cSt Viscosity inde… text/html 2009-01-02T10:20:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=synthetic_engine_oil_5w-50&amp;rev=1230909639 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Engine oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Synthetic engine oil SAE 5W-50 Polyalphaolefin synthetic multigrade engine oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.911 *10³ kg/m³ 56.9 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 133 cSt 133 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 20.7 cSt 20.7 cSt Viscosity index … text/html 2008-05-17T03:21:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=synthetic_gear_oil_sae_75w-90&amp;rev=1211008914 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Gear oils to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Synthetic gear oil SAE 75W-90 Polyalphaolefin synthetic multigrade gear oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.887 *10³ kg/m³ 55.4 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 110 cSt 110 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 19.2 cSt 19.2 cSt Viscosity index 195… text/html 2008-05-17T03:35:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=synthetic_transformer_fluid&amp;rev=1211009716 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Transformer oils (insulating oils) to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Synthetic transformer oil Organic esters based fluid Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.970 *10³ kg/m³ 60.6 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 70 cSt 70 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C) 5.3 cSt 5.3 cSt Fire point 322 ºC … text/html 2008-05-17T03:28:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=synthetic_way_lubricant_iso_100&amp;rev=1211009298 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Way lubricants to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Synthetic way lubricant ISO 100 Synthetic oil based Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.883 *10³ kg/m³ 55.1 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 100 cSt 100 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C)/) 11.1 cSt 11.1 cSt Viscosity index 95 95 Flash… text/html 2010-12-25T10:39:28-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=temper_designation_of_aluminum_alloys&amp;rev=1293291568 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Temper designation system is established by the International Alloy Designation System (IADS), based on the classification developed by Aluminum Association of the United States. text/html 2009-02-28T06:39:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=temper_designation_of_copper_alloys&amp;rev=1235821179 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Temper designation of copper alloys was developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The designation system uses codes, consisting of a letter, indicating general temper, and additional numbers and letters, specifying the temper parameters: text/html 2010-10-08T11:17:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tempering&amp;rev=1286551037 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Heat treatment technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Tempering is a heat treatment operation involving reheating hardened steel to a certain temperature below the lower critical point (A1) followed by soaking and then cooling. text/html 2009-05-17T04:21:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tensile_test_and_strain-stress_diagram&amp;rev=1242548483 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal properties and tests Tensile test and Stress-Strain Diagram Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Stress-Strain Diagram expresses a relationship between a load applied to a material and the deformation of the material, caused by the load . text/html 2009-02-03T16:22:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tensile_test_and_stress-strain_diagram&amp;rev=1233696156 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal properties and tests Tensile test and Stress-Strain Diagram Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Stress-Strain Diagram expresses a relationship between a load applied to a material and the deformation of the material, caused by the load . text/html 2008-05-17T03:40:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tetrafluoromethane&amp;rev=1211010048 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Fluorocarbon solvent Tetrafluoromethane (Freon 14) Chemical formula: CF4 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density of gas at 59°F (15°C) 3.72 kg/m³ 0.23 lb/ft³ Vapor pressure at 59°F (15°C) 3.65 MPa 529 psi Boiling point -128 ºC -198 ºF Melting point -184 ºC -298 ºF Spe… text/html 2010-12-01T08:43:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermal_properties_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1291211030 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Ceramic properties and tests Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich The following thermal properties of ceramic materials are important in various design considerations: * Thermal conductivity * Thermal expansion * Heat capacity * Thermal shock resistance * Maximum service temperature text/html 2012-04-14T07:24:33-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermal_spraying&amp;rev=1334402673 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Thermal spraying is a method of deposition of a metal atomized at high temperature and delivered to the substrate surface in a high velocity gas stream. text/html 2009-02-14T10:23:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermit_welding_tw&amp;rev=1234625025 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Thermit Welding is a welding process utilizing heat generated by exothermic chemical reaction between the components of the thermit (a mixture of a metal oxide and aluminum powder). The molten metal, produced by the reaction, acts as a filler material joining the work pieces after Solidification. Thermit Welding is mainly used f… text/html 2009-04-01T05:50:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoforming&amp;rev=1238579438 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Methods of polymers fabrication Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Thermoforming is a process of shaping flat thermoplastic sheet which includes two stages: softening the sheet by heating, followed by forming it in the mold cavity. Elastomers and Thermosets can not be formed by the Thermoforming methods because of their cross-linked structure – they do not soften when heated. Thermoplastics which may be processe… text/html 2011-03-24T05:16:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene_abs&amp;rev=1300958178 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.05 *10³ kg/m³ 65.5 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 2.45 GPa 350 ksi Tensile strength 45 MPa 6500 psi Elongation 33 % 33 % Flexural strength 70 MPa 10000 psi Thermal expansion (2… text/html 2008-02-04T08:13:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_elastomer_polyester_copolymer&amp;rev=1202130837 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Elastomers to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) * Excellent dynamic properties; * Good elongation; * Good tear strength; * Good resistance to flex fatigue in wide temperature interval; * Good resistance to non-oxidizing acids, alkaline solutions, oil, fuel; * Poor weather resistance. text/html 2008-05-17T02:58:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_elastomer_polyurethane&amp;rev=1211007507 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Elastomers to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Elastomer Thermoplastic Polyurethane Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.18 *10³ kg/m³ 73.7 lb/ft³ Tensile strength 40 MPa 5800 psi Elongation 650 % 650 % Glass transition temperature -60 ºC -76 ºF Maximum work temperature 80 ºC 176 ºF Electric resistivity 104… text/html 2008-05-17T02:58:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_elastomer_styrene-butadiene&amp;rev=1211007525 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Elastomers to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Elastomer Styrene-Butadiene Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 0.99*10³ kg/m³ 61.8 lb/ft³ Tensile strength 14 MPa 2030 psi Elongation 700 % 700 % Maximum work temperature 80 ºC 176 ºF * Excellent impact resistance; * Good abrasion resistance; * Poor resi… text/html 2011-03-24T05:15:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_high_density_polyethylene_hdpe&amp;rev=1300958127 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 0.95 *10³ kg/m³ 59.3 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 1.86 GPa 270 ksi Tensile strength 31 MPa 4500 psi Elongation 100 % 100 % Flexural strength 40 MPa 5800 psi Thermal expansion (20 º… text/html 2011-03-24T05:15:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_low_density_polyethylene_ldpe&amp;rev=1300958101 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 0.92 *10³ kg/m³ 57.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 0.29 GPa 42 ksi Tensile strength 17 MPa 2500 psi Elongation 500 % 500 % Flexural strength 14 MPa 2000 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC)… text/html 2011-03-24T03:27:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_polyamide-imide_pai_bearing_grade&amp;rev=1300951665 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Polyamide-imide (PAI), bearing grade Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.46 *10³ kg/m³ 91 lb/ft³ Water absorption, 24hrs, 20ºC 0.4 % 0.4 % Tensile modulus 5.5 GPa 800 ksi Flexural modulus 5.8 GPa 835 ksi Compressive modulus 6.6 GPa 950 ksi Tensile… text/html 2011-03-24T03:27:14-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_polyamide-imide_pai_electrical_grade&amp;rev=1300951634 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Polyamide-imide (PAI), electrical grade Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.41 *10³ kg/m³ 88 lb/ft³ Water absorption, 24hrs, 20ºC 0.35 % 0.35 % Tensile modulus 4.1 GPa 600 ksi Flexural modulus 4.5 GPa 650 ksi Compressive modulus 4.8 GPa 700 ksi Te… text/html 2011-03-24T05:18:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_polyamide_nylon_6&amp;rev=1300958283 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Polyamide (Nylon 6) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.13 *10³ kg/m³ 70.5 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 2.95 GPa 420 ksi Tensile strength 100 MPa 14500 psi Elongation 60 % 60 % Flexural strength 91 MPa 13000 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 66*10-6… text/html 2011-03-24T05:18:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_polycarbonate_pc&amp;rev=1300958322 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Polycarbonate (PC) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.20 *10³ kg/m³ 74.9 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 2.30 GPa 330 ksi Tensile strength 68 MPa 9800 psi Elongation 130 % 130 % Flexural strength 95 MPa 13500 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 66*10-6 … text/html 2011-03-24T05:17:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_polyethylene_terephtalate_pet&amp;rev=1300958264 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Polyethylene Terephtalate (PET) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.35 *10³ kg/m³ 84.3 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 3.5 GPa 500 ksi Tensile strength 61 MPa 8800 psi Elongation 170 % 170 % Flexural strength 105 MPa 15000 psi Thermal expansion (20 º… text/html 2011-03-24T05:18:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_polyimide_pi&amp;rev=1300958304 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Polyimide (PI) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.38 *10³ kg/m³ 86.1 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 3.1 GPa 440 ksi Tensile strength 96 MPa 14000 psi Elongation 7 % 7 % Flexural strength 143 MPa 21000 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 43*10-6 ºCˉ… text/html 2011-03-24T05:17:00-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_polymethylmethacrylate_pmma&amp;rev=1300958220 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.19 *10³ kg/m³ 74.3 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 2.77 GPa 400 ksi Tensile strength 61 MPa 9000 psi Elongation 4 % 4 % Flexural strength 103 MPa 15000 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) … text/html 2011-03-24T05:15:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_polypropylene_pp&amp;rev=1300958148 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Polypropylene (PP) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 0.91 *10³ kg/m³ 56.8 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 1.36 GPa 195 ksi Tensile strength 37 MPa 5300 psi Elongation 350 % 350 % Flexural strength 49 MPa 7000 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 90*10-6 … text/html 2011-03-24T05:19:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_polysulfone_psf&amp;rev=1300958341 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Polysulfone (PSF) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.25 *10³ kg/m³ 78.0 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 2.61 GPa 375 ksi Tensile strength 68 MPa 9800 psi Elongation 75 % 75 % Flexural strength 115 MPa 16500 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 56*10-6 … text/html 2011-03-24T05:17:22-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_polytetrafluoroethylene_ptfe&amp;rev=1300958242 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.17 *10³ kg/m³ 135.5 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 0.49 GPa 69 ksi Tensile strength 24 MPa 3500 psi Elongation 300 % 300 % Flexural strength 33 MPa 4800 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC)… text/html 2011-03-24T05:16:37-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastic_polyvinyl_chloride_pvc&amp;rev=1300958197 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermoplastics to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoplastic Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.44 *10³ kg/m³ 89.9 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 3.32 GPa 475 ksi Tensile strength 47 MPa 6700 psi Elongation 60 % 60 % Flexural strength 91 MPa 13000 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 75*1… text/html 2012-04-28T12:31:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoplastics&amp;rev=1335630708 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Thermoplastics are polymers, which soften (becomes pliable and plastic) and melt when heated. In the melted conditions thermoplastics may be formed by various methods (injection molding, extrusion, Thermoforming). text/html 2011-02-16T09:33:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoset_alkyds_amc&amp;rev=1297866804 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermosets to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoset Alkyds (AMC), mineral filled Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Modulus of elasticity 12 GPa 1800 ksi Tensile strength 45 MPa 6500 psi Flexural yield strength 90 MPa 13000 psi Compressive strength 170 MPa 25000 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 36*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 20*10-6 in/… text/html 2011-02-17T05:12:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoset_epoxy_ep&amp;rev=1297937558 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermosets to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoset Epoxy (EP) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.15 *10³ kg/m³ 71.8 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 2.5 GPa 360 ksi Tensile strength 60 MPa 8700 psi Elongation 4 % 4 % Flexural yield strength 120 MPa 17400 psi Compressive strength 140 MPa 20300 psi The… text/html 2011-02-16T09:24:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoset_melamine_formaldehyde_mf&amp;rev=1297866292 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermosets to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoset Melamine Formaldehyde (MF), cellulose filled Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.55 *10³ kg/m³ 96.8 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 12 GPa 1800 ksi Tensile strength 65 MPa 9500 psi Elongation 0.6 % 0.6 % Flexural yield strength 140 MPa 20000 psi Compressive s… text/html 2011-02-17T05:52:43-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoset_phenolics_pf&amp;rev=1297939963 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermosets to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoset Phenolics (PF) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.40 *10³ kg/m³ 87.4 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity (flexural) 8.3 GPa 1200 ksi Tensile strength 50 MPa 7000 psi Elongation 1 % 1 % Flexural strength 69 MPa 10000 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 40*10-6 ºC… text/html 2011-02-17T05:29:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoset_unsaturated_polyester_up&amp;rev=1297938547 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermosets to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoset Unsaturated Polyester (UP) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.12 *10³ kg/m³ 70.0 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 3.4 GPa 493 ksi Tensile strength 60 MPa 8700 psi Elongation 2 % 2 % Flexural yield strength 113 MPa 16400 psi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 31*10-… text/html 2011-02-16T09:24:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermoset_urea_formaldehyde_uf&amp;rev=1297866264 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Thermosets to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Thermoset Urea Formaldehyde (UF), cellulose filled Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.55 *10³ kg/m³ 96.8 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 9 GPa 1300 ksi Tensile strength 65 MPa 9500 psi Elongation 0.8 % 0.8 % Flexural yield strength 100 MPa 14000 psi Compressive streng… text/html 2012-04-28T12:32:06-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thermosets&amp;rev=1335630726 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Thermosets are Polymers which do not melt when heated. Thermosets molecules are cross-linked by strong covalent intermolecular bonds, forming one giant molecule. text/html 2008-05-17T03:26:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=thread_cutting_oil&amp;rev=1211009216 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cutting fluids (coolants) to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Thread cutting oil Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.917 *10³ kg/m³ 57.2 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 23.1 cSt 23.1 cSt Flash point 177 ºC 350 ºF Pour Point -10 ºC 14 ºF Applications: drilling, milling, … text/html 2012-04-14T07:19:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tin_alloy_electroplating&amp;rev=1334402374 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Characteristics of tin * Applications of electroplated tin alloys * Tin alloys used for electroplating * Tin alloy electroplating in fluoborate solutions * Tin alloy electroplating in methane sulfonic solutions * Tin electroplating in sulfate solutions * Tin electroplating in stannate solutions text/html 2012-05-12T09:43:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tin_based_engine_bearing_overlays&amp;rev=1336830192 Array Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Engine bearings Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Tin based overlays contain copper (3-6%) as a hardening component. The alloys are developed to replace toxic lead based overlays. Tin based overlays possess excellent corrosion resistance and cavitation resistance. Overlay multilayer system of Sn6Cu alloy deposited on the bi-layer diffusion barrier Ni-SnNi allows to create a microhardness gradient across t… text/html 2008-02-04T20:30:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_alloys&amp;rev=1202175046 Discuss the subjects and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals * Classification of titanium alloys * Commercially pure and low alloyed titanium alloys * Titanium alpha and near-alpha alloys * Titanium alpha-beta alloys * Titanium beta alloys text/html 2008-05-16T14:52:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_alpha-beta_alloy_grade_5_ti-6al-4v&amp;rev=1210963970 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Titanium alpha-beta alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Titanium α-β alloy, Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) Chemical composition: O=0.08% max., Al=6%, V=4%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.43 *10³ kg/m³ 277 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 114 GPa 16500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 9.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 5.0*10-6 in/(in*… text/html 2008-05-16T14:53:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_alpha-beta_alloy_ti-4al-4mo-2sn&amp;rev=1210964031 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Titanium alpha-beta alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Titanium α-β alloy Ti-4Al-4Mo-2Sn Chemical composition: O=0.18%, Al=4%, Mo=4%, Sn=2%, Si=0.5%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.60*10³ kg/m³ 287 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 114 GPa 16500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 8.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 4.9*10-6 in… text/html 2008-05-16T14:53:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_alpha-beta_alloy_ti-6al-2sn-4zr-6mo&amp;rev=1210964010 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Titanium alpha-beta alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Titanium α-β alloy Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo Chemical composition: O=0.5% max., Al=6%, Sn=2%, Zr=4%, Mo=6%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.65*10³ kg/m³ 290 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 114 GPa 16500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 9.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 5.2*10-… text/html 2008-05-16T14:53:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_alpha-beta_alloy_ti-6al-6v-2sn&amp;rev=1210963989 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Titanium alpha-beta alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Titanium α-β alloy Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn Chemical composition: O=0.08% max.,Al=6%,V=4%,Sn=2%,Fe=0.7%,Cu=0.7%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.54 *10³ kg/m³ 283 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 114 GPa 16500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 9.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 5.0*1… text/html 2009-02-28T07:13:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_alpha-beta_alloys&amp;rev=1235823214 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Titanium alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Titanium α-β alloys are titanium alloys containing 4-6% of β-phase stabilizers: molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), tungsten (W), tantalum (Ta), silicon (Si). text/html 2008-05-16T14:51:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_alpha_alloy_grade_6_ti-5al-2.5sn&amp;rev=1210963875 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Titanium alpha and near-alpha alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Titanium α-alloy, Grade 6 (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn) Chemical composition: O=0.2% max., Fe=0.5% max., Al=5%, Sn=2.5%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.48 *10³ kg/m³ 280 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 9.4*10-6 ºC… text/html 2009-02-28T07:12:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_alpha_and_near-alpha_alloys&amp;rev=1235823176 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Titanium alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Titanium α-alloys consist entirely of α-phase. They contain aluminum (Al) as the major alloying element, stabilizing α-phase. text/html 2008-05-17T03:46:14-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_beta_alloy_ti-10v-2fe-3al&amp;rev=1211010374 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Titanium beta alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Titanium β-alloy Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al Chemical composition: O=0.13% max., V=10%, Fe=2%, Al=3%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.65*10³ kg/m³ 290 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 9.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 5.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) T… text/html 2008-05-17T03:46:33-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_beta_alloy_ti-15v-3cr-3sn-3al&amp;rev=1211010393 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Titanium beta alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Titanium β-alloy Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al Chemical composition: O=0.13% max., V=15%, Cr=3%, Sn=3%, Al=3%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.17*10³ kg/m³ 260 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 9.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 5.4*10-6 in/(… text/html 2008-05-17T03:45:58-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_beta_alloy_ti-4.5fe-6.8mo-1.5al&amp;rev=1211010358 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Titanium beta alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Titanium β-alloy Ti-4.5Fe-6.8Mo-1.5Al Chemical composition: O=0.15%, Fe=4.5%, Mo=6.8%, Al=1.5%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.8*10³ kg/m³ 300 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 8.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 4.5*10-6 in/(in* �… text/html 2009-02-28T07:14:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_beta_alloys&amp;rev=1235823271 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Titanium alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Titanium β-alloys are titanium alloys rich of β-phase due to the presence of substation amount of β-phase stabilizers: molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), tungsten (W), tantalum (Ta), silicon (Si). β-phase stabilizers prevent β-α transformation at high cooling rates of [Basic principles of heat treatment#Hardening|quenching]]. text/html 2008-05-16T14:52:19-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_near-alpha_alloy_ti-5.5al-3.5sn-3zr-1nb&amp;rev=1210963939 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Titanium alpha and near-alpha alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Titanium near α-alloys Ti-5.5Al-3.5Sn-3Zr-1Nb Chemical composition: O=0.12%, Al=5.5%, Sn=3.5%, Zr=3%, Nb=1%,Si=0.35%,Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.54*10³ kg/m³ 283 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 120 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 9.5*… text/html 2008-05-16T14:51:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_near-alpha_alloy_ti-6al-2sn-4zr-2mo-0.1si&amp;rev=1210963916 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Titanium alpha and near-alpha alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Titanium near α-alloys Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si Chemical composition: O=0.25% max., Fe=0.25% max., Al=6%, Sn=2%, Zr=4%, Mo=2%,Si=0.1% max., Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.54*10³ kg/m³ 283 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 114 GPa 16500 ksi Thermal ex… text/html 2008-05-16T14:51:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=titanium_near-alpha_alloy_ti-8al-1mo-1v&amp;rev=1210963895 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Titanium alpha and near-alpha alloys to Properties of titanium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Titanium near α-alloy (Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V) Chemical composition: O=0.12% max., Al=5%, Mo=1%, V=1%, Ti balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 4.37 *10³ kg/m³ 273 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 128 GPa 18500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 8.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 4.7*… text/html 2008-05-17T03:37:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=toluene&amp;rev=1211009859 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydrocarbon solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Aromatic solvent Toluene Chemical formula: C6H5CH3 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 0.87 *10³ kg/m³ 54.3 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 0.59 cP 3.96*10-4 lb/ft·s Surface tension at 68°F (20°C) 0.029 N/m 1.66*10-4 lbf/in Vapor pressure at 68°F (20°C) … text/html 2011-03-19T13:26:45-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tool_and_die_steels&amp;rev=1300555605 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steels and cast irons Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Tool and die steels are high carbon steels (either carbon or alloy) possessing high hardness, strength and wear resistance. text/html 2008-05-16T13:14:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tool_steel_a2&amp;rev=1210958065 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Tool and die steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) USA: AISI A2, UK: BA2, Sweden: 2260, Germany: 1.2363, Japan: SKD12 Chemical composition: C=1%, Mn=0.3%, Si=0.3%, Cr=5%, Mo=1% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.81 *10³ kg/m³ 487.8 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 190 GPa 27500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 10.6*10-6 ºC… text/html 2008-05-16T13:14:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tool_steel_d2&amp;rev=1210958087 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Tool and die steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) USA: AISI D2, UK: BD2, Sweden: 2310, Germany: 1.2201, Japan: SKD11 Chemical composition: C=1.55%, Mn=0.3%, Si=0.3%, Cr=12%, Mo=1% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.7 *10³ kg/m³ 480.7 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 210 GPa 30400 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 10.5*10-6 … text/html 2008-05-16T13:15:50-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tool_steel_m2&amp;rev=1210958150 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Tool and die steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) USA: AISI M2, UK: BM2, Sweden: 2722, Germany: 1.3341, Japan: SKH9 Chemical composition: C=0.9%, Mn=0.3%, W=6%, Si=0.3%, Cr=4%, Mo=5%, V=2% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.17 *10³ kg/m³ 510.0 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 228 GPa 33000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 1… text/html 2008-05-16T13:14:06-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tool_steel_o1&amp;rev=1210958046 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Tool and die steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) USA: AISI O1, UK: BO1, Sweden: 2140, Germany: 1.2510, Japan: SKS3 Chemical composition: C=0.95%, Mn=1.1%, W=0.5%, Si=0.3%, Cr=0.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.81 *10³ kg/m³ 487.8 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 193 GPa 28000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 10.7*10-6… text/html 2008-05-16T13:15:09-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tool_steel_s1&amp;rev=1210958109 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Tool and die steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) USA: AISI S1, UK: BS1, Sweden: 2710, Germany: 1.2542, Japan: SKS41 Chemical composition: C=0.5%, Mn=0.3%, W=2.5%, Si=0.3%, Cr=1.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.8 *10³ kg/m³ 486.9 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 207 GPa 30000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 10.9*10-6 … text/html 2008-05-16T13:15:28-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tool_steel_t15&amp;rev=1210958128 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Tool and die steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) USA: AISI T15, UK: BT15, Sweden: USA T15, Germany: 1.3202, Japan: SKH10 Chemical composition: C=1.6%, Mn=0.3%, W=12%, Si=0.3%, Cr=4%, V=5%, Co=5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.19 *10³ kg/m³ 511.2 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 214 GPa 31000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 �… text/html 2008-05-16T13:13:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tool_steel_w1&amp;rev=1210958026 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Tool and die steels to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) USA: AISI W1, UK: BW1, Sweden: USA W1, Germany: 1.1654, Japan: SK2 Chemical composition: C=1.0%, Mn=0.35%, Si=0.3% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.83 *10³ kg/m³ 488.8 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 205 GPa 29700 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 10.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 5.78… text/html 2007-03-16T21:57:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=topbar&amp;rev=1174096655 ARCHIVE About us PROFILE text/html 2008-05-17T03:06:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=toughened_acrylic_adhesive&amp;rev=1211008013 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Classification of adhesives to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Toughened acrylic adhesive Two component (with initiator), toughened, high impact, high thermal resistance acrylic adhesive Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Viscosity at 77°F (25°C) 17000 cP 0.355 lbf*sec/ft² Fixture time 2 min 2 min Full cure time 24 hrs 24 hrs Maximum ga… text/html 2009-04-01T05:57:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=transfer_molding_of_polymers&amp;rev=1238579858 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Methods of polymers fabrication Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Transfer Molding (Resin Transfer Molding) is a process in which a pre-weighed amount of a polymer is preheated in a separate chamber (transfer pot) and then forced into a preheated mold through a sprue, taking a shape of the mold cavity and performing curing due to heat and pressure applied to the material. text/html 2009-06-25T10:26:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=transformer_oils_insulating_oils&amp;rev=1245939981 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Transformer oils (insulating oils) are dielectric oils used in oil-filled transformers, some high voltage capacitors and circuit breakers, fluorescent lamp ballasts. Oil-filled transformers are more efficient, more reliable more compact, more quiet and with longer lifespan than dry transformers. Transformer oils have the following functions: text/html 2011-10-18T08:41:37-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tribological_properties_and_applications_of_alumina&amp;rev=1318941697 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Applications of ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Content * Introduction * Tribology * Friction * Lubrication * Wear * Tribology of alumina * Factors affecting the tribological properties of alumina * Effect of microstructure * Manufacturing processes forming microstructure of alumina ceramics * Effect of surface characteristics on tribological properties of alumina ceramics * Effect of lub… text/html 2011-04-02T10:39:29-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tribological_properties_of_alumina_reinforced_composites&amp;rev=1301755169 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Composites Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Composite materials reinforced (filled) with ceramic particles/fibers (e.g., alumina) are extensively used in the applications in which tribological properties (wear rate, coefficient of friction) are important. Hardness of alumina is extremely high. It may reach 2200 HV. Due to such high hardness Alumina ceramics have excellent wear resistance. Wear resistance of Metals and par… text/html 2011-12-08T06:54:08-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tribology_of_ceramics&amp;rev=1323345248 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Fundamentals of ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Characteristics of friction and wear of a ceramic material are determined by a combination of its bulk microstructure parameters, surface conditions and environmental factors (temperature, atmosphere pressure, etc.), lubrication conditions. text/html 2012-04-28T12:32:29-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tribology_of_polymers&amp;rev=1335630749 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Tribology is the science and engineering of rubbing surfaces. Polymer is a substance (natural or synthetic), molecules of which consist of numerous small repeated chemical units (monomers) linked to each other in a regular pattern. text/html 2008-05-17T03:38:27-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=trichlorethylene&amp;rev=1211009907 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Chlorinated solvent Trichlorethylene Chemical formula: ClCH-CCl2 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 1.46*10³ kg/m³ 91.4 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 0.58 cP 3.89*10-4 lb/ft·s Surface tension at 68°F (20°C) 0.032 N/m 1.82*10-4 lbf/in Vapor pressure at 68�… text/html 2008-05-17T03:40:13-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=trichlorofluoromethane&amp;rev=1211010013 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Halogenated solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Fluorocarbon solvent Trichlorofluoromethane (Freon 11) Chemical formula: CCl3F Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 77°F (25°C) 1.494 *10³ kg/m³ 93.3 lb/ft³ Vapor pressure at 68°F (20°C) 89 kPa 13 psi Boiling point 23.8 ºC 74.8 ºF Melting Point -110.5 ºC -166.9 �… text/html 2009-02-14T10:53:33-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=tungsten_inert_gas_arc_welding_tig_gtaw&amp;rev=1234626813 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Metal joining technologies (welding, brazing, soldering) Tungsten Inert Gas Arc Welding (TIG, GTAW) Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Tungsten Inert Gas Arc Welding (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) is a welding process, in which heat is generated by an electric arc struck between a tungsten non-consumable electrode and the work piece. The weld pool is shielded by an inert gas (Argon, helium, Nitrogen) protecting the molte… text/html 2008-05-17T03:10:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=two_component_fast_curing_epoxy_adhesive&amp;rev=1211008257 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Classification of adhesives to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Two component fast curing epoxy adhesive Two component, clear, non-yellowing fast curing epoxy adhesive Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Viscosity (mixed) at 77°F (25°C) 12000 cP 0.251 lbf*sec/ft² Working strength time 5 min 5 min Full cure time 24 hrs 24 hrs Maximum gap … text/html 2008-05-17T03:11:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=two_component_toughened_epoxy_adhesive&amp;rev=1211008276 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Classification of adhesives to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Two component toughened epoxy adhesive Two component toughened, thixotropic paste, high strength, high thermal resistance epoxy adhesive Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Viscosity (mixed) at 77°F (25°C) 300000 cP 6.27 lbf*sec/ft² Working strength time 2 hrs 2 hrs Full cure time 72… text/html 2008-09-14T09:26:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=typical_alumina_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_sic_long_fibers&amp;rev=1221398772 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Typical alumina matrix SiC reinforced by long fibers Composition: alumina (Al2O3) matrix + SiC long (continuous) fibers Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.82 *10³ kg/m³ 176 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 124 GPa 18000 ksi Tensile strength 365 MPa 53000 psi… text/html 2008-09-14T09:24:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=typical_silicon_carbide_matrix_composite_reinforced_by_sic_long_fibers&amp;rev=1221398687 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramic Matrix Composites (introduction) to Properties of composites (submitted by the website administration) Typical SiC matrix reinforced by SiC long fibers Composition: Silicon carbon (SiC) matrix + SiC long (cont.) fibers Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.1 *10³ kg/m³ 131 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 96 GPa 13900 ksi Tensile strength 262 MPa 38000 psi Com… text/html 2012-02-11T12:04:05-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=ultrasonic_processing&amp;rev=1328979845 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Dispersions Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Acoustic waves of ultrasonic frequencies (16 kHz to 2 MHz) are used for materials processing . Parameters of ultrasonic processing (amplitude, frequency, power) are well controlled. Ultrasonic processing of Fluids employs the phenomenon of acoustic cavitation. Acoustic cavitation is the formation of bubbles (cavities) in a liquid as a result of a rapid drop of the liq… text/html 2008-05-17T03:10:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=uv_cure_thixotropic_urethane_adhesive&amp;rev=1211008221 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Classification of adhesives to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) UV cure thixotropic urethane adhesive UV cure thixotropic single component electrically insulating urethane adhesive Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.02 *10³ kg/m³ 68.7 lb/ft³ Viscosity thixotropic paste Hardness, Durometer A 80 A 80 A Solids 100 % 100 % Glas… text/html 2012-04-14T07:24:06-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=vapor_deposition&amp;rev=1334402646 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Coating technologies Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich There are two basic vapor deposition processes: * Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) * Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) text/html 2012-04-28T12:33:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=vulcanization_of_rubber&amp;rev=1335630815 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Vulcanization of rubber is a process of improvement of the rubber elasticity and strength by heating it in the presence of sulfur, which results in three-dimensional cross-linking of the chain rubber molecules (polyisoprene) bonded to each other by sulfur atoms. There are two general types of rubber: text/html 2011-10-08T13:31:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=water-borne_paints&amp;rev=1318095119 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Polymers to Paints Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Water-borne paints (latex paints) are the paints formulated on the base of water as the major solvent serving as a vehicle carrying the solid components (binders, pigments and additives). Water-borne paints commonly contain up to 15% of Hydrocarbon solvents, which control the paint viscosity and wettability. Most polymer resins may be used as the binders in water-borne pai… text/html 2008-05-17T03:28:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=way_lubricant_iso_150&amp;rev=1211009311 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Way lubricants to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Way lubricant ISO 150 Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.892 *10³ kg/m³ 55.7 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 143.3 cSt 143.3 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C)/) 14.4 cSt 14.4 cSt Viscosity index 98 98 Flash point … text/html 2008-05-17T03:28:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=way_lubricant_iso_220&amp;rev=1211009331 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Way lubricants to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Way lubricant ISO 220 Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.896 *10³ kg/m³ 55.9 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 241 cSt 241 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C)/) 20.8 cSt 20.8 cSt Viscosity index 96 96 Flash point 288… text/html 2008-05-17T03:27:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=way_lubricant_iso_32&amp;rev=1211009264 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Way lubricants to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Way lubricant ISO 32 Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.872 *10³ kg/m³ 54.5 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 33.3 cSt 33.3 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C)/) 5.6 cSt 5.6 cSt Viscosity index 104 104 Flash point 23… text/html 2008-05-17T03:28:00-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=way_lubricant_iso_68&amp;rev=1211009280 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Way lubricants to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Way lubricant ISO 68 Mineral based oil Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 60°F (15.6°C) 0.885 *10³ kg/m³ 55.3 lb/ft³ Kinematic viscosity at 104°F (40°C) 68.4 cSt 68.4 cSt Kinematic viscosity at 212°F (100°C)/) 8.8 cSt 8.8 cSt Viscosity index 101 101 Flash point 23… text/html 2009-06-25T10:25:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=way_lubricants&amp;rev=1245939907 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Fluids to Lubricants Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Way lubricant is a fluid designed for lubrication of slideways of metalworking machine tools. Way lubricants provide smooth motion of the plane sliding metal parts free from stick-slip problems. Most of way lubricants are mineral oil based, however synthetic oil based way lubricants are also used in some applications. Biodegradable vegetable oil based way lubricants are … text/html 2009-11-27T08:00:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=weak_anion_exchange_resin&amp;rev=1259326842 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ion exchange resins to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Weak Base Anion Exchange Resin Uniform Particle Size, High Capacity, Weak Base Anion Exchange Resin Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Matrix Styrene-DVB, macroporous Functional group Tertiary amine Exchange capacity 1.3 eq/l 28.4 kgr of CaCO3/ft³ Water content 55% Total swelling (Cl- → … text/html 2009-11-27T07:59:20-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=weak_cation_exchange_resin&amp;rev=1259326760 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ion exchange resins to Properties of polymers (submitted by the website administration) Weak Cation Exchange Resin Macroporous Weak Acid Cation Exchange Resin in hydrogen form Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Matrix Polyacrylic, macroporous Functional group Carboxylic acid Exchange capacity 3.8 eq/l 83 kgr of CaCO3/ft³ Water content 47% Total swelling (Na+ → H+) 70% Part… text/html 2011-12-08T06:51:26-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wear_resistant_alumina_coatings&amp;rev=1323345086 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Oxide ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Wear is the removal of the material from the surface of a solid body as a result of mechanical action of the counterbody. Wear is one of the main causes of failing mechanical systems. Wear of a metallic, polymeric or ceramic part may be considerably reduced by applying a wear resistant coating over the part surface. Alumina ceramics have an excellent resistance t… text/html 2011-03-19T13:28:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=welding_stainless_steels&amp;rev=1300555715 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Steels and cast irons Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich * Welding austenitic stainless steels * Welding ferritic stainless steels * Welding martensitic stainless steels * Welding austenitic-ferritic (Duplex) stainless steels * Welding precipitation hardening stainless steels text/html 2008-05-16T13:19:40-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=white_cast_iron&amp;rev=1210958380 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Cast irons to Properties of steels and cast irons (submitted by the website administration) White cast iron Chemical composition: C=2.5%, Mn=0.4%, Cr=17%, Si=1.3%, Ni+Cu=1.5%, Cr=1%,P=0.15%, S=0.15%, Mo=0.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.7 *10³ kg/m³ 481 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 179 GPa 26000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 9.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 5.0*10-6 in/(in… text/html 2008-05-17T03:36:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=white_spirit&amp;rev=1211009814 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydrocarbon solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) White spirit White spirit, Stoddard solvent Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 0.78 *10³ kg/m³ 48.7 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 1.2 cP 8*10-4 lb/ft·s Vapor pressure at 77°F (25°C) 4.5 torr 4.5 torr Boiling point 150-220 ºC 302-437 ºF Flash Po… text/html 2008-05-16T13:23:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-copper_alloy_2011&amp;rev=1210958639 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-copper alloys (2xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum alloy 2011 Chemical composition: Cu=5.5%, Pb=0.4%, Bi = 0.4% min, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.83 *10³ kg/m³ 177 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 70 GPa 10200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 22.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.7*10-6 in/… text/html 2008-05-16T13:24:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-copper_alloy_2014&amp;rev=1210958664 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-copper alloys (2xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum alloy 2014 Chemical composition: Si=0.80%,Cu=4.4%, Mn=0.8%, Mg = 0.50%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.80 *10³ kg/m³ 175 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 72 GPa 10500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.8*10-6 … text/html 2008-05-16T13:24:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-copper_alloy_2017&amp;rev=1210958696 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-copper alloys (2xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum alloy 2017 Chemical composition: Si=0.50%,Cu=4.0%, Mn=0.70%, Mg = 0.60%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.79 *10³ kg/m³ 174 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 72 GPa 10500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.1*… text/html 2008-05-16T13:25:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-copper_alloy_2024&amp;rev=1210958721 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-copper alloys (2xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum alloy 2024 Chemical composition: Cu=4.4%, Mn=0.60%, Mg = 1.5%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.78 *10³ kg/m³ 174 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 73 GPa 10600 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.9*10-6 in/(i… text/html 2008-05-16T13:25:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-copper_alloy_2124&amp;rev=1210958751 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-copper alloys (2xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum alloy 2124 Chemical composition: Cu=4.4%, Mn=0.60%, Mg = 1.5%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.78 *10³ kg/m³ 174 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 73 GPa 10600 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 22.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.7*10-6 in/(in… text/html 2008-05-16T13:26:20-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-copper_alloy_2219&amp;rev=1210958780 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-copper alloys (2xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum alloy 2219 Chemical composition: Cu=6.3%, Mn=0.30%, Ti = 0.06%, V=0.10%, Zr=0.18%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.84 *10³ kg/m³ 177 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 73 GPa 10600 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 22.3*10-6 ºCˉ¹… text/html 2009-02-16T16:19:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-copper_alloys_2xxx&amp;rev=1234819174 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys to Wrought aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Wrought aluminum alloys designation system, alloys of this series are designated 2xxx. text/html 2008-05-16T13:46:12-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-lithium_alloy_8090&amp;rev=1210959972 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-lithium alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-lithium alloy 8090 Chemical composition: Li=2.4%, Cu=1.9%, Mg=0.9%, Zr=0.1%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.54 *10³ kg/m³ 159 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 77 GPa 11200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 21.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.9*10-6… text/html 2008-05-16T13:46:34-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-lithium_alloy_weldalite_049&amp;rev=1210959994 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-lithium alloys to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-lithium alloy Weldalite 049 Chemical composition: Li=1.3%, Cu=4.5%, Mg=0.4% Zr=0.14%, Ag=0.4%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.6 *10³ kg/m³ 162 lb/ft³ Tensile strength 480 MPa 69600 psi Yield strength 330 MPa 47900 psi Elong… text/html 2009-02-16T16:23:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-lithium_alloys&amp;rev=1234819433 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys to Wrought aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Aluminum-lithium (Li) alloys were developed for reducing weights of aircraft and aerospace structures. text/html 2008-05-16T13:38:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium-silicon_alloy_6053&amp;rev=1210959491 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys (6xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy 6053 Chemical composition: Si=0.4..0.7*Mg, Mg=1.25%, Cr = 0.25%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.69 *10³ kg/m³ 168 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23… text/html 2008-05-16T13:38:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium-silicon_alloy_6061&amp;rev=1210959518 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys (6xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy 6061 Chemical composition: Si=0.6%, Cu=0.28%, Mg=1.0%, Cr = 0.20%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.70 *10³ kg/m³ 169 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) … text/html 2008-05-16T13:39:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium-silicon_alloy_6063&amp;rev=1210959547 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys (6xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy 6063 Chemical composition: Si=0.4%, Mg=0.7%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.70 *10³ kg/m³ 169 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ … text/html 2008-05-16T13:39:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium-silicon_alloy_6066&amp;rev=1210959576 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys (6xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy 6066 Chemical composition: Si=1.4%, Cu=1.0%, Mn=0.8%, Mg=1.1%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.72 *10³ kg/m³ 170 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 2… text/html 2008-05-16T13:40:57-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium-silicon_alloy_6070&amp;rev=1210959657 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys (6xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy 6070 Chemical composition: Si=1.4%, Cu=0.28%, Mn=0.7%, Mg=0.7%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.71 *10³ kg/m³ 169 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 2… text/html 2008-05-16T13:41:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium-silicon_alloy_6101&amp;rev=1210959683 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys (6xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy 6101 Chemical composition: Si=0.5%, Mg=0.6%, B=0.06% max., Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.70 *10³ kg/m³ 169 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.4*1… text/html 2008-05-16T13:41:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium-silicon_alloy_6151&amp;rev=1210959715 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys (6xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy 6151 Chemical composition: Si=0.9%, Mn=0.6%, Mg=0.6%, Cr = 0.25%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.71 *10³ kg/m³ 169 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) … text/html 2008-05-16T13:42:21-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium-silicon_alloy_6201&amp;rev=1210959741 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys (6xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy 6201 Chemical composition: Si=0.7%, Mg=0.8%, B=0.06% max. Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.69 *10³ kg/m³ 168 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.4*10… text/html 2008-05-16T13:42:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium-silicon_alloy_6463&amp;rev=1210959764 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys (6xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy 6463 Chemical composition: Si=0.4%, Mg=0.7%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.69 *10³ kg/m³ 168 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ … text/html 2008-05-16T13:43:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium-silicon_alloy_6951&amp;rev=1210959787 to Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys (6xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy 6591 Chemical composition: Si=0.35%, Cu=0.28%, Mg=0.6%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.70 *10³ kg/m³ 169 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.4*10-6… text/html 2009-02-16T16:22:47-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium-silicon_alloys_6xxx&amp;rev=1234819367 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys to Wrought aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Wrought aluminum alloys designation system, alloys of this series are designated 6xxx. text/html 2008-05-16T13:31:33-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5005&amp;rev=1210959093 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5005 Chemical composition: Mg=0.80%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.70 *10³ kg/m³ 169 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.2*10-6 in/(in* �… text/html 2008-05-16T13:32:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5050&amp;rev=1210959123 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5050 Chemical composition: Mg=1.4%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.69 *10³ kg/m³ 168 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.2*10-6 in/(in* º… text/html 2008-05-16T13:32:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5052&amp;rev=1210959155 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5052 Chemical composition: Mg=2.5%, Cr=0.25%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.68 *10³ kg/m³ 167 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 70 GPa 10200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.2*10-6 … text/html 2008-05-16T13:33:00-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5056&amp;rev=1210959180 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5056 Chemical composition: Mn=0.12%,Mg=5.0%, Cr=0.12%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.64 *10³ kg/m³ 165 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 24.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.… text/html 2008-05-16T13:33:26-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5083&amp;rev=1210959206 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5083 Chemical composition: Mn=0.70%,Mg=4.4%, Cr=0.15%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.66 *10³ kg/m³ 166 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.… text/html 2008-05-16T13:33:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5086&amp;rev=1210959234 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5086 Chemical composition: Mn=0.45%,Mg=4.0%, Cr=0.15%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.66 *10³ kg/m³ 166 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.… text/html 2008-05-16T13:34:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5154&amp;rev=1210959256 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5154 Chemical composition: Mg=3.5%, Cr=0.25%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.66 *10³ kg/m³ 166 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 70 GPa 10200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.3*10-6 … text/html 2008-05-16T13:34:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5252&amp;rev=1210959289 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5252 Chemical composition: Mg=2.5%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.67 *10³ kg/m³ 167 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.2*10-6 in/(in* º… text/html 2008-05-16T13:35:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5254&amp;rev=1210959311 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5254 Chemical composition: Mg=3.5%, Cr=0.25%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.66 *10³ kg/m³ 166 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 70 GPa 10200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.3*10-6 … text/html 2008-05-16T13:35:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5454&amp;rev=1210959338 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5454 Chemical composition: Mn=0.8%, Mg=2.7%, Cr=0.12%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.69 *10³ kg/m³ 168 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 70 GPa 10200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.… text/html 2008-05-16T13:36:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5456&amp;rev=1210959367 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5456 Chemical composition: Mn=0.12%, Mg=5.0%, Cr=0.12%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.66 *10³ kg/m³ 166 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 70 GPa 10200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13… text/html 2008-05-16T13:36:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5457&amp;rev=1210959401 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5457 Chemical composition: Mn=0.3%, Mg=1.0%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.69 *10³ kg/m³ 168 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.2*10-6 i… text/html 2008-05-16T13:37:15-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5652&amp;rev=1210959435 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5652 Chemical composition: Mg=2.5%, Cr=0.25%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.67 *10³ kg/m³ 167 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 70 GPa 10200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.2*10-6 … text/html 2008-05-16T13:37:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloy_5657&amp;rev=1210959458 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloys (5xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-magnesium alloy 5657 Chemical composition: Mg=0.8%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.69 *10³ kg/m³ 168 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.2*10-6 in/(in* º… text/html 2009-02-16T16:21:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-magnesium_alloys_5xxx&amp;rev=1234819309 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys to Wrought aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Wrought aluminum alloys designation system, alloys of this series are designated 5xxx. text/html 2008-05-16T13:26:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-manganese_alloy_3003&amp;rev=1210958812 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-manganese alloys (3xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-manganese alloy 3003 Chemical composition: Cu=0.12%, Mn=1.25%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.73 *10³ kg/m³ 170 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.9*10-6 … text/html 2008-05-16T13:27:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-manganese_alloy_3004&amp;rev=1210958836 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-manganese alloys (3xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-manganese alloy 3004 Chemical composition: Mn=1.25%, Mg=1.05%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.72 *10³ kg/m³ 170 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.3*10-6 i… text/html 2008-05-16T13:27:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-manganese_alloy_3005&amp;rev=1210958862 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-manganese alloys (3xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-manganese alloy 3005 Chemical composition: Mn=1.25%, Mg=0.4%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.73 *10³ kg/m³ 170 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.3*10-6 in… text/html 2008-05-16T13:29:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-manganese_alloy_3105&amp;rev=1210958951 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-manganese alloys (3xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-manganese alloy 3105 Chemical composition: Mn=0.55%, Mg=0. 50%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.72 *10³ kg/m³ 170 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.1*10-6 … text/html 2009-02-16T16:20:29-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-manganese_alloys_3xxx&amp;rev=1234819229 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys to Wrought aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Wrought aluminum alloys designation system, alloys of this series are designated 3xxx. text/html 2008-05-16T13:29:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-silicon_alloy_4032&amp;rev=1210958982 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-silicon alloys (4xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-silicon alloy 4032 Chemical composition: Si=12.2%,Cu=0.9%, Mg=1.05%, Ni = 0.9%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.68 *10³ kg/m³ 167 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 79 GPa 11400 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 19.4*10-6 ºCˉ�… text/html 2008-05-16T13:30:08-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-silicon_alloy_4043&amp;rev=1210959008 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-silicon alloys (4xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-silicon alloy 4043 Chemical composition: Si=5.2%, Be = 0.0008%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.69 *10³ kg/m³ 168 lb/ft³ Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 22.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.3*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 850 J/(… text/html 2008-05-16T13:30:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-silicon_alloy_4045&amp;rev=1210959031 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-silicon alloys (4xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-silicon alloy 4045 Chemical composition: Si=10.0%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.67 *10³ kg/m³ 167 lb/ft³ Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 21.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.7*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Thermal conductivity 171 W/(m*K) 1190 B… text/html 2008-05-16T13:30:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-silicon_alloy_4343&amp;rev=1210959059 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-silicon alloys (4xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-silicon alloy 4343 Chemical composition: Si=7.5%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.68 *10³ kg/m³ 167 lb/ft³ Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 21.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 12.0*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Thermal conductivity 180 W/(m*K) 1250 BT… text/html 2009-02-16T16:21:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-silicon_alloys_4xxx&amp;rev=1234819267 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys to Wrought aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Wrought aluminum alloys designation system, alloys of this series are designated 4xxx. text/html 2008-05-16T13:43:37-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-zinc-magnesium_alloy_7001&amp;rev=1210959817 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloys (7xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloy 7001 Chemical composition: Cu=2.1%, Mg=3.0%, Cr=0.26%, Zn=7.4%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.84 *10³ kg/m³ 177 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 71 GPa 10300 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.4*1… text/html 2008-05-16T13:44:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-zinc-magnesium_alloy_7005&amp;rev=1210959841 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloys (7xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloy 7005 Chemical composition: Mn=0.45%, Mg=1.4%, Cr=0.13%, Zn=4.5%, Zr=0.14%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.78 *10³ kg/m³ 174 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 721 GPa 10400 ksi Thermal expansion (20 �… text/html 2008-05-16T13:44:26-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-zinc-magnesium_alloy_7039&amp;rev=1210959866 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloys (7xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloy 7039 Chemical composition: Mn=0.25%, Mg=2.8%, Cr=0.20%, Zn=4.0%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.74 *10³ kg/m³ 171 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 70 GPa 10100 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.4*… text/html 2008-05-16T13:44:51-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-zinc-magnesium_alloy_7072&amp;rev=1210959891 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloys (7xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloy 7072 Chemical composition: Zn=1.0%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.72 *10³ kg/m³ 170 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 70 GPa 10200 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.1*10-6 … text/html 2008-05-16T13:45:17-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-zinc-magnesium_alloy_7075&amp;rev=1210959917 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloys (7xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloy 7075 Chemical composition: Cu=1.6%, Mg=2.5%, Cr=0.23%, Zn=5.6%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.81 *10³ kg/m³ 175 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 72 GPa 10400 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.6*1… text/html 2008-05-16T13:45:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-zinc-magnesium_alloy_7178&amp;rev=1210959942 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloys (7xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum-zinc-magnesium alloy 7178 Chemical composition: Cu=2.0%, Mg=2.8%, Cr=0.26% Zn=6.8%, Al balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.83 *10³ kg/m³ 177 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 72 GPa 10400 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.4*10… text/html 2009-02-16T16:23:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum-zinc-magnesium_alloys_7xxx&amp;rev=1234819398 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys to Wrought aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Wrought aluminum alloys designation system, alloys of this series are designated 7xxx. text/html 2008-05-16T13:22:58-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum_alloy_1060&amp;rev=1210958578 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum alloys (1xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum alloy 1060 Chemical composition: Si=0.25%, Fe=0.35%, Al = 99.6% min Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.705 *10³ kg/m³ 169 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.1*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Spec… text/html 2008-05-16T13:22:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum_alloy_1100&amp;rev=1210958551 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum alloys (1xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum alloy 1100 Chemical composition: Si + Fe =0.95% , Cu=0.12%, Al=99.0% min Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.71 *10³ kg/m³ 169 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.1*10-6 in/(in* ºF) … text/html 2008-05-16T13:23:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum_alloy_1350&amp;rev=1210958610 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum alloys (1xxx) to Properties of aluminum alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought aluminum alloy 1350 Chemical composition: Si=0.1%, Fe =0.40% , Al=99.5% min Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 2.705 *10³ kg/m³ 169 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 69 GPa 10000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 23.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 13.2*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Spec… text/html 2010-12-25T10:40:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum_alloys&amp;rev=1293291648 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Wrought aluminum alloys are used in the shaping processes: rolling, forging, extrusion, pressing, stamping. There are two principal groups of the wrought aluminum alloys: text/html 2009-02-16T16:18:54-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum_alloys_1xxx&amp;rev=1234819134 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Aluminum alloys to Wrought aluminum alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Wrought aluminum alloys designation system, alloys of this series are designated 1xxx. text/html 2009-02-28T06:50:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum_bronzes&amp;rev=1235821807 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Aluminum Bronzes are copper alloys, containing 3.5-10% of aluminum (Al) as the major alloying element. Wrought Aluminum Bronzes are designated with the numbers from C60800 through C64699. text/html 2009-02-28T06:48:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_brasses&amp;rev=1235821721 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Yellow Brasses are copper alloys, containing 5-41% of zinc (Zn) as the major alloying element. Wrought brasses (Gilding, Red Brass, Low Brass,Cartridge Brass, Yellow Brass, Muntz Metal) are designated with the numbers from C20500 through C28580. text/html 2009-02-28T06:45:18-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper-nickel_alloys_and_nickel_silvers&amp;rev=1235821518 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Copper-Nickel Alloys (Copper-Nickels, Cupro-nickels) are copper alloys, containing 1.5-45% of nickel (Ni) as the major alloying element. Wrought Copper-Nickel alloys are designated with the numbers from C70000 through C73499. text/html 2008-05-16T13:54:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c15000_zirconium_copper&amp;rev=1210960443 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought Coppers and high copper alloys to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C15000 (Zirconium Copper) Chemical composition: Zr=0.15%, Cu = 99.8% min Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.89 *10³ kg/m³ 555 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 129 GPa 18700 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.4*10-6 in/(i… text/html 2008-05-16T13:54:25-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c17000_beryllium_copper&amp;rev=1210960465 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought Coppers and high copper alloys to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C17000 (Beryllium Copper) Chemical composition: Be=1.7%, Cu = 98.3% min Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.41 *10³ kg/m³ 525 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 128 GPa 18500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.9*10-6 in/(in… text/html 2008-05-16T13:54:52-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c18200_chromium_copper&amp;rev=1210960492 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought Coppers and high copper alloys to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C18200 (Chromium Copper) Chemical composition: Cr=0.9%,Cu = 99.1% min Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.89 *10³ kg/m³ 555 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.6*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.8*10-6 in/(in* �… text/html 2008-05-16T13:55:22-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c24000_low_brass&amp;rev=1210960522 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C24000 (Low Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=20%, Cu=80% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.66 *10³ kg/m³ 541 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 110 GPa 16000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 19.1*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.6*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 377 … text/html 2008-05-16T13:55:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c26000_cartridge_brass&amp;rev=1210960542 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C26000 (Cartridge Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=30%, Cu=70% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.53 *10³ kg/m³ 532 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 110 GPa 16000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 20.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.1*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity … text/html 2008-05-16T13:56:01-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c27000_yellow_brass&amp;rev=1210960561 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C27000 (Yellow Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=35%, Cu=65% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.47 *10³ kg/m³ 529 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 20.3*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.3*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 37… text/html 2008-05-16T13:56:20-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c28000_muntz_metal&amp;rev=1210960580 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C28000 (Muntz Metal) Chemical composition: Zn=40%, Cu=60% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.39 *10³ kg/m³ 524 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 20.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.6*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 377… text/html 2008-05-16T13:56:46-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c35000_medium_leaded_brass&amp;rev=1210960606 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C35000 (Medium Leaded Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=37.4%, Pb=1.1%, Cu=61.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.44 *10³ kg/m³ 527 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 20.3*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.3*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specifi… text/html 2008-05-16T13:57:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c36000_free-cutting_brass&amp;rev=1210960631 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C36000 (Free-Cutting Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=35.4%, Pb=3.1%, Cu=61.5% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.50 *10³ kg/m³ 531 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 96.5 GPa 14000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 20.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specifi… text/html 2008-05-16T13:57:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c43500_tin_brass&amp;rev=1210960656 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C43500 (Tin Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=18.1%, Sn=0.9%, Cu=81.0% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.66 *10³ kg/m³ 541 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 110 GPa 16000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 19.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.8*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat cap… text/html 2008-05-16T13:57:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c46400_uninhibited_naval_brass&amp;rev=1210960679 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought brasses to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C46400 (Uninhibited Naval Brass) Chemical composition: Zn=39.2%, Sn=0.7%, Cu=60% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.41 *10³ kg/m³ 525 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 21.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 11.8*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Speci… text/html 2008-05-16T13:58:33-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c50500_phosphor_bronze_1.25_e&amp;rev=1210960713 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought phosphor bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C50500 (Phosphor Bronze 1.25% E) Chemical composition: Sn=1.3%, P=0.19%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.89 *10³ kg/m³ 555 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.9*10-6 in/(in… text/html 2008-05-16T13:58:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c51000_phosphor_bronze_5_a&amp;rev=1210960735 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought phosphor bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C51000 (Phosphor Bronze 5% A) Chemical composition: Sn=5.0%, P=0.19%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.86 *10³ kg/m³ 553 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 110 GPa 16000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.9*10-6 in/(in* º… text/html 2008-05-16T13:59:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c52100_phosphor_bronze_8_c&amp;rev=1210960756 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought phosphor bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C52100 (Phosphor Bronze 8% C) Chemical composition: Sn=8.0%, P=0.19%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.80 *10³ kg/m³ 549 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 110 GPa 16000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.1*10-6 in/(in* �… text/html 2008-05-16T13:59:41-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c52400_phosphor_bronze_10_d&amp;rev=1210960781 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought phosphor bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C52400 (Phosphor Bronze 10% D) Chemical composition: Sn=10.0%, P=0.19%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.77 *10³ kg/m³ 548 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 110 GPa 16000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 1 8.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.2*10-6 in/(in*… text/html 2008-05-16T14:00:03-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c54400_lead_phosphor_bronze_b-2&amp;rev=1210960803 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought phosphor bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C54400 (Lead Phosphor Bronze B-2) Chemical composition: Sn=4.0%, Pb=4.0%, P=0.25%, Zn=4.0%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.89 *10³ kg/m³ 555 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.3*10-6 ºCˉ¹ … text/html 2008-05-16T14:00:38-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c61000_aluminum_bronze&amp;rev=1210960838 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C61000 (Aluminum Bronze) Chemical composition: Al=8.0%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.78 *10³ kg/m³ 486 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.9*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific he… text/html 2008-05-16T14:01:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c61400_aluminum_bronze&amp;rev=1210960867 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C61400 (Aluminum Bronze) Chemical composition: Al=7.0%, Fe=2.0%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.89 *10³ kg/m³ 493 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.0*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Sp… text/html 2008-05-16T14:14:42-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c62300_aluminum_bronze&amp;rev=1210961682 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C62300 (Aluminum Bronze) Chemical composition: Al=10.0%, Fe=3.0%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.67 *10³ kg/m³ 479 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.0*10-6 in/(in* ºF) S… text/html 2008-05-16T14:15:08-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c63000_aluminum_bronze&amp;rev=1210961708 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C63000 (Aluminum Bronze) Chemical composition: Al=10.0%, Fe=3.0%, Ni=5%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.58 *10³ kg/m³ 473 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 121 GPa 17500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.0*10-6 in/(in* … text/html 2008-05-16T14:15:32-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c64200_aluminum_bronze&amp;rev=1210961732 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought aluminum bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C64200 (Aluminum Bronze) Chemical composition: Al=7.0%, Si=1.8%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 7.70 *10³ kg/m³ 481 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 110 GPa 16000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.0*10-6 in/(in* ºF) S… text/html 2008-05-16T14:16:02-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c65100_low-silicon_bronze_b&amp;rev=1210961762 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought silicon bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C65100 (Low-silicon Bronze B) Chemical composition: Si=1.5%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.75 *10³ kg/m³ 546 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.8*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.9*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Speci… text/html 2008-05-16T14:16:24-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c65400_silicon_bronze&amp;rev=1210961784 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought silicon bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C65400 (Silicon Bronze) Chemical composition: Si=3.0%, Sn=1.5%, Cr=0.06%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.55 *10³ kg/m³ 534 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.5*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.7*10-6 in/(in*… text/html 2008-05-16T14:16:44-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c65500_high-silicon_bronze_a&amp;rev=1210961804 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought silicon bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C65500 (High-silicon Bronze A) Chemical composition: Si=3.0%, Mn=0.9%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.53 *10³ kg/m³ 532 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 103 GPa 15000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 18.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 10.0*10-6 in/(in* º… text/html 2008-05-16T14:17:06-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c70400_copper-nickel_5&amp;rev=1210961826 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C70400 (Copper-Nickel 5%) Chemical composition: Ni=5.5%, Mn=0.6%, Fe=1.5%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94 *10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 17.5*10-6 ºC�… text/html 2008-05-16T14:17:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c70600_copper-nickel_10&amp;rev=1210961850 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C70600 (Copper-Nickel 10%) Chemical composition: Ni=10%, Fe=1.4%, Cu=balance Value in US unit Value in metric unit Property Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94 *10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 124 GPa 18000 ksi Ther… text/html 2008-05-16T14:17:49-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c71000_copper-nickel_20&amp;rev=1210961869 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C71000 (Copper-Nickel 20%) Chemical composition: Ni=21%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94 *10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 138 GPa 20000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.1*10-6 i… text/html 2008-05-16T14:18:06-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c71500_copper-nickel_30&amp;rev=1210961886 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C71500 (Copper-Nickel 30%) Chemical composition: Ni=30%, Fe=0.5%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94 *10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 152 GPa 22000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.0… text/html 2008-05-16T14:20:04-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c72900_spinodal_bronze_toughmet3_at&amp;rev=1210962004 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Spinodal Bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Spinodal Bronze ToughMet3 AT Chemical composition: Ni=15.0%, Sn=8.0%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94*10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 128 GPa 18500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.1*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 3… text/html 2008-05-16T14:21:05-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c72900_spinodal_bronze_toughmet3_ts&amp;rev=1210962065 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Spinodal Bronzes to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Spinodal Bronze ToughMet3 TS Chemical composition: Ni=15.0%, Sn=8.0%, Cu=balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94*10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 128 GPa 18500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.1*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacity 37… text/html 2008-05-16T14:18:30-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c74500_nickel_silver_65-10&amp;rev=1210961910 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C74500 (Nickel Silver 65-10) Chemical composition: Ni=10%, Zn=25%, Cu=65% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.69*10³ kg/m³ 542 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 121 GPa 17500 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.4*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.1*10-… text/html 2008-05-16T14:18:56-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c75200_nickel_silver_65-18&amp;rev=1210961936 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C75200 (Nickel Silver 65-18) Chemical composition: Ni=18%, Zn=17%, Cu=65% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.75*10³ kg/m³ 546 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 124 GPa 18000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.0*10-6… text/html 2008-05-17T03:47:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c75400_nickel_silver_65-15&amp;rev=1211010427 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C75400 (Nickel Silver 65-15) Chemical composition: Ni=15%, Zn=20%, Cu=65% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.69*10³ kg/m³ 542 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 124 GPa 18000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.0*10-… text/html 2008-05-16T14:19:16-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c75700_nickel_silver_65-12&amp;rev=1210961956 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C75700 (Nickel Silver 65-12) Chemical composition: Ni=12%, Zn=23%, Cu=65% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.69*10³ kg/m³ 542 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 124 GPa 18000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.2*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.0*10-… text/html 2008-05-16T14:19:36-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_alloy_c77000_nickel_silver_55-18&amp;rev=1210961976 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought copper-nickel alloys and Nickel Silvers to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper alloy C77000 (Nickel Silver 55-18) Chemical composition: Ni=18%, Zn=27%, Cu=55% Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.69*10³ kg/m³ 542 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 124 GPa 18000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.7*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.3*10-… text/html 2008-05-16T13:53:39-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_copper_c10100_oxygen-free_electronic_copper&amp;rev=1210960419 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought Coppers and high copper alloys to Properties of copper alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought copper C10100 (Oxygen-Free Electronic Copper) Chemical composition: Cu = 99.99% min Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 8.94 *10³ kg/m³ 558 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 117 GPa 17000 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 16.9*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 9.4*10-6 in/(in… text/html 2009-02-28T06:47:06-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_coppers_and_high_copper_alloys&amp;rev=1235821626 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Coppers are copper alloys, containing not less than 99.3% of copper. Wrought coppers are designated with the numbers from C10100 through C157600. text/html 2008-05-16T14:38:53-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_magnesium_alloy_az31b&amp;rev=1210963133 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought magnesium alloys to Properties of magnesium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought magnesium alloy AZ31B Chemical composition: Mn = 0.2% min, Al=3.0%, Zn=1.0%, Mg balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.77 *10³ kg/m³ 110 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 45 GPa 6530 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 26.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 14.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) S… text/html 2008-05-16T14:39:14-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_magnesium_alloy_az80a&amp;rev=1210963154 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought magnesium alloys to Properties of magnesium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought magnesium alloy AZ80A Chemical composition: Mn = 0.12% min, Al=8.5%, Zn=0.5%, Mg balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.80 *10³ kg/m³ 112 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 45 GPa 6530 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 26.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 14.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) … text/html 2008-05-16T14:39:55-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_magnesium_alloy_hm31a&amp;rev=1210963195 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought magnesium alloys to Properties of magnesium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought magnesium alloy HM31A Chemical composition: Th=3.0%, Mn=1.2% min., Mg balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.80 *10³ kg/m³ 112 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 45 GPa 6530 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 26.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 14.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific he… text/html 2008-05-16T14:38:23-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_magnesium_alloy_m1a&amp;rev=1210963103 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought magnesium alloys to Properties of magnesium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought magnesium alloy M1A Chemical composition: Mn = 1.2% min, Mg balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.77 *10³ kg/m³ 110 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 45 GPa 6530 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 26.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 14.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific heat capacit… text/html 2008-05-16T14:39:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_magnesium_alloy_zk60a&amp;rev=1210963175 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Wrought magnesium alloys to Properties of magnesium alloys (submitted by the website administration) Wrought magnesium alloy ZK60A Chemical composition: Zn=5.5%, Zr=0.45% min., Mg balance Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 1.83 *10³ kg/m³ 114 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 45 GPa 6530 ksi Thermal expansion (20 ºC) 26.0*10-6 ºCˉ¹ 14.4*10-6 in/(in* ºF) Specific … text/html 2009-02-28T07:02:35-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_magnesium_alloys&amp;rev=1235822555 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Magnesium alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Wrought magnesium alloys are manufactured in forms of rolled sheets and plates, extruded bars, rods and tubes, forged shapes. text/html 2009-02-28T06:49:31-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_phosphor_bronzes&amp;rev=1235821771 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Phosphor Bronzes are copper alloys, containing 1-13% of tin (Sn) and up to 0.3% of phosphorous (P) as the major alloying elements. Wrought Phosphor Bronzes (1.25% E, 5% A, 8% C, 10% D) are designated with the numbers from C50000 through C54999 (including lead phosphor bronzes). text/html 2009-02-28T06:43:11-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_silicon_bronzes&amp;rev=1235821391 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Metals to Copper alloys Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich According to the Unified Numbering System (UNS): Silicon Bronzes (Silicon Brasses) are copper alloys, containing 0.5-3.5% of silicon (Si) as the major alloying element. Wrought Silicon Bronzes are designated with the numbers from C64700 through C66199. text/html 2008-05-17T03:37:59-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=xylene&amp;rev=1211009879 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Hydrocarbon solvents to Properties of fluids (submitted by the website administration) Aromatic solvent Xylene Chemical formula: C8H10 Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density at 68°F (20°C) 0.88 *10³ kg/m³ 54.9 lb/ft³ Viscosity at 68°F (20°C) 0.81 cP 5.44*10-4 lb/ft·s Surface tension at 68°F (20°C) 0.030 N/m 1.71*10-4 lbf/in Vapor pressure at 68°F (20°C) 6 … text/html 2010-12-01T09:00:07-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=zirconia_ceramic_mgpsz&amp;rev=1291212007 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Zirconia ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Zirconia Ceramic MgPSZ Chemical composition: magnesia (MgO) partially stabilized zirconia (ZrO2) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 5.6 *10³ kg/m³ 349.6 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 350 GPa 50800 ksi Flexural strength 545 MPa 79000 psi Compressive strength 1700 MPa 246500… text/html 2010-12-01T08:59:48-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=zirconia_ceramic_ytzp&amp;rev=1291211988 Discuss the data and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Zirconia ceramics to Properties of ceramics (submitted by the website administration) Zirconia Ceramic YTZP Chemical composition: yttria (Y2O3 ) stabilized polycrystalline tetragonal zirconia (ZrO2) Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit Density 6.0 *10³ kg/m³ 374.5 lb/ft³ Modulus of elasticity 200 GPa 29000 ksi Flexural strength 900 MPa 130500 psi Compressive strength 2… text/html 2010-12-01T08:45:19-04:00 http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=zirconia_ceramics&amp;rev=1291211119 Discuss the article and ask questions in our Materials Forum to Ceramics to Oxide ceramics Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich Zirconia Ceramic is a ceramic material consisting of at least 90% of Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2). Zirconium Oxide is produced from natural minerals such as Baddeleyite (zirconium oxide) or zirconium silicate sand.